The effect of notch geometry on fatigue performance of structural materials for light water reactor plants was reviewed. Four factors affecting the fatigue behavior of notched specimen were taken into account, including characteristics of materials, stress state, corrosive environments and notch geometry. The possible mechanisms of fatigue crack initiation and propagation of notched specimen for nuclear-grade materials in high temperature high pressure water have been discussed. The coming possible research topics and directions are also proposed.

The influence of cold work on the stress corrosion cracking (SCC), namely the crack growth rate (CGR) and the crack propagation orientations of the nuclear structural materials and especially the effect of temperature on the stress corrosion cracking, of the cold-worked steels and nickel base alloys were summarized. The effect cold-working processing on the SCC sensitivity was analyzed. The future trends of R&D in the field was also expounded. The cold rolling process induced elongated grains along the rolling direction, and the lamellar-like local strain areas generated at grain boundaries. Some deformation bands and a large number of dislocations and vacancies are formed inside the grain due to cold rolling, resulting in the increase of the stress corrosion cracking CGR. The localized oxidation of the grain deformation bands will affect the type of stress corrosion and the direction of crack propagation. The movement of defects at different temperatures will change the CGR of cracks. The future research should focus on the mechanism of stress corrosion cracking of old worked materials and the SCC behavior of cold-worked materials under actual service conditions.

The effect of inhibitor concentration and temperature on the effectiveness of inhibitors of imidazoline derivatives was studied by means of weight loss method, electrochemical measurement, and surface analysis, while the effect of different substituted groups on the inhibition performance of imidazoline inhibitors was also analyzed. The results show that the sixteen alkyl imidazoline has good inhibition effect on the anode and cathode processes, especially for the anode process. The influence of concentration and temperature on the inhibition performance of corrosion inhibitors is interrelated. At lower (25 ℃) or higher (60 ℃) temperatures, only high concentration of corrosion inhibitor can exhibit higher corrosion inhibition rate. At temperatures in the range 40~50 ℃, low concentration of corrosion inhibitor can reach a good corrosion inhibition rate, while the corrosion inhibition rate changes little when the concentration increases. The substituted groups, such as phenylpropionate, can degrade the corrosion inhibition performance of imidazoline inhibitors.

Silver-bearing antibacterial duplex stainless steels were prepared by adding silver granules (code name A) or 150~300 μm Cu-Ag particles (code name B) respectively. The two steels were then subjected to solid solution treatment at 1150 ℃. The surface passive films formed on the two steels after potentiodynamic polarization test in bacteria bearing liquid were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results indicated that there exist silver as atomic Ag and oxide AgO, while chromium as CrO₂, CrO₃and Cr(OH)₃in the surface passive film of the steel A. However silver as oxides of AgO, Ag₂O and Ag₃O, while Cr as chromic oxides of multi-valence present in the surface passive film of the steel B. In comparison with the passive film on the steel A, that on the steel B has higher amount of Cr₂O₃, molybdenum oxides and MoO₄^2-, but lower amount of hydroxides/hydrates, meaning that the stability of the passive film on the steel B is better.

The effect of sodium nitrate on the corrosion behavior of 304L in nitric acid-sodium nitrate solutions at 120 and 135^oC respectively was studied by means of immersion test, potentiodynamic polarization curve measurement and corrosion morphology characterization. The result showed that the corrosion of 304L in sodium nitrate solution was very slight. However, the presence of sodium nitrate induced or exacerbated the intergranular corrosion of 304L in nitric acid-sodium nitrate solution. The corrosion of 304L in the liquid- and steam-phase of nitric acid-sodium nitrate solution became much more severe with the increasing sodium nitrate concentration or temperature. The steel in the steam tends to experience intergranular corrosion, thereby, partial grains on the steel surface were falled off. The increase of temperature can enhance the effect of sodium nitrate on the corrosion of 304L stainless steel.

The effect of cathode area on stable pitting grows of 304 stainless steel in 3.5% (mass fraction) NaCl solution was investigated by means of immersion test, electrochemical impendence spectroscope (EIS), potentiodynamic polarization and three-dimensional video microscope. The growth of stable pitting was then simulated. The results showed that when an impressed cathode was present in the solution, the dissolution rate of anode was dramatically enhanced: as the area radio of cathode to anode enlarged from 1 to 64, the corrosion increased, however, when the radio reached 64 and above, the corrosion rate tended to be stable. At this time the current density is 2.2 times of that without additional cathode. With the presence of an impressed cathode，the rate of hydrogen evolution reaction could increase in FeCl₃solution. The presence of an impressed cathode could also increase the anodic dissolution rate of the bottom of a naturally grown pit on 304 stainless in 3.5%NaCl solution according to the results of simulated experiment.

Influence of Cr content on the corrosion resistance of passive films formed on low alloyed rebar steels in liquor of cement extract was studied by means of electrochemical techniques, X-ray photoelectron spectrometer and auger electron spectroscopy. TheI_corrof steel electrodes is found to decrease with increasing immersion time, and protective passive films could form after 1 d immersion. The increase of Cr content decreases the carrier density of the passive films, thereby improves their stability. The increase of Cr content inhibits the oxidation process of Fe²⁺to Fe³⁺, thus enhance the corrosion resistance of the passive films. Stable passive films are primarily consisted of iron oxides with a thickness of 3~4 nm. As Cr is involved in the formation of passive films, which induces the formation of an inner layer of complex Cr-Fe oxides beneath the outer layer of Fe oxides. The film thickness slightly increases as the content of Cr increases.

The effect of pH value on the corrosion behavior of X70 steel in an artificial liquid containing sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) was investigated by means of potentiondynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The artificial liquid aims to simulate a sea mud extract, while the very sea mud was collected from the shallow seabed from off shore at Sanya of Hainan Island. The results show that the pH value of the simulated solution can affect the growth of SRB, and thus further affect the corrosion behavior of X70 steel. The solution with pH=8 is the best environment for SRB growth, pH=6 is the next and pH=10 is the worst. The SRB growth phase by pH=8 can be divided into three phases: logarithmic growth-, stable growth- and decay-phase. SRB growth phase by pH=6 and pH=10 can be divided into two phases: logarithmic growth- and decay-phase. In the logarithmic growth phase, the number of SRB is less and the effect of microbial corrosion is weak, therefore theE_corrof X70 is higher. However, when the number of SRB increases, the effect of microbial corrosion becomes serious, while the formed biofilm is loose and easy to fall off, which result in serious local corrosion, thereby theE_corrgradually decreases. In the simulated solution with pH=8 the effect of microbial corrosion is highest, which results further in the fastest corrosion rate of the steel. In the simulated solution with pH=10, the effect of microbial corrosion is weak, thus the passivation film can form easily on the steel surface, therefore, results in the slowest corrosion rate of the steel.

The corrosion test of carbon steel in a closed vessel with desired liquids will usually result in obviously changes in pH and ferrous ion concentration. However, in oil and gas field the pH and ferrous ion concentration at any specific location in side a pipeline does not change significantly with time. In this work, ion exchange resin was used to adjust the pH and ferrous ion concentration of the CO₂containing liquids during the corrosion process of X65 steel in a small loop, where the initial pH was 5.80 and initial ferrous ion concentration was 20 mg/L. In this case, the test loop full of CO₂containing liquids with constant pH and constant ferrous ion concentration was developed. Then, the corrosion of X65 steel in such an environment was investigated by open circuit potential, linear polarization resistance and surface analysis techniques. As a comparison, the corrosion of X65 carbon steel in liquid with inconstant pH and ferrous ion concentration (no adjustment for the pH and ferrous ion concentration during the corrosion) was also studied. The results showed that under the inconstant condition, the corrosion rate of X65 sharply decreased after 120 h. The corrosion rate was about 0.5 mm/a after 220 h. The corrosion product composed of very compact ferrous carbonate. However, under the condition of constant pH and ferrous ion concentration, the corrosion rate of X65 did not start to slowly decrease until 160 h; while the corrosion rate was still as high as 4.5 mm/a after 220 h. Many cracks in the corrosion products layer and obvious gaps between the substrate and corrosion product layer could also be found. Therefore, it is essential to maintain a relatively constant pH and ferrous ion concentration in a closed vessel of CO₂containing liquid when one tries to reproduce the CO₂corrosion behavior of carbon steel as that emerged in oil and gas field.

2E12 Al-alloys without and with an Al-clad layer were treated via the traditional sulfuric acid anodizing process, so that an anodic oxide film was prepared on their surface. The effect of the Al-clad layer and anodic oxidation time on the surface morphology and mechanical properties of the anodic oxide films was investigated by means of morphological characterization, tensile property test and fatigue life test. The results showed that the dissolution of the second phase in the matrix of 2E12 Al-alloys can result in the formation of voids on the surface oxide film during the anodic oxidation process. With the increasing oxidation time, the thickness of the oxide film gradually increases, whilst the number and size of voids also increase. After sulfuric acid anodizing, the tensile property of 2E12 Al-alloy keeps basically unchanged, but the fatigue life decreases obviously. For the sulfuric acid anodized 2E12 Al-alloy without Al-clad layer, the fatigue life decreases to 30% of that for the counterpart . After the anodic oxidation treatment, the fatigue cracks originate from the defects of the oxide film surface, and the fatigue fracture shows multiple crack characteristics.

Magnesium is a promising anode material for air batteries because of its outstanding characteristics, such as abundance, light mass, and low cost. However, the corrosion susceptibility of Mg-alloy in aqueous solution limits the performance of air battery. In this work, the discharge behavior of air batteries consisted of as-cast AZ31 Mg-alloy as the anode material and 3.5% (mass fraction) NaCl aqueous solution as electrolyte was examined while adding different corrosion inhibitors such as 0.5 g/L sodium phosphate (NaPO₃), 0.5 g/L sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) and 0.5 g/L NaPO₃+0.5 g/L SDBS respectively. In the meanwhile the free corrosion rate, potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of AZ31 Mg-alloy were measured and the surface morphology of the tested AZ31 Mg-alloy was characterized by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show that the addition of corrosion inhibitors is effective for inhibiting hydrogen evolution and the corrosion of anode material. Which can also weaken the anodic polarization and enhance the discharge voltage of the battery. Among others, in the air battery with the corrosion inhibitors of 0.5 g/L NaPO₃+0.5 g/L SDBS, the AZ31 Mg-alloy has the minimum corrosion rate of which the inhibition efficiency and anode utilization rate can reach up to 85% and 43.2% respectively.

In recent years, sea cage culture is being carried out in the country, the very cage generally is enveloped with copper alloy net therefore, it is of significance to acquire the corrosion performance of the Cu-alloy net in seawater. In the article, the seawater exposure of a new type of 70-1 tin brass net was carried out for two years in the waters off Dachen Island of Zhejiang province. Then the corroded material was characterized by means of chemical analysis, macro- and micro-morphology observation, XRD, SEM with EDSetc. It was found that several distinct corrosion zones can be differentiated on the net along the vertical direction while the corrosion behavior of the net in each corrosion zone is significantly different. Cu-alloy suffered from serious local corrosion, pitting corrosion and dezincification in the tidal zone, but slight corrosion in the full immersion zone due to the presence of a corrosion product film. Besides, a typical erosion zone can be observed in that maritime environment, the Cu-alloy net suffered from serious erosion- and dealloying-corrosion.

Organosilicon/SiO₂hybrid sols modified water borne acrylic resins were synthesized via solution polymerization process with acrylic-acid (AA), butyl-acrylate (BA), hydroxyethyl-acrylate (HEA), methyl-methacrylate (MMA), tetraethyl (TEOS), 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH-570), methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) and diphenyl dimethoxy silane as raw material. The effect of different amount and specie of organosilicon/SiO₂hybrid sols on the properties of the resin was investigated. The structure of the prepared sols and resin films were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of the coatings on tinplate were as examined by means of immersion test, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and relevant mechanical testing means. The results showed that the organosilicon/SiO₂hybrid sol could be successfully grafted onto the acrylic molecules. Among others, the hybrid resin coating with 10% (mass fraction) organosilicon/SiO₂hybrid sol exhibited excellent comprehensive performance: such as excellent flexibility and adhesion; hardness and gloss as high as 6H and 104, respectively, while high corrosion resistance and long term stabilityetc.

TiO₂conversion film was prepared on the surface of hot-dip galvanized (HDG) carbon steel Q235 in Ti(SO₄)₂solution with hydrogen peroxide H₂O₂as chelating agent. Then the prepared TiO₂conversion film was further sealed via immersion in sodium silicate solution. The effect of conversion treatment time on the morphology and corrosion resistance of the TiO₂conversion film was studied. While the morphology, composition and corrosion resistance of the sodium silicate sealed TiO₂conversion film were characterized by means of SEM with EDS, XRD, XPS and electrochemical measurements. The results show that the conversion film consists of a large amount of TiO₂nanospheres, which formed on surface of the HDG steel after a short-time immersion, and then with the increasing immersion time, the nanospheres are gradually covered by reaction product ZnO/Zn(OH)₂and crack appears on the conversion film, correspondingly the corrosion resistance of the HDG steel first increases and then decreases. A complete and dense TiO₂conversion film shows better corrosion resistance, but cracks on the film can cause pitting corrosion. After sealing treatment, a sodium silicate film may further cover the pre-formed TiO₂conversion film, however, there are a large number of cracks in micron scale on the surface of such complex film. In general, after sodium silicate sealing treatment, the corrosion resistance of the short-time formed conversion film decreases, in the contrary, the corrosion resistance of long-time formed conversion film increases.