机械应力对不锈钢点蚀行为的影响

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2018.090

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2019, Vol. 39

Issue (3): 215-226 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2018.090

综合评述

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机械应力对不锈钢点蚀行为的影响

李雨¹,关蕾¹(

),王冠¹,张波²,柯伟²

1. 广东工业大学机电工程学院广州 510006
2. 中国科学院金属研究所中国科学院核用材料与安全评价重点实验室沈阳 110016

Influence of Mechanical Stresses on Pitting Corrosion of Stainless Steel

Yu LI¹,Lei GUAN¹(

),Guan WANG¹,Bo ZHANG²,Wei KE²

1. School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
2. CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

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摘要:

综述了3类机械应力对不锈钢点蚀萌生与生长各个阶段影响的研究进展，包括单向应力、交变应力及表面机械残余应力对不锈钢点蚀萌生、亚稳点蚀生长、亚稳点蚀向稳态点蚀转变以及稳态点蚀生长行为的影响；总结了相关的研究方法并分析了不同类型应力及水平影响点蚀各个阶段的原因；展望了今后对机械应力作用下不锈钢点蚀行为研究的发展趋势和重点。

关键词 ：点蚀, 不锈钢, 单向应力, 交变应力, 残余应力

Abstract：

Pitting corrosion has been found to be responsible for the nucleation of stress corrosion and corrosion fatigue cracks of stainless steel. Meanwhile, the nucleation and growth of pits are both closely related to the stress state, so that it is much more reliable and practical for the corrosion life prediction of mechanical parts by considering the coupling effect of stress and corrosive environment on the pitting corrosion behavior. In addition, such research contributes for us to understand deeply insight into the pitting mechanism and so that to optimize the manufacture technology of stainless steel. This paper reviews the influence of mechanical stresses on every stage of pitting corrosion, including the uniaxial loading, cyclic loading and residual stress on the pitting behavior of the initiation, growth of metastable pitting, transformation from metastable to stable pitting and growth of stable pitting. The relevant research methods are summarized and the effect of mechanical stresses on each stage of pitting corrosion is also analyzed. This work would also provide discussions and outlook of the unresolved issues.

Key words： pitting corrosion stainless steel uniaxial stress cyclic stress residual stress

收稿日期: 2018-06-28

ZTFLH:

TG172

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(51701047)

通讯作者: 关蕾 E-mail: lguan@gdut.edu.cn

Corresponding author: Lei GUAN E-mail: lguan@gdut.edu.cn

作者简介: 李雨，男，1989年生，博士

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李雨,关蕾,王冠,张波,柯伟. 机械应力对不锈钢点蚀行为的影响[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2019, 39(3): 215-226.
Yu LI, Lei GUAN, Guan WANG, Bo ZHANG, Wei KE. Influence of Mechanical Stresses on Pitting Corrosion of Stainless Steel. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2019, 39(3): 215-226.

链接本文:

https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2018.090 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2019/V39/I3/215

图1 LSP原理示意图[29]

图2 激光喷丸前后316L SS在Hank's溶液中的极化曲线[33]

图3 典型的亚稳点蚀暂态电流信号示意图

图4 不锈钢在200 MPa外加应力作用下亚稳点蚀生长2 s时等效塑性应变分布[47]

图5 点蚀坑口覆盖膜破裂时间对200 MPa应力下不锈钢亚稳点蚀暂态电流和点蚀稳定积的影响[47]

图6 载荷作用下不锈钢中两个相邻亚稳蚀坑与单个亚稳蚀坑生长过程中的暂态电流及电流密度曲线[49]

图7 不同变形度的不锈钢在碳钢孔隙溶液中 (pH=9，0.05 mol/L Cl-) 经0.1 VSCE恒电位极化得到的典型亚稳点蚀暂态电流[59]

图8 304不锈钢在不同循环加载应力幅作用下于1 mol/L NaCl溶液 (pH值为3) 中恒电位 (0.05 V (SCE)) 极化所监测到的典型亚稳点蚀暂态信号[62]

图9 X射线断层成像点蚀坑观察[72]

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