316L和HR-2不锈钢在盐酸液膜环境中的钝化与点蚀

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2019.221

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2020, Vol. 40

Issue (1): 17-24 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2019.221

研究报告

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

316L和HR-2不锈钢在盐酸液膜环境中的钝化与点蚀

何壮,王兴平,刘子涵,盛耀权,米梦芯,陈琳,张岩,李宇春(

)

长沙理工大学化学与食品工程学院长沙 410114

Passivation and Pitting of 316L and HR-2 Stainless Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Liquid Membrane Environment

HE Zhuang,WANG Xingping,LIU Zihan,SHENG Yaoquan,MI Mengxin,CHEN Lin,ZHANG Yan,LI Yuchun(

)

School of Chemistry and Food Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China

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摘要:

基于自行设计组装的盐酸液膜腐蚀模拟装置，采用腐蚀挂片、电阻探针、Tafel极化、电化学阻抗等方法，研究了316L和HR-2不锈钢在浓度分别为1、0.5和0.1 mol/L，温度分别为90、70和60 ℃的盐酸蒸汽环境中的钝化和点蚀行为，并利用金相显微镜、XRD对腐蚀试样和腐蚀产物进行了分析。结果表明：两种不锈钢的腐蚀速率随时间先加快后减慢最后趋于稳定，316L不锈钢的腐蚀速率相对较高；两种不锈钢均能形成稳定钝化区，且维钝电流密度相差不大，HR-2孔蚀电位的钝化区间总体都比316L不锈钢高，说明HR-2不锈钢更耐腐蚀；另外，两种不锈钢表面腐蚀产物成分基本相同，316L不锈钢表面的腐蚀产物更多更密集，这是由于O的吸附被C1^-所取代，钢体表面上的钝化膜难以形成或破坏，并且更可能导致不锈钢点蚀。

关键词 ：不锈钢, 液膜环境, 模拟装置, 电化学测试, 钝化与点蚀, 表征及分析

Abstract：

With a home-made facility, the corrosion behavior of 316L and HR-2 stainless steels at 60~90 ℃ beneath thin films of condensate HCl steam of 1, 0.5 and 0.1 mol/L HCl solutions was assessed by means of mass loss method, resistance probe, Tafel polarization measurement, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, metallographic microscope and XRD. Results show that the corrosion rate of the two stainless steels accelerates with time in the initial stage, then slows down and finally stabilizes. The corrosion rate of 316L is faster. Both stainless steels can form stable passivation zone with more or less the same maintaining passivity current densities. The passivation interval of the HR-2 steel is higher than that of 316L steel, indicating that former is more resistant to corrosion. In addition, the corrosion products of the two stainless steel surfaces are basically the same, however, the corrosion product on the 316L steel is much dense. Due to the fact that the oxygen in the corrosion product scale is replaced by the competition of Cl^-, correspondingly, the passivation film on the surface of the steel may tend to crack and be difficult to be healed, therefore, pitting corrosion may be initiated of the stainless steels.

Key words： stainless steel liquid film environment simulation device electrochemical test passivation and pitting characterization and analysis

收稿日期: 2019-05-16

ZTFLH:

TG174

通讯作者: 李宇春 E-mail: iamlyc@263.net

Corresponding author: Yuchun LI E-mail: iamlyc@263.net

作者简介: 何壮，男，1994年生，硕士生

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引用本文:

何壮,王兴平,刘子涵,盛耀权,米梦芯,陈琳,张岩,李宇春. 316L和HR-2不锈钢在盐酸液膜环境中的钝化与点蚀[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2020, 40(1): 17-24.
Zhuang HE, Xingping WANG, Zihan LIU, Yaoquan SHENG, Mengxin MI, Lin CHEN, Yan ZHANG, Yuchun LI. Passivation and Pitting of 316L and HR-2 Stainless Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Liquid Membrane Environment. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2020, 40(1): 17-24.

链接本文:

https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2019.221 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2020/V40/I1/17

图1 电化学测试实验装置

表1 两种不锈钢的化学成分 (mass fraction / %)

表2 316L和HR-2不锈钢在1 mol/L HCl溶液不同温度的Tafel拟合数据

表3 316L和HR-2不锈钢在0.5 mol/L HCl溶液不同温度的Tafel拟合数据

表4 316L和HR-2不锈钢在0.1 mol/L HCl溶液中不同温度Tafel拟合数据

图2 电化学阻抗谱的等效电路图

图3 316L和HR-2不锈钢在1 mol/L 90、70和60 ℃ HCl溶液中的电化学阻抗图

图4 316L和HR-2不锈钢在0.5 mol/L 90、70和60 ℃ HCl溶液中的电化学阻抗图

图5 316L和HR-2不锈钢在0.1 mol/L 90、70和60 ℃ HCl溶液中的电化学阻抗图

图6 两种材料在1和0.5 mol/L HCl溶液中不同模拟时间后的腐蚀动力学曲线

图7 两种材料电阻探针在1和0.5 mol/L HCl溶液中不同模拟时间后的腐蚀动力学曲线

图8 两种材料在0.5 mol/L HCl溶液中腐蚀24、96和144 h后的金相形貌

图9 316L和HR-2不锈钢0.5 mol/L HCl溶液中腐蚀144 h的XRD谱

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