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中国腐蚀与防护学报  2015, Vol. 35 Issue (4): 305-310    DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2014.122
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酸性FeCl3溶液中304不锈钢的超声腐蚀和缓蚀行为
方玉荣,付朝阳()
Corrosion and Corrosion Inhibition of 304 Stainless Steel in Acidic FeCl3 Solution with Applied Inhibitor K2Cr2O7 and Ultrasonic Vibration
Yurong FANG,Chaoyang FU()
Hubei Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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摘要: 

运用失重法研究了304不锈钢在pH值为1的6%FeCl3溶液中有/无超声和含不同浓度K2Cr2O7缓蚀剂的腐蚀行为。采用电化学方法和扫描电镜分析了K2Cr2O7浓度为2000 mg/L时静默和超声条件下不锈钢的电化学行为以及微观形貌。结果表明：超声可以减轻不锈钢的点蚀；静默条件下K2Cr2O7用量不足时会促进不锈钢的腐蚀,而超声作用下不同浓度K2Cr2O7具有很好的缓蚀性能。超声和K2Cr2O7联合作用下不锈钢的点蚀电位和电荷传递电阻均大幅提高,超声与K2Cr2O7的协同作用对不锈钢酸性腐蚀起到很好的保护作用。
关键词 ： 304不锈钢,  FeCl3溶液,  点蚀,  缓蚀剂,  超声作用    
Abstract：

The corrosion and corrosion inhibition of type 304 stainless steel (304SS) were studied by weight loss method and electrochemical methods in 6%FeCl3 solution of pH=1 with or without inhibitor K2Cr2O7 under quiescent and ultrasonic vibration. Then the surface morphology of the corroded steel was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results indicate that the general corrosion and pitting corrosion of 304SS can be suppressed by the application of ultrasound. The corrosion of 304SS is accelerated when concentration of K2Cr2O7 is lower in the quiescence FeCl3 solution, but different concentration of K2Cr2O7 exhibits a good corrosion inhibition effect under ultrasonic vibration in the same FeCl3 solution. The combination of ultrasound and inhibitor K2Cr2O7 make the break potential for pitting corrosion and charge transfer resistance of 304SS increased greatly. Therefore, a good synergistic inhibition effect occurs between ultrasonic vibration and inhibitor K2Cr2O7 for 304SS in the acidic medium.
Key words： type 304 stainless steel    FeCl3 solution    pitting corrosion    corrosion inhibitor    ultrasonic effect
    
基金资助:中央高校基本科研业务费项目 (HUST2012QN144)资助
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方玉荣,付朝阳. 酸性FeCl3溶液中304不锈钢的超声腐蚀和缓蚀行为[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2015, 35(4): 305-310.
Yurong FANG, Chaoyang FU. Corrosion and Corrosion Inhibition of 304 Stainless Steel in Acidic FeCl3 Solution with Applied Inhibitor K2Cr2O7 and Ultrasonic Vibration. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2015, 35(4): 305-310.

链接本文:

https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2014.122      或      https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2015/V35/I4/305

Quiescence condition Corrosion rate / gm-2h-1 Inhibition efficiency Ultrasonic condition Corrosion rate gm-2h-1 Inhibition efficiency
Inhibitor free 18.28 --- Inhibitor free 8.493 ---
20 mg/L K2Cr2O7 19.11 -4.5% 20 mg/L K2Cr2O7 4.395 48.3%
50 mg/L K2Cr2O7 21.54 -17.8% 50 mg/L K2Cr2O7 0.313 96.3%
100 mg/L K2Cr2O7 22.64 -23.9% 100 mg/L K2Cr2O7 0.282 96.7%
200 mg/L K2Cr2O7 23.20 -26.9% 200 mg/L K2Cr2O7 0.172 98.0%
500 mg/L K2Cr2O7 19.04 -4.2% 500 mg/L K2Cr2O7 0.143 98.3%
1000 mg/L K2Cr2O7 15.37 15.9% 1000 mg/L K2Cr2O7 0.135 98.4%
2000 mg/L K2Cr2O7 9.10 50.2% 2000 mg/L K2Cr2O7 0.123 98.6%
5000 mg/L K2Cr2O7 0.457 97.5% 5000 mg/L K2Cr2O7 0.065 99.2%
表1  304不锈钢浸泡失重测试结果
图1  304不锈钢在6.0%FeCl3盐酸溶液中腐蚀后的宏观形貌
图2  304不锈钢不同条件下的阳极钝化曲线
图3  304不锈钢在不同条件下的电化学阻抗Nyquist图,阻抗模值和相位角图
图4  等效电路图
Experimental condition Rs / Ωcm2 CPE-T / Fcm-2 CPE-P Rct / Ωcm2
Quiescence/blank 4.902 3.34×10-4 0.765 46.2
Quiescence/2000 mg/L K2Cr2O7 0.808 4.59×10-4 0.813 149.8
Ultrasound/blank 1.750 1.22×10-4 0.855 167.4
Ultrasound/2000 mg/L K2Cr2O7 1.388 2.54×10-4 0.687 1156
表2  304不锈钢等效电路元件值
图5  304不锈钢在不同实验条件下的表面微观形貌
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