基于多物理场耦合的铜电解槽阳极腐蚀均匀性研究

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2022.142

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2023, Vol. 43

Issue (3): 663-670 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2022.142 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2022.142

研究报告

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基于多物理场耦合的铜电解槽阳极腐蚀均匀性研究

尚小标¹^,²(

), 肖人友¹, 李佳剑¹, 张志浩¹

^1.昆明理工大学机电工程学院昆明 650500
^2.微波能工程应用及装备技术国家地方联合工程实验室昆明 650500

Improvement of Anode Corrosion Uniformity of Copper Electrolysis Cell Based on Multi-physical Field Coupling Theory

SHANG Xiaobiao¹^,²(

), XIAO Renyou¹, LI Jiajian¹, ZHANG Zhihao¹

^1.Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
^2.National Local Joint Laboratory of Engineering Application of Microwave Energy and Equipment Technology, Kunming 650093, China

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摘要:

基于多物理场耦合理论，以铜电解槽阳电极板为研究对象，考虑应力应变与局部腐蚀反应的协同作用，研究阳极板底部圆角半径对阳极电流密度和腐蚀厚度均匀性的影响。结果表明，当阳极底部圆角半径从2 mm增大到12 mm后，阳极板上的电流密度突变率下降6.18%；阳极腐蚀厚度均匀性提高43.44%。当圆角半径为8 mm时，电流效率最高，达到99.18%。通过对电极板结构的优化，有效提高阳极腐蚀厚度均匀性和电流效率，为进一步优化电解槽结构、减小能耗以及提高电极腐蚀厚度均匀性的研究提供理论指导。

关键词 ：铜电解槽, 阳极腐蚀, 数值模拟, 电流效率

Abstract：

For improving the copper anode corrosion uniformity and the current efficiency of the copper electrolytic refining process, herewith, based on the multi-physical field coupling theory, the corrosion behavior of the copper positive plate of the copper electrolytic refining cell was studied in terms of the effect of the synergy of the stress and strain, and local corrosion reaction, as well as the bottom radius of the anode plate on the positive electrode corrosion current density distribution and the thinning uniformity of the anode plate. The results show that when the bottom fillet radius of the anode increases from 2 mm to 12 mm, the current density mutation rate on the anode plate decreases by 6.18%. The uniformity of anode thinning rate was improved by 43.44%. When the fillet radius is 8 mm, the current efficiency is the highest, reaching 99.18%. By optimizing the geometrical shape of electrode plate, the uniformity of thinning rate and current efficiency of the anode plate are effectively improved, which provides a theoretical guidance for further optimizing the structure of electrolytic cell for reducing energy consumption, as well as improving the thinning uniformity of electrode plate.

Key words： copper electrolytic cell anodic corrosion numerical simulation current efficiency

收稿日期: 2022-05-08 32134.14.1005.4537.2022.142

ZTFLH:

TF811

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(51864030);云南省科技厅重点项目(202101AS070023)

通讯作者: 尚小标，E-mail：shang21st@163.com，研究方向为多物理场耦合理论及应用

Corresponding author: SHANG Xiaobiao, E-mail: shang21st@163.com

作者简介: 尚小标，男，1987年生，博士，讲师

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引用本文:

尚小标, 肖人友, 李佳剑, 张志浩. 基于多物理场耦合的铜电解槽阳极腐蚀均匀性研究[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2023, 43(3): 663-670.
SHANG Xiaobiao, XIAO Renyou, LI Jiajian, ZHANG Zhihao. Improvement of Anode Corrosion Uniformity of Copper Electrolysis Cell Based on Multi-physical Field Coupling Theory. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2023, 43(3): 663-670.

链接本文:

https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2022.142 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2023/V43/I3/663

图1 电解槽模型尺寸以及结构组成

图2 几何模型的网格元素质量分布和统计

Electrolyte physical parameter^[19,20]	Function expression	Unit
Density ρ	1034.8+2.178[Cu]+0.531[H]-0.677T	kg/m³
Viscosity μ	(1.39+0.00746[Cu]+0.0343[H])exp $1792 T$ ×10^-6	Pa·s
Diffusion coefficient D	(2.87-0.019[Cu]-0.0086[H]+1.67T)×10^-10	m²/s
Conductivity k	0.134-0.00356[Cu]+0.00249[H]+0.00426T	s/cm

表1 电解液物性参数

图3 电解质电位分布

图4 不同圆角半径下的电极表面电流密度

图5 不同圆角半径下的电流密度变化曲线

图6 阳极电流密度极差

图7 不同圆角半径的阳极腐蚀厚度变化

图8 不同圆角半径下阳极左侧边腐蚀厚度变化

图9 不同圆角半径的阳极腐蚀厚度均匀性系数

图10 不同圆角半径的电流效率

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