模拟硫污染海水环境下交变氧含量对<strong>B30</strong>铜镍合金腐蚀行为的影响机制研究

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2025.131

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2026, Vol. 46

Issue (2): 405-416 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.131 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.131

研究报告

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模拟硫污染海水环境下交变氧含量对B30铜镍合金腐蚀行为的影响机制研究

练龙江¹, 陈思敏¹, 黄延淞¹, 曾兰香¹, 郑中², 雷冰¹(

), 孟国哲¹

^1.中山大学化学工程与技术学院珠海 519082
^2.武汉第二船舶设计研究所武汉 430064

Effect of Alternating Dissolved Oxygen Content on Corrosion Behavior of B30 Cu-Ni Alloy in a Simulated Sulfide-polluted Seawater Environment

LIAN Longjiang¹, CHEN Simin¹, HUANG Yansong¹, ZEN Lanxiang¹, ZHENG Zhong², LEI Bing¹(

), MENG Guozhe¹

^1.School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
^2.Wuhan Second Ship Design & Research Institute, Wuhan 430064, China

引用本文:

练龙江, 陈思敏, 黄延淞, 曾兰香, 郑中, 雷冰, 孟国哲. 模拟硫污染海水环境下交变氧含量对B30铜镍合金腐蚀行为的影响机制研究[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(2): 405-416.
Longjiang LIAN, Simin CHEN, Yansong HUANG, Lanxiang ZEN, Zhong ZHENG, Bing LEI, Guozhe MENG. Effect of Alternating Dissolved Oxygen Content on Corrosion Behavior of B30 Cu-Ni Alloy in a Simulated Sulfide-polluted Seawater Environment[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2026, 46(2): 405-416.

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摘要:

针对舰船B30 合金材料服役期间在海水贫氧-富氧交替和S^2-污染环境下的腐蚀问题，本文结合极化曲线、电化学阻抗等方法，系统研究了模拟S^2-污染与氧含量交替变化海水环境下B30合金的腐蚀行为及反应机制。结果表明，在模拟洁净海水环境下，溶解氧主要发挥促进成膜作用，随氧含量增加，B30合金表面膜层保护性增强，其耐蚀性顺序为：富氧>交变含氧>贫氧；而在模拟S^2-污染的海水环境下，B30合金耐蚀性规律变为：富氧>贫氧>交变含氧，其中含硫且“贫氧-富氧”交替条件下B30合金腐蚀最为严重，表现为腐蚀电流密度显著增加、电化学阻抗大幅下降、极化电阻明显降低，以局部点蚀为主要特征，表面膜层出现严重开裂与脱落现象，腐蚀泄漏风险显著提升。机理分析认为，在含S环境下，B30合金的表面膜质量因S^2-作用而劣化，交变含氧条件打破了O₂主导的“成膜-溶解”动态平衡，O₂在B30合金局部膜破损处的促进腐蚀作用占主导，增强了B30合金的局部腐蚀倾向。

关键词 ： B30铜镍合金, S^2-, 交变含氧, 腐蚀机制

Abstract：

To address the corrosion issues of B30 alloy for ships during service in conditions such as S^2--polluted seawaters while with conditions of alternating changes in oxygen content, herein, the corrosion behavior and reaction mechanisms of B30 alloy in S^2- polluted simulated seawaters with alternating changes in oxygen content were studied via methods such as polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results show that in a simulated clean seawater, the dissolved oxygen acts mainly as accelerant for the formation of passivation film. As the oxygen content increases, the protective properties of the surface film on B30 alloy were enhanced, and the influence degree of oxygen content on the corrosion resistance of B30 alloy may be ranked as follows: high-oxygen > alternating oxygen > low-oxygen. However, in simulated S^2--polluted seawater, the influence order of oxygen content changes to: high-oxygen > low-oxygen > alternating oxygen. In the condition of alternating changes in oxygen content, B30 alloy experiences the most severe corrosion, characterized by a significant increase in corrosion current density, a substantial decrease in electrochemical impedance, a marked reduction in polarization resistance, and the predominance of localized pitting. Correspondingly, the surface film exhibits serious cracking and delamination, leading to a significantly increased risk of localized corrosion and leakage. Mechanism analysis indicates that in sulfur-containing environments, the quality of surface film on B30 alloy was deteriorated due to the action of S^2-. Alternating oxygen conditions disrupt the dynamic equilibrium of oxygen-dominated "film formation-dissolution" processes, allowing O₂ to dominate the corrosion acceleration at local film damage sites, thus enhancing the alloy's susceptibility to localized corrosion.

Key words： B30 copper-nickel alloy sulfur ion alternating content of dissolved oxygen corrosion mechanism

收稿日期: 2025-04-29 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.131

ZTFLH:

TG174

通讯作者: 雷冰，E-mail：leibing@mail.sysu.edu.cn，研究方向为腐蚀电化学

作者简介: 练龙江，男，2001年生，硕士生

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https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2025.131 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2026/V46/I2/405

图1 实验所用B30合金的金相组织

表1 模拟环境特征以及对应代号

图2 模拟硫污染环境浸泡及电化学实验装置及交变溶解氧实验设计流程图

图3 模拟洁净海水中，不同氧含量条件下B30合金浸泡8 d后的电化学阻抗谱

图4 模拟硫污染海水中，不同氧含量条件下B30合金浸泡8 d后的电化学阻抗谱

图5 无硫环境下交替氧含量(D-A)时B30合金浸泡不同时间的电化学阻抗谱

图6 含硫环境下交替氧含量时B30合金浸泡不同时间的EIS谱

图7 不同环境下B30合金的低频模值变化随浸泡时间的变化

图8 B30合金在不同环境浸泡8 d时的动电位极化曲线

表2 B30 合金在不同环境中的极化曲线拟合数据

图9 B30合金在不同环境中浸泡8 d时的线性极化曲线

图10 B30合金在不同环境中浸泡8 d后表面的宏观形貌以及对应的微观形貌

图11 交变含氧含硫环境中B30 合金浸泡30 d后表面腐蚀的宏观、微观形貌及能谱分析

图12 在交变含氧含硫环境中B30 合金浸泡30 d后表面腐蚀的截面形貌以及去除腐蚀产物后的表面形貌

图13 B30合金在不同环境浸泡8 d后合金表面的XPS谱

图14 B30 合金在不同环境中浸泡8 d后试样表面的Cu 2p、Ni 2p、Fe 2p和S 2p谱

表4 不同环境浸泡8 d后B30合金表面腐蚀产物

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