WC含量对激光熔覆AlCoCrFeNi2.1 共晶高熵合金涂层磨损和腐蚀性能的影响

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2025.218

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2026, Vol. 46

Issue (1): 126-136 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.218 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.218

增材制造与腐蚀专题

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

WC含量对激光熔覆AlCoCrFeNi_2.1 共晶高熵合金涂层磨损和腐蚀性能的影响

丁昊¹, 杜凌霄¹, 舒琴², 曹甫洋³, 谢云¹(

), 彭晓¹

^1.南昌航空大学材料科学与工程学院南昌 330063
^2.中国航发贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司贵阳 550014
^3.江苏大学材料科学与工程学院镇江 212013

Effect of WC Content on Wear and Corrosion Performance of Laser Cladding AlCoCrFeNi_2.1 Eutectic High-entropy Alloy Coating

DING Hao¹, DU Lingxiao¹, SHU Qin², CAO Fuyang³, XIE Yun¹(

), PENG Xiao¹

^1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
^2.Liyang Aero Power Co., Ltd., Aero Engine Corporation of China, Guiyang 550014, China
^3.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China

引用本文:

丁昊, 杜凌霄, 舒琴, 曹甫洋, 谢云, 彭晓. WC含量对激光熔覆AlCoCrFeNi_2.1 共晶高熵合金涂层磨损和腐蚀性能的影响[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(1): 126-136.
Hao DING, Lingxiao DU, Qin SHU, Fuyang CAO, Yun XIE, Xiao PENG. Effect of WC Content on Wear and Corrosion Performance of Laser Cladding AlCoCrFeNi_2.1 Eutectic High-entropy Alloy Coating[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2026, 46(1): 126-136.

全文: PDF(19178 KB) HTML

摘要:

为研究不同WC含量对AlCoCrFeNi_2.1共晶高熵合金复合涂层磨损和腐蚀性能的影响，本研究采用双路送粉激光熔覆技术，在45#钢表面制备了含WC质量分数分别为0%、10%、30%和50%的AlCoCrFeNi_2.1-WC _x 复合涂层。系统分析了WC含量对涂层的微观组织、显微硬度、耐磨性及耐蚀性的影响规律。研究表明，WC的引入促使涂层在原有的FCC和BCC相的基础上，生成了WC、W₂C及η相等金属碳化物，且随着WC含量的增加，涂层中碳化物增强相显著增多，涂层硬度逐步提升。其中，AlCoCrFeNi_2.1-WC₅₀复合涂层的显微硬度最高，达到775.8HV_0.2，约为45#钢基体的3.8倍。WC的加入亦显著提高了涂层的耐磨性，磨损速率由不含WC时的1.3 × 10^-3 mm³·N^-1·m^-1降至WC₅₀涂层的8.6 × 10^-6 mm³·N^-1·m^-1。但随着WC含量的增加，涂层中不同相之间的电位差加剧，导致电偶腐蚀增强，从而使复合涂层的耐蚀性呈下降趋势。综合硬度、耐磨性与耐蚀性方面性能，WC添加量为30%时综合性能最优，具有耐磨性能和腐蚀性能最好的匹配，拥有良好的工程应用前景。

关键词 ：高熵合金涂层, 激光熔覆, WC颗粒, 耐磨性, 耐蚀性

Abstract：

To investigate the effect of WC contents on the wear and corrosion performance of laser claddings of high-entropy eutectic alloy AlCoCrFeNi_2.1, i.e. AlCoCrFeNi_2.1-WC _x with WC contents of 0%, 10%, 30%, and 50% respectively were fabricated on the surface of 45# steel by laser cladding technologywith a dual powder feeding system. The influence of WC content on the microstructure, microhardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of the coatings was systematically studied. The results show that the addition of WC promoted the formation of metal carbides such as WC, W₂C and η phases in the coatings, in addition to the original existed FCC and BCC phases. With the increasing WC content, the volume fractions of hard carbide phases increased, leading to a significant enhancement in microhardness of the composite coatings. The AlCoCrFeNi_2.1-WC₅₀ coating exhibited the highest microhardness of 775.8 HV_0.2, approximately 3.8 times that of 45# steel matrix. Moreover, the wear resistance was markedly enhanced with the increasingWC content, and correspondingly the wear rate decreased from 1.3 × 10^-3 mm³·N^-1·m^-1 for the WC-free AlCoCrFeNi_2.1 coating to 8.6 × 10^-6 mm³·N^-1·m^-1 for the AlCoCrFeNi_2.1-WC₅₀ coating. However, a higher WC content led to increase the emerging of galvanic corrosion between different phases in the coating, thereby deteriorating the corrosion resistance. Comprehansively considering the microhardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, the AlCoCrFeNi_2.1-WC₃₀ coating exhibited the best comprehensive properties, featured with a good combination of wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and can be viewed as a promising material for engineering application.

Key words： high-entropy alloy coatings laser cladding WC particle wear resistance corrosion resistance

收稿日期: 2025-07-09 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.218

ZTFLH:

TG174

基金资助:江西省重点研发计划(20232BBE50007);江西省自然科学基金(20224BAB214018)

通讯作者: 谢云，E-mail：yun.xie@nchu.edu.cn，研究方向为金属材料高温腐蚀与防护、高熵合金涂层、金属增材制造等

作者简介: 丁昊，2001 年生，硕士研究生。主要研究方向为高熵合金的增材制造。
谢云，1988 年生，2018 年毕业于澳大利亚新南威尔士大学，获博士学位。现就职于南昌航空大学，副教授，硕士研究生导师，入选江西省“双千计划”青年人才，中国腐蚀与防护学会高温专业委员会委员，江西省材料学会理事，担任《中国腐蚀与防护学报》、《材料热处理学报》等学术期刊的青年编委。目前主要从事金属材料高温腐蚀与防护、高熵合金涂层、金属增材制造等方面的研究，先后主持国家自然科学基金、江西省重点研发计划、江西省自然科学基金等多项国家和省部级科研项目，迄今以第一/通讯作者在Corrosion Science、Surface and Coatings Technology等期刊发表SCI/EI论文共30余篇。

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图1 AlCoCrFeNi2.1合金粉末和WC陶瓷粉末SEM形貌及粒度分布统计

图2 双路送粉实验的示意图

表1 制备AlCoCrFeNi2.1-WC x 涂层的送粉速度

图3 AlCoCrFeNi2.1-WC x 复合涂层的XRD图谱

图4 AlCoCrFeNi2.1-WC x 复合涂层的截面SEM形貌

表2 BCC相、FCC相、η相和过渡层的成分 (atomic fraction / %)

图5 AlCoCrFeNi2.1-WC x 复合涂层的截面硬度

图6 45#钢和AlCoCrFeNi2.1-WC x 复合涂层的摩擦系数曲线、平均摩擦系数、磨痕轮廓曲线和磨损速率

图7 AlCoCrFeNi2.1-WC x 复合涂层的磨痕SEM形貌图

表3 图7中标记区域的EDS结果 (atomic fraction / %)

表4 45#钢和AlCoCrFeNi2.1-WC x 复合涂层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的电化学腐蚀参数

图8 45#钢和AlCoCrFeNi2.1-WC x 复合涂层在3.5% NaCl溶液中的动电位极化曲线

图9 在3.5%NaCl溶液中动电位极化测试后AlCoCrFeNi2.1-WC x 复合涂层的表面形貌

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