极地航行船舶用高强钢的磨损腐蚀交互作用机制

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2024.298

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2025, Vol. 45

Issue (4): 894-904 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2024.298 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2024.298

研究报告

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极地航行船舶用高强钢的磨损腐蚀交互作用机制

杨淞普¹, 黄诗雨¹, 李刚², 林一³, 郭娜¹, 刘涛¹(

), 董丽华¹

1 上海海事大学海洋科学与工程学院上海 201306
2 中国航空综合技术研究所北京 100028
3 中国核能电力股份有限公司北京 100000

Interaction Behavior of Wear and Corrosion of High-strength Marine Steels for Polar Navigation Vessels

YANG Songpu¹, HUANG Shiyu¹, LI Gang², LIN Yi³, GUO Na¹, LIU Tao¹(

), DONG Lihua¹

1 College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
2 China Aero Poly-technology Establishment, Beijing 100028, China
3 China National Nuclear Power Co., Ltd., Beijing 100000, China

引用本文:

杨淞普, 黄诗雨, 李刚, 林一, 郭娜, 刘涛, 董丽华. 极地航行船舶用高强钢的磨损腐蚀交互作用机制[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2025, 45(4): 894-904.
Songpu YANG, Shiyu HUANG, Gang LI, Yi LIN, Na GUO, Tao LIU, Lihua DONG. Interaction Behavior of Wear and Corrosion of High-strength Marine Steels for Polar Navigation Vessels[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2025, 45(4): 894-904.

全文: PDF(21184 KB) HTML

摘要:

极地船舶在冰区航行时将受到冰摩擦和海水腐蚀的双重影响，而船舶用钢磨损和腐蚀间的交互作用机制尚未明晰。本文选用EH40、FH40和921A船舶用钢作为实验材料，通过力学-电化学结合的方法研究不同牌号钢材在模拟海水中的磨损腐蚀行为。结果表明：3种船舶用钢均发生磨粒磨损，磨痕表面生成分布不同的摩擦膜。其中，921A钢由于具有较高硬度、较稳定的马氏体结构，呈现出最佳的耐磨蚀性能，FH40钢次之，EH40钢最差。虽然由腐蚀直接引起的体积损失在总体积损失中占比较低，但腐蚀能显著加剧钢材的磨损。FH40和EH40钢的腐蚀磨损由纯机械摩擦占主导地位，由腐蚀引发的磨损增量分别占比18.5%和32.8%。921A钢由腐蚀引发的磨损增量占比则是纯机械摩擦占比的两倍，腐蚀加速机械磨损现象明显。

关键词 ：北极航线, 极地船舶, 船用高强钢, 腐蚀磨损, 交互作用

Abstract：

When navigating in polar ice regions, ships are subject simultaneously to both ice friction and seawater corrosion. However, the interaction behavior between wear and corrosion of shipbuilding steels remains unclear. In this study, the corrosion-wear behavior in seawater of three types of shipbuilding steels, EH40, FH40, and 921A was studied via mechanical-electrochemical approach. The results indicate that the three shipbuilding steels all suffered from abrasive wear, while different clusters composed of abrasive dusts and corrosion products co-exist on the worn surfaces. Among them, 921A demonstrated the best wear and corrosion resistance due to its high hardness and stable martensitic structure, followed by FH40, while the EH40 exhibiting the poorest performance. Although the volume loss directly caused by corrosion accounts for a relatively small proportion of the total volume loss, corrosion can significantly accelerate the wear of steel. For FH40 and EH40, the total corrosion wear is dominated by the portion of pure mechanical friction, and the corrosion induced wear increments accounts for 18.5% and 32.8%, respectively. In contrast, the corrosion induced wear increment for 921A was twice the proportion of pure mechanical friction, indicating a marked corrosion acceleration effect on mechanical wear.

Key words： arctic routes polar ships high-strength ship steel corrosion wear interaction

收稿日期: 2024-09-12 32134.14.1005.4537.2024.298

ZTFLH:

TG172

基金资助:中国博士后科学基金(2023M742213);国家资助博士后研究人员计划C档(GZC20231538);国防科工局技术基础项目(JSHS2022206A001)

通讯作者: 刘涛，E-mail：liutao@shmtu.edu.cn，研究方向为极地船舶材料腐蚀与防护

Corresponding author: LIU Tao, E-mail: liutao@shmtu.edu.cn

作者简介: 杨淞普，男，2000年生，硕士生

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表1 EH40、FH40、921A钢的化学成分 (mass fraction / %)

图1 多功能摩擦磨损实验机上模具安装示意图

图2 EH40、FH40、921A钢的XRD图谱和维氏硬度

图3 EH40，FH40和921A钢的微观形貌

图4 OCP下磨蚀后磨痕的平面及三维形貌

图5 OCP下磨蚀后磨痕的截面图及摩擦时的COF曲线

图6 OCP下磨蚀表面的SEM形貌和对应的EDS图像

图7 3种钢在静态和摩擦状态下的动电位极化曲线，以及腐蚀电位与自腐蚀电流密度图

图8 阴极保护电位下摩擦后磨痕的平面及三维形貌

图9 3种钢在阴极保护电位下摩擦时电流密度变化，磨痕轮廓及摩擦系数

图10 3种钢在阴极保护状态下磨痕表面的SEM形貌和对应的EDS图像

图11 3种钢材在OCP下磨损后磨痕表面Fe 2p3/2的高分辨光谱与反卷积分析结果

表2 EH40、FH40、921A钢磨蚀后的各体积损失分量

图12 3种钢磨蚀后各体积损失分量占比柱状图

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