安徽省内电网设备常用Q235和40Cr钢大气腐蚀特性及其规律

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2022.201

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2023, Vol. 43

Issue (3): 535-543 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2022.201 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2022.201

研究报告

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安徽省内电网设备常用Q235和40Cr钢大气腐蚀特性及其规律

李乐民¹, 张洁², 卞亚飞¹, 缪春辉², 陈国宏², 汤文明¹(

)

^1.合肥工业大学材料科学与工程学院合肥 230009
^2.国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院合肥 230601

Atmospheric Corrosion Characteristics and Regularity of the Q235, 40Cr Steels Commonly-used in Power Grid Equipment in Anhui Province

LI Lemin¹, ZHANG Jie², BIAN Yafei¹, MIAO Chunhui², CHEN Guohong², TANG Wenming¹(

)

^1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
^2.Electric Power Research Institute, Anhui Electric Power Co. Ltd., State Grid, Hefei 230601, China

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摘要:

针对在安徽省内代表性变电站站点自然环境下曝露1和3 a后的Q235、40Cr钢试样，开展腐蚀产物、腐蚀层形貌的研究，探讨其大气腐蚀机理。采用失重法获取Q235和40Cr钢试样的腐蚀速率，结合安徽省各相关地市的主要环境因素数据，再采用灰色关联分析方法，研究主要环境因素对1和3 a期Q235、40Cr钢试样大气腐蚀的影响规律。结果表明，Q235和40Cr钢试样大气腐蚀产物为FeOOH、Fe₃O₄、Fe(OH)₃及FeSO₄；腐蚀层表面密布着棉花球状的α-FeOOH，其间分布着片状的γ-FeOOH，腐蚀层结构较致密，但发生层状开裂。安徽省内Q235和40Cr钢试样大气腐蚀等级均在C2和C3等级，两者无明显差别。影响Q235和40Cr钢试样1 a期大气腐蚀的环境因素关联度排序为：NO₂>温度>SO₂>相对湿度>O₃；随着曝露时间延长至3 a，该关联度排序改变为：SO₂、温度>NO₂>相对湿度>O₃。

关键词 ：电网设备钢材, 大气曝露试验, 大气腐蚀, 腐蚀特性, 灰色关联分析

Abstract：

Aimming at the Q235 and 40Cr steel samples exposed in air for 1 and 3 a in typical substations in Anhui province, the products and morphologies of their corrosion layers were investigated, and further the corrosion mechanisms were clarified. The corrosion rate of the steel samples was obtained via the mass-loss method, and then the grey correlation analysis was executed to determine the influences of main environmental factors on atmospheric corrosions of the Q235 and 40Cr steel samples exposed for 1 and 3 a, respectively, through combining with the main environmental factor data of the relevant cities in Anhui province. The results showed that the atmospheric corrosion products of the Q235 and 40Cr steel samples were FeOOH, Fe₃O₄, Fe(OH)₃ and FeSO₄. The corrosion layer is covered by cotton ball-like α-FeOOH and flaky γ-FeOOH. It has a dense structure, but laminar cracking takes place. The atmospheric corrosion grades of the Q235 and 40Cr steels in Anhui province have no significant difference, and both are of C2 and C3. The correlation degree sequence of environmental factors affecting atmospheric corrosion of the Q235 and 40Cr samples exposed for 1 a is: NO₂> temperature >SO₂> relative humidity >O₃. With the exposure time prolonging to 3 a, it is changed to be: SO₂, temperature >NO₂> relative humidity >O₃.

Key words： grid equipment steel atmospheric exposure test atmospheric corrosion corrosion characteristic gray relation analysis

收稿日期: 2022-06-21 32134.14.1005.4537.2022.201

ZTFLH:

TG174

基金资助:国网安徽省电力有限公司科技项目(B1120521001U)

通讯作者: 汤文明，E-mail：wmtang69@126.com，研究方向为材料失效与可靠性评估

Corresponding author: TANG Wenming, E-mail: wmtang69@126.com

作者简介: 李乐民，男，1998年生，硕士生

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引用本文:

李乐民, 张洁, 卞亚飞, 缪春辉, 陈国宏, 汤文明. 安徽省内电网设备常用Q235和40Cr钢大气腐蚀特性及其规律[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2023, 43(3): 535-543.
LI Lemin, ZHANG Jie, BIAN Yafei, MIAO Chunhui, CHEN Guohong, TANG Wenming. Atmospheric Corrosion Characteristics and Regularity of the Q235, 40Cr Steels Commonly-used in Power Grid Equipment in Anhui Province. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2023, 43(3): 535-543.

链接本文:

https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2022.201 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2023/V43/I3/535

表1 大气曝露试验试样投样点及其特征环境

表2 安徽省相关地市曝露实验时间段内的空气质量数据

图1 大气腐蚀3 a后不同站点Q235和40Cr钢试样腐蚀产物XRD谱

图2 大气腐蚀1 a后R1站点Q235和40Cr钢试样表面SEM形貌

图3 大气腐蚀3 a后R1站点Q235和40Cr钢试样表面SEM形貌和EDS谱

图4 R1站点Q235和40Cr钢试样大气腐蚀3 a后的腐蚀层截面SEM形貌及EDS谱

图5 碳钢大气腐蚀机制示意图

表3 安徽省相关地市Q235和40Cr钢试样的腐蚀速率及等级

图6 安徽省相关地市Q235和40Cr钢试样大气腐蚀1和3 a的灰色关联系数曲线

表4 Q235和40Cr钢试样大气腐蚀1和3 a的灰色关联分析结果

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