油套管<strong>CO<sub>2</sub></strong> 腐蚀和防护研究进展

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2023.318

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2024, Vol. 44

Issue (5): 1134-1144 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2023.318 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2023.318

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油套管CO₂ 腐蚀和防护研究进展

杨涛¹, 许磊¹(

), 王建春², 张明程¹, 姚彦博¹, 高国刚¹, 许文忠², 历长云¹

1 中国石油大学(北京)克拉玛依校区工学院克拉玛依 834000
2 新疆德丰亿升石油防腐工程有限公司克拉玛依 834000

Research Progress on CO₂ Corrosion and Protective Countermeasures for Oil Casing

YANG Tao¹, XU Lei¹(

), WANG Jianchun², ZHANG Mingcheng¹, YAO Yanbo¹, GAO Guogang¹, XU Wenzhong², LI Changyun¹

1 Faculty of Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing at Karamay, Karamay 834000, China
2 Xinjiang Defeng Yisheng Oil Anticorrosion Engineering Co., Ltd., Karamay 834000, China

引用本文:

杨涛, 许磊, 王建春, 张明程, 姚彦博, 高国刚, 许文忠, 历长云. 油套管CO₂ 腐蚀和防护研究进展[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2024, 44(5): 1134-1144.
Tao YANG, Lei XU, Jianchun WANG, Mingcheng ZHANG, Yanbo YAO, Guogang GAO, Wenzhong XU, Changyun LI. Research Progress on CO₂ Corrosion and Protective Countermeasures for Oil Casing[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2024, 44(5): 1134-1144.

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摘要:

随着CO₂驱油技术在油田的推广应用，CO₂腐蚀控制是一个亟待解决的问题。CO₂腐蚀容易造成油套管的破坏和失效，研究其腐蚀机制和防腐措施具有重要的经济价值和科学意义。本文介绍了CO₂腐蚀机理，分析了温度、介质流速、pH等因素对CO₂腐蚀速率的影响规律；综合考虑油田开采的实际工况，并结合CO₂腐蚀的影响因素综述了耐腐蚀材料、缓蚀剂、金属镀层等措施的防腐机理与研究进展，讨论了这些措施在实际油田开采应用中的优缺点；众多措施中，非晶态合金镀层可以形成一层耐蚀性能优异的表面钝化膜，有效隔绝腐蚀介质对管道基体的腐蚀，从而提高管道的使用寿命。总结分析可知，金属镀层防腐措施具有较好经济效益与应用前景，并对未来的金属镀层防腐技术研究进行展望。

关键词 ： CO₂腐蚀, 油套管, 防腐措施, 金属镀层

Abstract：

With the popularization and application of CO₂ flooding technology in oilfields, the CO₂ corrosion and corrosion-control becomes an urgent problem to be solved. CO₂ corrosion can easily cause the damage and failure of oil casing, and it is of great economic value and scientific significance to study the relevant corrosion mechanism and anti-corrosion measures. In this paper, the CO₂ corrosion mechanism is introduced, and the influence of temperature, medium flow rate, pH and other factors on the CO₂corrosion rate is analyzed. By taking the actual operation conditions of oilfield exploitation and the influencing factors of CO₂ corrosion into consideration, the research progress of corrosion-resistant materials, corrosion inhibitors, metal plating and other measures are reviewed, and the advantages and disadvantages of these measures in the actual oilfield application are summarized. Among many measures, the amorphous alloy coating is prone to be passivated passivated in operating conditions of oilfields, which may act as an effectively barrier to protect the pipe steel substrate from corrosion attack by corrosive media, thereby enhance the service life of the pipeline. The result of comprehensive analysis shows that the anti-corrosion measures of metal coating have good economic benefits and application prospects, and the future research on anti-corrosion technology of metal coating is prospected.

Key words： CO₂ corrosion oil casing antiseptic measures metal plating

收稿日期: 2023-10-09 32134.14.1005.4537.2023.318

ZTFLH:

TE988.2

基金资助:克拉玛依市科技计划资助项目(20232023hjcxrc0008);2023年自治区研究生创新项目(XJ2023G281)

通讯作者: 许磊，E-mail: 2019592043@cupk.edu.cn，研究方向为材料设计与开发、表面工程、智能检测与智能装备等

Corresponding author: XU Lei, E-mail: 2019592043@cupk.edu.cn

作者简介: 杨涛，男，1997年生，硕士生

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图1 P110钢在不同温度下的腐蚀速率[11]

图2 CO2分压对平均腐蚀速率的影响[18]

图3 20钢在不同pH环境下的腐蚀产物形貌[27]

图4 不同流速下N80碳钢表面腐蚀产物[31]

图5 温度对新型硫脲衍生物TD缓蚀率的影响[38]

图6 新型硫脲衍生物TD对20#碳钢缓蚀效果的SEM图[38]

图7 不同成分的铁铬合金在600℃的CO2中氧化膜界面形貌[43]

图8 阴极性镀层腐蚀过程

图9 不同工艺下Ni-W合金镀层微观形貌[63]

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