高速列车用铝合金环氧底漆的腐蚀行为和湿热老化机理研究

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2024.097

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2025, Vol. 45

Issue (3): 757-764 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2024.097 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2024.097

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高速列车用铝合金环氧底漆的腐蚀行为和湿热老化机理研究

李丽¹, 李善文¹, 史洪微²^,³(

), 梁国平³^,⁴, 李春霖¹, 孙禹¹, 秦晋², 王伟⁴, 韩恩厚³^,⁵

^1.中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司青岛 266111
^2.沈阳工业大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110870
^3.中国科学院金属研究所中国科学院核用材料与安全评价重点实验室沈阳 110016
^4.东北大学材料科学与工程学院材料各向异性与织构教育部重点实验室沈阳 110819
^5.广东腐蚀科学与技术创新研究院广州 510530

Corrosion Behavior and Hydrothermal Aging Mechanism of Epoxy Primer on Al-alloy for High-speed Train

LI Li¹, LI Shanwen¹, SHI Hongwei²^,³(

), LIANG Guoping³^,⁴, LI Chunlin¹, SUN Yu¹, QIN Jin², WANG Wei⁴, HAN En-Hou³^,⁵

^1.Qingdao Sifang Co., Ltd., CRRC, Qingdao 266111, China
^2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
^3.Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
^4.Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
^5.Institute of Corrosion Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510530, China

引用本文:

李丽, 李善文, 史洪微, 梁国平, 李春霖, 孙禹, 秦晋, 王伟, 韩恩厚. 高速列车用铝合金环氧底漆的腐蚀行为和湿热老化机理研究[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2025, 45(3): 757-764.
Li LI, Shanwen LI, Hongwei SHI, Guoping LIANG, Chunlin LI, Yu SUN, Jin QIN, Wei WANG, En-Hou HAN. Corrosion Behavior and Hydrothermal Aging Mechanism of Epoxy Primer on Al-alloy for High-speed Train[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2025, 45(3): 757-764.

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摘要:

采用电化学交流阻抗谱研究了高速列车铝合金表面环氧底漆的腐蚀行为。考察了环氧底漆湿热加速老化不同时间后，涂层表面形貌、光泽和色差的变化，分析了涂层的化学键变化。结果表明，环氧底漆在3.5% (质量分数) NaCl溶液浸泡2160 h之前，低频阻抗值变化不大，环氧底漆具有很好的隔绝保护作用。之后，环氧底漆的防护能力开始下降。湿热老化60 d，环氧底漆由于环氧树脂降解和颜填料脱落，表面逐渐变得粗糙。红外光谱表明，在湿热老化前10 d，由于后固化作用，环氧底漆表面的C-O-C键的伸缩振动吸收峰增强。10 d后，则由于水解作用而逐渐减弱。

关键词 ：环氧底漆, 高强铝合金, 电化学阻抗谱, 湿热老化, Fourier变换红外光谱

Abstract：

A home-made commercial two-component epoxy primer with a ratio of epoxy paint to curing agent 5:1 was applied on a high-strength Al-alloy plate used for high-speed train. Then the corrosion process of the epoxy primer/Al-alloy was studied in 3.5%NaCl solution by electrochemical impedance spectra. The accelerated aging test was carried out via a chamber with humidity of 95% at 60 ℃ for 60 d, after hydrothermal aging for different times, the change in surface morphology, gloss and color difference of the coating was assessed and the change of chemical bonds of epoxy primer was analyzed. The results show that when the coating was immersed in 3.5%NaCl until 2160 h, the impedance spectra changed a little, indicating a good barrier effect. After 2160 h, the protective ability of epoxy primer started to decline. After 60 d of hydrothermal aging, the surface of epoxy primer became rough due to the decomposition of epoxy resin and falling of the pigments and fillers. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra of the epoxy primer show that the peak of C-O-C stretching vibration intensified in the first 10 d due to the post curing and then weakened due to the hydrolysis.

Key words： epoxy primer high-strength Al-alloy electrochemical impedance spectra hydrothermal aging Fourier transform infrared spectra

收稿日期: 2024-03-26 32134.14.1005.4537.2024.097

ZTFLH:

TG172

基金资助:国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4700504)

通讯作者: 史洪微，E-mail：hwshi@sut.edu.cn，研究方向为金属防护涂层

Corresponding author: SHI Hongwei, E-mail: hwshi@sut.edu.cn

作者简介: 李丽，女，1982年生，硕士

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	李丽
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	李春霖
	孙禹
	秦晋
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	韩恩厚
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https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2024.097 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2025/V45/I3/757

图1 环氧底漆/铝合金体系在3.5%NaCl溶液中浸泡不同时间后的Bode图

图2 环氧底漆/铝合金体系的EIS等效电路模型

图3 环氧底漆/铝合金体系在3.5%NaCl溶液中浸泡不同时间后的Bode图及拟合曲线

表1 环氧底漆/铝合金体系在3.5%NaCl溶液中浸泡不同时间后的EIS拟合结果

图4 环氧底漆/铝合金体系在3.5%NaCl溶液中浸泡不同时间后的Rc值

图5 不同老化时间后环氧底漆的表面形貌

图6 经不同时间老化后环氧底漆的光泽度和失光率

图7 经不同时间老化后环氧底漆的色差

表2 环氧树脂中主要官能团的FTIR峰

图8 经不同时间湿热老化后环氧底漆的红外光谱

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