热处理工艺对电子束熔丝沉积<strong>Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo</strong>合金微观组织与腐蚀行为的影响

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2025.290

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2026, Vol. 46

Issue (1): 81-91 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.290 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.290

增材制造与腐蚀专题

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

热处理工艺对电子束熔丝沉积Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo合金微观组织与腐蚀行为的影响

苏宝献¹^,²^,³, 高如心¹, 朱国强¹(

), 姜博涛¹, 王斌斌⁴, 刘琛⁵, 于永生², 王亮¹, 苏彦庆¹

^1.哈尔滨工业大学金属精密热加工国家级重点实验室哈尔滨 150001
^2.哈尔滨工业大学化学与化工学院哈尔滨 150001
^3.华中科技大学材料成形与模具技术全国重点实验室武汉 430074
^4.滨州铝产业先进制造山东省实验室滨州 256606
^5.哈尔滨工业大学物理学院哈尔滨 150001

Effects of Post Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo Alloy Fabricated by Electron Beam Freeform Fabrication

SU Baoxian¹^,²^,³, GAO Ruxin¹, ZHU Guoqiang¹(

), JIANG Botao¹, WANG Binbin⁴, LIU Chen⁵, YU Yongsheng², WANG Liang¹, SU Yanqing¹

^1.National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
^2.School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
^3.State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
^4.Shandong Laboratory of Aluminum Advanced Manufacturing in Binzhou, Binzhou 256606, China
^5.School of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China

引用本文:

苏宝献, 高如心, 朱国强, 姜博涛, 王斌斌, 刘琛, 于永生, 王亮, 苏彦庆. 热处理工艺对电子束熔丝沉积Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo合金微观组织与腐蚀行为的影响[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(1): 81-91.
Baoxian SU, Ruxin GAO, Guoqiang ZHU, Botao JIANG, Binbin WANG, Chen LIU, Yongsheng YU, Liang WANG, Yanqing SU. Effects of Post Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo Alloy Fabricated by Electron Beam Freeform Fabrication[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2026, 46(1): 81-91.

全文: PDF(11762 KB) HTML

摘要:

Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo (Ti80)合金是我国针对海洋工程领域自主研发的一种新型钛合金，然而传统制备成形方法存在工艺复杂、工序长、成本高等问题。以高能电子束为热源、金属丝为原材料、在真空环境下快速沉积的电子束熔丝沉积技术，非常适合高熔点、高活性钛合金的高质量快速成形。本文采用电子束熔丝沉积技术制备了Ti80合金，并对其进行了3种不同工艺的热处理，详细分析了热处理制度对电子束熔丝沉积Ti80合金微观组织和腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明，经不同热处理制度处理后的合金均主要由α相构成，然而组织形态具有显著差异，热处理之后分别获得了3种合金分别具有粗网篮组织、全片层组织和层级组织，它们不同于传统锻态合金的等轴组织。电化学测试结果表明层级组织的耐腐蚀性能最好，全片层组织次之，粗网篮组织最差, 但仍优于锻态合金，这与合金表面形成的氧化膜的厚度密切相关。本文研究结果为通过调整热处理工艺调控钛合金的微观组织进而改善其耐腐蚀性能提供了理论依据。

关键词 ：热处理, 电子束熔丝沉积, 钛合金, 微观组织, 耐腐蚀性能

Abstract：

Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo (Ti80) alloy is a novel home-made Ti-alloy for marine engineering applications. However, conventional forming methods for Ti-alloys present challenges, including complex processes, lengthy procedures, and high costs, etc. Electron beam freeform fabrication (EBF³) technology, utilizing a high-energy electron beam as the heat source and metal wires as raw material for rapid deposition in vacuum conditions, is well-suited for the high-quality rapid forming of highly reactive Ti-alloys ofhigh melting points. Herein, Ti80 alloy was fabricated by using the EBF³ technique. Meanwhile, the influence of post-heat treatment procedures on the microstructure, and the corrosion behavior in 3.5%NaCl solution of the prepared Ti80 alloy was assessed by means of XRD, SEM+EBSD as well as electrochemical measurements. The results reveal that the microstructures of all the Ti80 alloys subjected to three different post-heat treatments are predominantly composed of the α phase, but with three distinct microstructural morphologies: coarse basket weave, fully lamellar and hierarchical structures, respectively, which contrast significantly with the traditional forged state ones (equiaxed structure). Among others, the hierarchical microstructure exhibits the highest corrosion resistance, followed by the fully lamellar microstructure. The coarse basket-weave microstructure demonstrates the lowest corrosion resistance but still outperformed the wrought alloy. The differences in the corrosion resistance are closely related to the thickness of the passivation films formed on the alloys surface. The findings of this study provide a reference for enhancing corrosion resistance by adjusting the heat treatment process to regulate the microstructure for Ti-alloys.

Key words： heat treatment electron beam freeform fabrication titanium alloy microstructure corrosion behavior

收稿日期: 2025-09-11 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.290

ZTFLH:

TG174

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(52401040);材料成形与模具技术全国重点实验室开放基金(P2024-015);黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2024E024);中央高校基本科研业务费，中国博士后科学基金(2025T181140);中央高校基本科研业务费，中国博士后科学基金(2023M740896);黑龙江省博士后面上资助(LBH-Z23168)

通讯作者: 朱国强，E-mail：zhugqhit@163.com，研究方向为金属材料增材制造

作者简介: 苏宝献，工学博士，副研究员，硕士导师，哈尔滨工业大学材料学院金属精密热加工国家级重点实验室。入选第十届中国科协青年人才托举工程、国家资助博士后研究人员计划（B档）、黑龙江省科技总师。主要从事先进金属材料增材制造、高熔点高活性合金熔凝理论与技术、金属材料极端环境服役行为等研究。近年来，在Corrosion Science、International Journal of Plasticity、Additive Manufacturing、Advanced Science、Journal of Materials Science & Technology 等期刊发表学术论文63篇，高被引论文1篇，申请/授权国家发明专利36项、软件著作权2项，参编专著1部。主持国家自然科学基金青年科学基金、国家重点研发计划子课题、GF基础科研计划、云南省重大科技专项计划、中国博士后科学基金特别资助等项目10余项。担任黑龙江省机械工程学会增材制造专委会委员，Corrosion Communications、《中国腐蚀与防护学报》及China Foundry 等期刊青年编委。荣获NFSOC（中国有色金属学会）博士论文卓越计划、首届黑龙江省博士后创新创业大赛银奖等。
朱国强，本科就读于大连交通大学，后保研至哈尔滨工业大学材料学院并获得优秀毕业生称号，哈尔滨工业大学材料学院2022 级博士在读，致力于增材制造高质量钛合金快速成形。在International Journal of Plasticity、Additive Manufacturing 等期刊发表学术论文15 篇（第1作者6篇），申请/授权国家发明专利10项；博士期间荣获国家奖学金、哈尔滨工业大学三好学生、优秀学生等称号，并先后获得中国研究生双碳竞赛全国二等奖、中国国际大学生创新与创意大赛黑龙江赛区铜奖以及首届黑龙江省博士后创新创业大赛银奖等国家/省级荣誉。

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	苏宝献
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https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2025.290 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2026/V46/I1/81

图1 电子束熔丝沉积过程示意图

图2 热处理方案示意图[18]

图3 锻态合金和热处理-EBF3合金的XRD图

图4 锻态合金和热处理-EBF3合金的微观组织

图5 锻态合金和热处理-EBF3合金的EBSD反极图

图6 锻态合金和热处理-EBF3合金的极图

图7 锻态合金和热处理-EBF3合金的OCP测试结果

图8 锻态合金和热处理-EBF3合金的动电位极化曲线PDP测量结果

图9 锻态合金和热处理-EBF3合金的EIS图谱

图10 拟合EIS所采用的等效电路

表1 锻态合金和热处理-EBF3合金的等效电路拟合参数

图11 锻态合金和热处理-EBF3合金的Rp和d

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