增材制造与铸造钛铝合金的微观组织及高温氧化行为对比研究

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2025.133

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2026, Vol. 46

Issue (1): 71-80 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.133 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.133

增材制造与腐蚀专题

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

增材制造与铸造钛铝合金的微观组织及高温氧化行为对比研究

祝丁丁, 赵希雅, 张晓美, 梅子期, 逯文君, 王帅(

)

南方科技大学机械与能源工程系深圳 518055

Comparative Characterization of Microstructure and High-temperature Oxidation Behavior of Additive Manufacturing and Casting TiAl Alloy

ZHU Dingding, ZHAO Xiya, ZHANG Xiaomei, MEI Ziqi, LU Wenjun, WANG Shuai(

)

Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China

引用本文:

祝丁丁, 赵希雅, 张晓美, 梅子期, 逯文君, 王帅. 增材制造与铸造钛铝合金的微观组织及高温氧化行为对比研究[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(1): 71-80.
Dingding ZHU, Xiya ZHAO, Xiaomei ZHANG, Ziqi MEI, Wenjun LU, Shuai WANG. Comparative Characterization of Microstructure and High-temperature Oxidation Behavior of Additive Manufacturing and Casting TiAl Alloy[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2026, 46(1): 71-80.

全文: PDF(23327 KB) HTML

摘要:

对铸造与光-电复合增材制造Ti-43.5Al-4Nb-1Mo-0.1B (TNM)合金的微观组织及高温抗氧化性能进行研究。微观组织分析表明：铸造TNM合金主要由粗大α₂-Ti₃Al + γ-TiAl片层组织和少量β₀-TiAl相构成，平均晶粒尺寸15.56 μm；而增材制造试样以网篮α₂-Ti₃Al+细小γ-TiAl和少量β₀-TiAl为主，晶粒尺寸显著细化至2.45 μm。900 ℃氧化实验显示，增材制造试样TNM合金氧化速率大于铸造样品，且铸造样品在氧化24 h后在氧化层/基体界面会生成保护性Z相(Ti₅Al₃O₂)。两种工艺制备的合金氧化行为差异主要归因于：增材制造试样细晶结构产生高密度晶界，加速基体内金属离子向外扩散和氧的向内扩散；相较于铸造样品，增材制造在氧化层/基体界面无法形成具有保护作用的Z相，加剧了合金的氧化速率。

关键词 ：增材制造, TiAl合金, 高温氧化, Z相

Abstract：

The microstructure and high-temperature oxidation resistance of two TiAl based Ti-43.5Al-4Nb-1Mo-0.1B alloys with addition of Nb and Mo (TNM) are comparatively assessed, which are prepared by casting and laser-electric hybrid additive-manufacturing (AM) respectively. Microstructural analysis indicates that: the cast TNM alloy is mainly composed of coarse lamellar α₂-Ti₃Al + γ-TiAl structureand a small amount of β₀-TiAl phase, with an average grain size of 15.56 μm; while the AM alloy is mainly composed of basket-weave α₂-Ti₃Al + fine γ-TiAl and a small amount of β₀-TiAl, and the grain size is significantly refined to 2.45 μm. The 900 °C oxidation test shows that the oxidation rate of the AM TNM alloy is higher than that of the cast ones, and a protective Z-phase (Ti₅Al₃O₂) is formed at the oxide layer/matrix interface of the cast alloy after oxidation for 20 h. The difference in oxidation behavior between the two alloys may be mainly attributed to: the fine-grained structure of the AM alloy generates a high density of grain boundaries, accelerating the outward diffusion of metal ions in the matrix and the inward diffusion of oxygen; compared with the cast ones, the AM alloy cannot form a protective Z-phase at the oxide scale/matrix interface, which aggravates the oxidation rate of the alloy.

Key words： additive manufacturing TiAl alloy high-temperature oxidation Z-phase

收稿日期: 2025-05-02 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.133

ZTFLH:

TG174

基金资助:国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4600700);深圳市科技创新委员会项目(KJZD20240903101400001);深圳市发展和改革委员会项目(XMHT20240115003);中国博士后科学基金(2024M761298)

通讯作者: 王帅，E-mail：wangs@sustech.edu.cn，研究方向为特种金属的增材制造

作者简介: 祝丁丁，现任南方科技大学博士后（合作导师：王帅研究员），主要从事材料表面工程领域的学术研究。2023 年于湘潭大学获材料科学与工程博士学位。研究方向聚焦于耐高温材料（钛合金、镍基合金）表面改性技术、金属表面抗磨损耐腐蚀涂层制备技术开发，以及涂层、金属失效分析的原子级表征与机理研究。现主持中国博士后面上项目，作为骨干成员参与国家重点研发计划“增材制造与激光制造”青年科学家项目、国家自然科学基金面上项目等科研项目。在耐腐蚀涂层制备、失效分析等领域发表SCI学术论文28篇，其中第一作者8篇，成果见于Acta Materialia、Corrosion Science、Nano Research、Advanced Functional Materials等国际知名期刊。
王帅，现任南方科技大学长聘副教授（正高）、博士生导师，入选国家级高层次青年人才计划、深圳市“孔雀计划”B类人才。2010 年获于北海道大学博士学位。长期致力于“金属失效及其控制”研究，在氢脆理论、抗失效制造原理、光电复合增材技术等方面取得了系列成果，先后主持国自然青年/面上、国家重点研发计划青年科学家等竞争性科研项目。在相关领域以第一/通讯作者发表SCI/EI 论文41篇，其中有12篇发表在金属材料顶刊Acta Materialia。连续入选斯坦福大学全球前2%顶尖科学家榜单。担任《中国腐蚀与防护学报》、Corrosion Communications 等学术杂志青年编委。曾获中国腐蚀与防护学会科学技术奖二等奖、南科大“良师益友”奖、“优秀研究生导师”、青年教师教学竞赛一等奖、优秀教学奖等。

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https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2025.133 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2026/V46/I1/71

图1 光-电复合增材制备TNM TiAl合金示意图

表1 增材制造前后试样化学成分对比 (atomic fraction / %)

图2 铸态和增材制造TNM样品的EBSD表征

图3 铸造和增材制造TNM合金的微观组织表征

图4 铸造和增材制造的TNM合金在900 ℃大气中氧化后的表面形貌SEM图(图中dA为氧化物平均晶粒尺寸)

图5 铸造和增材制造的TNM合金在900 ℃大气中氧化后横截面SEM以及TEM图

图6 增材制造和铸造TNM合金在900 ℃氧化后的横截面氧化层厚度以及氧化增重随时间变化氧化动力学曲线(误差棒表示基于多次测量的标准偏差不确定度，实线为抛物线方程拟合结果)

图7 铸造和增材制造TNM合金氧化24和48 h后氧化层/基体界面的SEM-BSE图像

表2 图7中铸造与增材制造TNM合金在900 ℃氧化24 h后局部区域(红点处)的化学成分 (atomic fraction / %)

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