成型方向及热处理对选区激光熔化<strong>Ti6Al4V</strong>合金腐蚀性能的影响

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2024.220

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2025, Vol. 45

Issue (4): 995-1004 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2024.220 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2024.220

研究报告

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成型方向及热处理对选区激光熔化Ti6Al4V合金腐蚀性能的影响

张珊珊¹^,², 刘元才¹, 徐铁伟¹(

), 杨发展¹^,²

1 青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院青岛 266520
2 工业流体节能与污染控制教育部重点实验室青岛 266520

Effect of Build-up Direction and Annealing on Corrosion Properties of Selected Laser Melting Ti6Al4V Alloy

ZHANG Shanshan¹^,², LIU Yuancai¹, XU Tiewei¹(

), YANG Fazhan¹^,²

1 School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
2 Key Lab of Industrial Fluid Energy Conservation and Pollution Control, Qingdao 266520, China

引用本文:

张珊珊, 刘元才, 徐铁伟, 杨发展. 成型方向及热处理对选区激光熔化Ti6Al4V合金腐蚀性能的影响[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2025, 45(4): 995-1004.
Shanshan ZHANG, Yuancai LIU, Tiewei XU, Fazhan YANG. Effect of Build-up Direction and Annealing on Corrosion Properties of Selected Laser Melting Ti6Al4V Alloy[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2025, 45(4): 995-1004.

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摘要:

研究选区激光熔化(Selective laser melting，SLM) Ti6Al4V合金的成型方向及热处理对其在Hanks体液中腐蚀性能的影响。针对不同状态SLM-Ti6Al4V合金的微观组织结构，借助电化学方法跟踪其在Hanks体液中的腐蚀钝化行为，从α/α′相含量、尺寸和取向分布等因素揭示不同状态合金在医用环境中耐腐蚀性能差异的机理。结果表明，成型方向和后续热处理对SLM-Ti6Al4V合金微观组织结构的影响导致了其腐蚀行为的差异。800 ℃以下热处理合金的XZ面耐腐蚀性优于XY面，表现出明显的各向异性，且随热处理温度的升高α/α′相尺寸增大，耐腐蚀性逐渐下降，各向异性减弱。800 ℃及以下热处理SLM-Ti6Al4V合金的腐蚀以点蚀为主，900 ℃及以上热处理合金的腐蚀机制为沿晶界腐蚀。800 ℃热处理合金的α/α′相尺寸及界面密度与成型态相当，表现出良好的耐腐蚀能力。

关键词 ：激光成型, 钛合金, 各向异性, 腐蚀行为, 模拟体液

Abstract：

The influence of build-up direction and post annealing treatment on corrosion properties of the selective laser melting (SLM) Ti6Al4V alloy were investigated in terms of its microstructure evolution and corrosion performance versus processing conditions. The passivation and corrosion behavior of the SLM alloy with different morphology of α/α′ phases was assessed in Hanks solution. The build-up directions and post annealing treatments of the SLM-Ti6Al4V alloy significantly result in differences of its corrosion resistance in Hanks solution. The corrosion resistance in the XZ plane of the SLM-Ti6Al4V alloy heat-treated below 800 ℃ is better than that of the XY plane, showing obvious anisotropy. The size of the α/α′ phase increases with the increasing annealing temperatures, correspondingly, the anisotropy of the corrosion resistance weakens. The SLM-Ti6Al4V alloy after annealing at temperatures below 800 ℃ presents the pitting corrosion, but the corrosion along boundaries in the alloy after annealing at temperatures above 900 ℃. The excellent corrosion resistance was obtained for the alloy annealed at 800 ℃ due to a desired α/α′ phase size and the density of boundaries.

Key words： laser forming Ti-alloy anisotropy corrosion behavior simulated body fluid

收稿日期: 2024-07-24 32134.14.1005.4537.2024.220

ZTFLH:

TG146.2

基金资助:山东省自然科学基金(ZR2024ME184);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020ME006);山东省重点研发计划(2018GGX102027)

通讯作者: 徐铁伟，E-mail：twxu@163.com，研究方向为医用金属材料的组织结构及性能

Corresponding author: XU Tiewei, E-mail: twxu@163.com

作者简介: 张珊珊，女，1983年生，博士生

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https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2024.220 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2025/V45/I4/995

图1 SLM成型粉的形貌、粉末的粒径分布、SLM建造方向及实验取样示意图

图2 模拟体液中的SLM-Ti6Al4V合金腐蚀性能测试装置示意图

图3 不同热处理状态垂直和平行BD方向SLM-Ti6Al4V合金的OIM

图4 不同热处理状态垂直和平行BD方向SLM-Ti6Al4V合金的α/α′相比例和相尺寸

图5 不同状态SLM-Ti6Al4V合金的XRD图谱

图6 不同状态SLM-Ti6Al4V合金在Hanks溶液中的动电位极化曲线

图7 不同状态SLM-Ti6Al4V合金在Hanks溶液中的Ecorr和Icorr

图8 不同状态SLM-Ti6Al4V合金在Hanks溶液中的EIS谱

图9 Hanks溶液中SLM-Ti6Al4V合金的EIS拟合的等效电路图

表1 不同状态SLM-Ti6Al4V合金的EIS等效电路中部分元件参数

图10 Hanks溶液中SLM-Ti6Al4V合金自然腐蚀的表面钝化膜Ti元素的XPS谱图

图11 不同状态SLM-Ti6Al4VE合金在Hanks溶液中腐蚀后的表面形貌

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