高熵合金耐蚀性研究进展

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2023.391

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2024, Vol. 44

Issue (5): 1100-1116 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2023.391 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2023.391

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高熵合金耐蚀性研究进展

程永贺¹^,², 付俊伟²^,³(

), 赵茂密², 沈云军¹

1 广西民族大学化学化工学院南宁 530006
2 广西科学院海洋腐蚀防护研究院南宁 530007
3 中国科学院海洋研究所海洋环境腐蚀与生物污损重点实验室海洋关键材料重点实验室青岛 266071

Research Progress on Corrosion Resistance of High-entropy Alloys

CHENG Yonghe¹^,², FU Junwei²^,³(

), ZHAO Maomi², SHEN Yunjun¹

1 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning 530006, China
2 Marine Corrosion Protection Research Institute of Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530007, China
3 Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China

引用本文:

程永贺, 付俊伟, 赵茂密, 沈云军. 高熵合金耐蚀性研究进展[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2024, 44(5): 1100-1116.
Yonghe CHENG, Junwei FU, Maomi ZHAO, Yunjun SHEN. Research Progress on Corrosion Resistance of High-entropy Alloys[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2024, 44(5): 1100-1116.

全文: PDF(17157 KB) HTML

摘要:

和传统合金材料相比，高熵合金具有更优异的耐腐蚀、高温耐磨损以及综合力学性能等，在一些苛刻环境下具有极大的潜在应用价值，因此受到了越来越多的关注。本文聚焦于高熵合金的耐蚀性能。首先，重点讨论了常用的合金元素对BCC、FCC、BCC + FCC和HCP晶体结构的高熵合金在NaCl、酸性溶液介质中耐蚀性能的影响规律。其次，简要说明了金属元素之间的相互作用对高熵合金耐蚀性能产生的影响。讨论了晶粒尺寸、位错密度和晶体结构等微观特征对高熵合金耐蚀性的影响规律，增大晶粒尺寸或减少位错密度，有助于提高其耐蚀性。最后，总结了几种改善高熵合金耐蚀性能的方法，如热处理、阳极处理和添加缓蚀剂等技术，并对高熵合金未来的发展提出了建议和展望。

关键词 ：高熵合金, 耐蚀性能, 苛刻环境, 微观组织, 合金元素

Abstract：

Compared with traditional alloys, high-entropy alloys display bettercorrosion resistance, high-temperature wear resistance and comprehensive mechanical properties. Thus, high-entropy alloys can find their applications in some harsh environments where traditional alloys may not satisfy the requirements. This work focuses on the corrosion resistance of high-entropy alloys. The influence of commonly used alloying elements on the corrosion resistance of high-entropy alloys with BCC, FCC, FCC+BCC and HCP crystal structures in sodium chloride and acidic solution media was discussed. The effect of the interaction between metal elements on corrosion resistance of high-entropy alloys was briefly explained. The influence of grain size, dislocation density, and crystal structure on the corrosion resistance of high-entropy alloys was also discussed. The results show that the corrosion resistance of high-entropy alloys can be improved by increasing grain size or reducing dislocation density. Several methods for improving the corrosion resistance of high-entropy alloys such as heat treatment and anodizing treatment, as well as application of corrosion inhibitor, were summarized. Finally, suggestions and prospects for the future development of high-entropy alloys were put forward.

Key words： high-entropy alloy corrosion resistance harsh environment microstructure alloy element

收稿日期: 2023-12-20 32134.14.1005.4537.2023.391

ZTFLH:

TG174.2

基金资助:中国科学院海洋研究所启动经费项目(E12822101Q);广西重点研发计划(桂科AB23026059)

通讯作者: 付俊伟，E-mail: hitfujw@163.com，研究方向为金属材料的组织及性能控制、金属材料的腐蚀原理及防腐技术、高性能金属材料的设计及制备

Corresponding author: FU Junwei, E-mail: hitfujw@163.com

作者简介: 程永贺，女，1999年生，硕士生

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图1 VEC与各种HEAs系统的FCC、BCC相稳定性之间的关系[37]

图2 在3.5%NaCl溶液中极化后Al2 - x CoCrFeNiTi xHEAs的表面形貌[42]

图3 铸态Al2-x CoCrFeNiTi x HEAs的Nyquist图、Bode图以及用于相应的等效电路图[42]

表1 3种合金在0.5 mol/L H2SO4溶液中的Ecorr, Icorr, Ipass和Epit值[48]

图4 Co x CrCuFeMnNi HEAs在3.5%NaCl溶液中的动电位极化曲线[53]

表2 Co x CrCuFeMnNi HEAs在3.5%NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性能参数[53]

图5 FeCoCrNiMox合金在1 mol/L NaCl中极化600和1800 s后的阳极溶解形态的SEM和3D图像[57]

表3 FCC结构HEAs在3.5%NaCl溶液中的电化学参数

图6 Al x CoCrFeNi合金的BSE图像和EBSD相图[65,66]

图7 Al x CoCrFeNiCu HEAs在10%HNO3溶液中浸泡24 h后的腐蚀形貌[70]

表4 FCC + BCC结构HEAs在3.5%NaCl溶液中的电化学参数

表5 FCC + BCC结构HEAs在酸性溶液中的电化学参数

表6 CrFeCoNiTi x 在海水中的腐蚀速率[90]

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