<strong>NiCoCrFeNb<sub>0.45</sub></strong> 共晶高熵合金在水力机械中的抗空蚀性能研究

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2022.288

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2023, Vol. 43

Issue (5): 1079-1086 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2022.288 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2022.288

研究报告

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NiCoCrFeNb_0.45 共晶高熵合金在水力机械中的抗空蚀性能研究

王凯¹, 李晨沛², 卢金玲¹(

), 王振江¹, 王维¹

^1.西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室西安 710048
^2.西安航天动力研究所液体火箭发动机技术重点实验室西安 710010

Cavitation Resistance of NiCoCrFeNb_0.45 Eutectic High Entropy Alloy for Hydraulic Machinery

WANG Kai¹, LI Chenpei², LU Jinling¹(

), WANG Zhenjiang¹, WANG Wei¹

^1.State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
^2.Science and Technology on Liquid Rocket Engine Laboratory, Xi'an Aerospace Propulsion Institute, Xi'an 710010, China

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摘要:

构建了喷射式空蚀实验装置，开展了新型共晶高熵合金NiCoCrFeNb_0.45的抗空蚀性能测试，利用灰度共生矩阵和二值化图像方法，开发了基于图像智能识别的空蚀损伤新型表征方法，实现了空蚀分布形态的数字化分析和空蚀局部损伤的微观评估。结果表明：NiCoCrFeNb_0.45的空蚀损伤机制为空泡溃灭造成的形变坑以及加工硬化造成的疲劳裂纹；NiCoCrFeNb_0.45的双相共晶组织包含了高硬度的Laves相和高韧性的FCC相，实现了高硬度和高韧性的平衡，相比04Cr13Ni5Mo和45钢具有更优异的抗空蚀性能；利用灰度共生矩阵提取的空蚀图像标准差、能量值和熵值等特征参数表明NiCoCrFeNb_0.45空蚀损伤形态分布最为简单，空蚀程度最轻；图像二值化方法可获取材料表面大规模蚀坑群的分布规律，NiCoCrFeNb_0.45的空蚀率为8.1%，显著低于另两种材料。该研究为水力机械的空蚀损伤评估及材料防护提供了新的理论参考。

关键词 ：水力机械, 抗空蚀材料, 图像识别, 共晶高熵合金, 损伤评估

Abstract：

The cavitation resistance of a new eutectic high entropy alloy NiCoCrFeNb_0.45 was assessed via a home-made jet cavitation experimental device. While a new characterization method for cavitation damage, based on image intelligent recognition, was developed by using gray level co-occurrence matrix and binary image method. Therewith, the digital analysis of cavitation damage distribution and the microscopic assessment of local cavitation damage could be realized. The results show that the primary cavitation damage mechanism of NiCoCrFeNb_0.45 is the deformable pits caused by repeated cavitation collapse, as well as the fatigue cracks induced by the work hardening. The dual-phase eutectic structure of NiCoCrFeNb_0.45 is composed of Laves phase with high hardness and FCC phase with high toughness, which achieves the balance between high hardness and high toughness. As a result, NiCoCrFeNb_0.45 has a superior cavitation damage resistance, compared with 04Cr13Ni5Mo and 45 steel. The characteristic parameters, such as standard deviation, energy value and entropy value of cavitation image, are extracted by gray level co-occurrence matrix, and these parameters show that the distribution of cavitation damage for NiCoCrFeNb_0.45 is the simplest, and the degree of cavitation damage is the lowest. The image binarization method could help to obtain the regularity of distribution of large-scale pits on the material surface. The cavitation damage ratio of NiCoCrFeNb_0.45 is 8.1%, which is significantly lower than that of the other two materials. This study provides a new reference for cavitation damage assessment and material protection for hydraulic machinery.

Key words： hydraulic machinery anti-cavitation material image recognition eutectic high entropy alloy damage evaluation

收稿日期: 2022-09-16 32134.14.1005.4537.2022.288

ZTFLH:

TH312

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(51879216);国家自然科学基金(51906200);国家自然科学基金(51906201);陕西省教育厅重点实验室科研计划项目(19JS045)

通讯作者: 卢金玲，E-mail: jinling_lu@163.com，研究方向为能源装备流动安全评估与防护研究

Corresponding author: LU Jinling, E-mail: jinling_lu@163.com

作者简介: 王凯，男，1991年生，博士，讲师

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引用本文:

王凯, 李晨沛, 卢金玲, 王振江, 王维. NiCoCrFeNb_0.45 共晶高熵合金在水力机械中的抗空蚀性能研究[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2023, 43(5): 1079-1086.
WANG Kai, LI Chenpei, LU Jinling, WANG Zhenjiang, WANG Wei. Cavitation Resistance of NiCoCrFeNb_0.45 Eutectic High Entropy Alloy for Hydraulic Machinery. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2023, 43(5): 1079-1086.

链接本文:

https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2022.288 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2023/V43/I5/1079

图1 喷射空蚀实验装置

图2 喷嘴结构示意图

图3 3种材料的空蚀粗糙度

图4 3种材料空蚀后表面形貌

图5 NiCoCrFeNb0.45表面的损伤特征

图6 试件表面的灰度值分布规律

Material	Standard deviation	$E e n e r g y$	$E e n t r o p y$
NiCoCrFeNb_0.45	26.897	0.016	6.458
04Cr13Ni5Mo	29.661	0.012	6.783
45 steel	50.126	0.008	7.289

表1 空蚀形貌灰度特征值提取结果

图7 3种材料的三维空蚀形貌

图8 3种材料表面的蚀坑面积分布

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