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中国腐蚀与防护学报  2021, Vol. 41 Issue (6): 737-747    DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2020.211
  综合评述 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 |
管线钢土壤应力腐蚀开裂研究进展及展望
余德远1, 刘智勇1, 杜翠薇1, 黄辉2(), 林楠2
1.北京科技大学 国家材料腐蚀与防护科学数据中心腐蚀与防护教育部重点实验室 北京 100083
2.中国特种设备检测研究院 北京 100029
Research Progress and Prospect of Stress Corrosion Cracking of Pipeline Steel in Soil Environments
YU Deyuan1, LIU Zhiyong1, DU Cuiwei1, HUANG Hui2(), LIN Nan2
1.National Materials Corrosion & Protection Data Center, Key Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection of the Ministry of Education (MOE), University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2.China Special Equipment Inspection & Research Institute, Beijing 100029, China
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摘要: 

综述了埋地管线钢在管道外部环境中开裂机理的研究进展，总结了材料因素 (合金元素、显微组织、夹杂物) 、环境因素 (外加电位、pH、温度、侵蚀性离子) 和应力因素 (残余应力、载荷类型、应变速率) 对管线钢SCC行为和机理的影响规律，梳理了两类典型pH SCC机理的形成过程，讨论了经典裂纹扩展速率预测模型的先进性和局限性，最后针对研究存在的不足展望了埋地管线钢SCC未来的研究方向。
关键词 ： 管线钢,  应力腐蚀开裂,  土壤环境    
Abstract：

In this article, the research progress of the cracking mechanism of buried pipelines steel in external environment of the pipeline was firstly introduced. Then, the effect of various factors such as the material factors (alloying elements, microstructure, inclusions), environmental factors (applied potential, pH, temperature, corrosive ions), and stress factors (residual stress, load type, strain rate) on the SCC behavior and mechanism of pipeline steel was summarized in detail. After that, the development history of the relevant mechanisms of the two type pH SCC, namely high pH-SCC and near-neutral pH-SCC, have been in retrospect, it follows that the mechanism of the former is anodic dissolution (AD), but the latter is controlled by anodic dissolution and hydrogen embrittlement (AD+HE). Next, the advancement and limitations of the classical prediction model for cracks growth rate of SCC were discussed. Finally, the future research direction for SCC of buried pipelines is prospected in terms of the shortcomings related with the current research, therefore, it is expected to provide reference for the development of advanced SCC-resistant pipeline steel.
Key words： pipeline steel    stress corrosion cracking    soil environment
收稿日期: 2020-11-26     
ZTFLH:  TG174  
基金资助:国家重点研发计划(2017YFF0210404)
通讯作者: 黄辉     E-mail: huanghui@126.com
Corresponding author: HUANG Hui     E-mail: huanghui@126.com
作者简介: 余德远，男，1995年生，硕士生
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引用本文:

余德远, 刘智勇, 杜翠薇, 黄辉, 林楠. 管线钢土壤应力腐蚀开裂研究进展及展望[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2021, 41(6): 737-747.
Deyuan YU, Zhiyong LIU, Cuiwei DU, Hui HUANG, Nan LIN. Research Progress and Prospect of Stress Corrosion Cracking of Pipeline Steel in Soil Environments. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2021, 41(6): 737-747.

链接本文:

https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2020.211      或      https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2021/V41/I6/737

图1  澳大利亚天然气集输管道M12线典型IGSCC案例[3]
FactorHigh pH SCC (Classical)Near-neutral pH SCC (Non-classical)
LocationThe typical occurrence is within 20 km from the compression station, and the number of failures decreases with increasing distance from the compression station and decreasing temperature65 per cent occurred between the compressor station, 12 per cent occurred between the 1st and 2nd valves, 5 per cent occurred between the 2nd and 3rd valves, 18 per cent occurred downstream of the third valve
ElectrolyteConcentrated carbonate-bicarbonate solution with an alkaline pH greater than 9.3Dilute bicarbonate solution with a neutral pH in the range of 5.5 to 7.5
Electrochemicalpotential-600 to -750 mV (Cu/CuSO4) at room temperature, and as the temperature of the solution increases, the SCC susceptible potential range becomes widerAt free corrosion potential: -760 to -790 mV (Cu/CuSO4), where cathodic protection does not reach pipe surface at SCC sites
TemperatureGrowth rate decreases exponentially with temperature decreaseNo apparent correlation with temperature of pipe but appear to occur in the colder climates where CO2 concentration in groundwater is higher
Crack path and morphologyPrimarily intergranular, narrow, tight cracks with no evidence of secondary corrosion of the crack wallPrimarily transgranular (across the steel grains), wide cracks with evidence of substantial corrosion of crack side wall
表1  管线钢两类典型pH SCC特征比较[7]
图2  管线钢中夹杂物及显微组织对SCC微裂纹萌生及扩展的影响[30,32,39]
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