高放射性核废料钛储罐深地质环境中氢吸收及氢脆研究进展

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2019.182

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2020, Vol. 40

Issue (6): 485-494 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2019.182

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高放射性核废料钛储罐深地质环境中氢吸收及氢脆研究进展

张琦超¹^,²^,³^,⁴, 黄彦良¹^,²^,⁴(

), 许勇¹^,²^,³^,⁴, 杨丹¹^,²^,³^,⁴, 路东柱¹^,²^,⁴

1.中国科学院海洋研究所中国科学院海洋环境腐蚀与生物污损重点实验室青岛 266071
2.青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋腐蚀与防护开放工作室青岛 266237
3.中国科学院大学北京 100049
4.中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心青岛 266071

Research Progress on Hydrogen Absorption and Embrittlement of Titanium and Its Alloy for High-level Nuclear Waste Container in Deep Geological Disposal Environment

ZHANG Qichao¹^,²^,³^,⁴, HUANG Yanliang¹^,²^,⁴(

), XU Yong¹^,²^,³^,⁴, YANG Dan¹^,²^,³^,⁴, LU Dongzhu¹^,²^,⁴

1. CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Environment of Corrosion and Bio-fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
2. Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
4. Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China

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摘要:

介绍了Ti及其合金发生氢脆可能的深地质环境因素，分别论述了H在Ti中扩散，Ti发生氢脆的实质及机理，总结了多种钛合金的临界氢浓度，分析了深地质环境下Ti储罐发生氢脆的可能性。最后对研究Ti储罐在深地质环境中氢脆问题进行了展望。

关键词 ：高放核废料, Ti, 氢吸收, 氢脆, TiH_x

Abstract：

As the first barrier for deep geological disposal of high-level nuclear waste (HLNW), HLNW containers are of great significance. Because of the superior corrosion resistance, Ti is one of the candidates. Once the oxygen in the repository is depleted, the cathodic process supporting Ti corrosion is mainly H⁺ reduction. Therefore, Ti and its alloys are likely to suffer from hydrogen embrittlement (HE), which in turn greatly shortens their service life. The environmental factors, which may induce HE for Ti and its alloy during deep geological disposal, were introduced. The hydrogen diffusion and the relevant mechanism of HE for Ti and Ti-alloys are discussed in the article. Furthermore, the relevant information of critical hydrogen concentrations of various Ti-alloys was also summerized, which is a useful index for predicting whether HE may happen or not. The possibility of hydrogen embrittlement for Ti container in deep geological environment was analyzed. Finally, the future research trend on HE of Ti container in deep geological disposal environment is expected briefly.

Key words： high-level nuclear waste Ti hydrogen absorption hydrogen embrittlement TiH_x

收稿日期: 2019-10-18

ZTFLH:

TG178

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(51471160)

通讯作者: 黄彦良 E-mail: hyl@qdio.ac.cn

Corresponding author: HUANG Yanliang E-mail: hyl@qdio.ac.cn

作者简介: 张琦超，男，1992年生，博士生

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引用本文:

张琦超, 黄彦良, 许勇, 杨丹, 路东柱. 高放射性核废料钛储罐深地质环境中氢吸收及氢脆研究进展[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2020, 40(6): 485-494.
Qichao ZHANG, Yanliang HUANG, Yong XU, Dan YANG, Dongzhu LU. Research Progress on Hydrogen Absorption and Embrittlement of Titanium and Its Alloy for High-level Nuclear Waste Container in Deep Geological Disposal Environment. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2020, 40(6): 485-494.

链接本文:

https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2019.182 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2020/V40/I6/485

图1 模拟我国核废料储罐表面温度的演变[26]

图2 深地质环境中氧浓度的模拟演化

图3 钛-氢相图[52]

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