Corrosion Failure Mechanism of Ultra-high-performance Concretes Prepared with Sea Water and Sea Sand in an Artificial Sea Water Containing Sulfate

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2023.087

Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection

2023, Vol. 43

Issue (5): 1101-1110 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2023.087

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Corrosion Failure Mechanism of Ultra-high-performance Concretes Prepared with Sea Water and Sea Sand in an Artificial Sea Water Containing Sulfate

LI Tianyu¹, WANG Weikang², LI Yangtao¹, BAO Tengfei¹(

), ZHAO Mengfan¹, SHEN Xinxin³, NI Lei³, MA Qinglei⁴, TIAN Huiwen⁵(

)

^1.College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
^2.School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430070, China
^3.Nantong Academy of Building Research Co., Ltd., Nantong 226000, China
^4.Jiangsu Jinling Special Coatings Co., Ltd., Yangzhou 225212, China
^5.Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-Fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China

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Abstract

Sulfate is one of the main components of sea water. Concrete structures serving in marine environment may come into contact with sea water, thereby, a series of sulfate induced chemical reactions occurred to cause the destruction of concrete. According to the characteristics of corrosion products, the sulfate induced corrosion attacks may be divided into the following three types, i.e., ettringite sulfate attack, gypsum sulfate attack and carbonite sulfate attack. In this paper, the corrosion behavior of the ultra-high-performance concretes prepared with sea water and sea sand (SSUHPC), as well as those with fresh water and river sand (FRUHPC) were comparatively studied in an artificial sea water containing sulfates. Based on the study of the evolution of sulfate induced corrosion degradation process, the corrosion damage mechanism related with SSUHPC and FRUHPC was revealed by using MIP, SEM-EDS and XRD techniques, and the damage mechanism was summarized. With the progress of sulfate corrosion process, the cementite on the surface of concrete reacts with Mg²⁺ and SO^2-₄ to produce corrosion products such as AFt and gypsum sulfate etc. On the one hand, the formation of a large number of corrosion products may consume hydration products such as Ca(OH)₂ and C-S-H gel; on the other hand, the cementite on the surface of concrete loses strength and cementation, and then falls off. Due to the corrosion damage of the concrete surface layer, the aggregates and steel reinforce bars within the concrete are exposed, therewith, the steel bars will rust once they come into contact with the corrosive fluids within the environment. With the progress of sulfate corrosion, the formation of corrosion products Aft, gypsum sulfate etc.is speeded, and which cumulated on the exposed concrete surface. Hence, the mortar that loses strength falls off together with the steel bars from the concrete surface, so that to further expose the interior of the concrete, which in turn, act as a “new outer surface” of the concrete faced to the corrosive environment. Different from the traditional three types of sulfate corrosion failure forms, the damage forms of ultra-high-performance concrete are more complex, but these damage characteristics only occur within the millimeter range of the concrete surface, and the concrete still maintains excellent mechanical and durability characteristics internally, with little overall impact on the concrete structure. In sum, the SSUHPC and FRUHPC show excellent sulfate resistance.

Key words: sea sand UHPC sulphate corrosion microstructure damage mechanism

Received: 27 March 2023 32134.14.1005.4537.2023.087

ZTFLH:

TD123

Fund: Jiangsu Province Excellent Postdoctoral Program, Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science and Technology(SBK2023040182);Jiangsu Provincial Society of Civil Engineering and Architecture

Corresponding Authors: BAO Tengfei, E-mail: baotf@hhu.edu.cn;TIAN Huiwen, E-mail: tianhuiwen@qdio.ac.cn

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	LI Tianyu
	WANG Weikang
	LI Yangtao
	BAO Tengfei
	ZHAO Mengfan
	SHEN Xinxin
	NI Lei
	MA Qinglei
	TIAN Huiwen

Cite this article:

LI Tianyu, WANG Weikang, LI Yangtao, BAO Tengfei, ZHAO Mengfan, SHEN Xinxin, NI Lei, MA Qinglei, TIAN Huiwen. Corrosion Failure Mechanism of Ultra-high-performance Concretes Prepared with Sea Water and Sea Sand in an Artificial Sea Water Containing Sulfate. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2023, 43(5): 1101-1110.

URL:

https://www.jcscp.org/EN/10.11902/1005.4537.2023.087 OR https://www.jcscp.org/EN/Y2023/V43/I5/1101

Table 1 Basic physical properties of cement, fly ash and silica fume

Table 2 Composition of raw materials with different ratios (mass ratio)

Fig.1 Failure evolution of SSUHPC during sulfate corrosion: (a) before sulfate corrosion, (b) sulfate corrosion for 6 months, (c) sulfate corrosion for 12 months

Fig.2 Failure evolution of FRUHPC during sulfate corrosion: (a) before sulfate corrosion, (b) sulfate corrosion for 6 months, (c) sulfate corrosion for 12 months

Fig.3 Change of porosity between SSUHPC and FRUHPC during sulfate corrosion

Fig.4 Surface (a, b) and interior (c, d) morphologies of SSUHPC (a, c) and FRUHPC (b, d) before sulfate corrosion

Fig.5 Surface morphologies (a-d, g-i) and EDS mapping (e, f) of SSUHPC after sulfate corrosion for 6 months

Fig.6 Inner area (a, d-f) and EDS mapping (b, c) of SSUHPC after sulfate corrosion for 6 months

Fig.7 Surface morphologies (a-c, f, g) and EDS mapping (d, e) of FRUHPC after sulfate corrosion for 6 months

Fig.8 Inner area (a-c) and EDS mapping (d, e) of FRUHPC after sulfate corrosion for 6 months

Fig.9 XRD patterns of SSUHPC (a) and FRUHPC (b) before and after sulfate corrosion

Fig.10 Schematic diagrams of sulfate corrosion mechanism of FRUHPC (a) and SSUHPC (b)

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