Natural mixed-dimensional attapulgite (mATP) with a high specific surface area was utilized as a nanocontainer to achieve a high loading capacity of the corrosion inhibitor. The prepared nanocontainer was then integrated into polyvinyl butyral (PVB) to form BTA@H-mATP/PVB anticorrosive coating aimed at enhancing the corrosion resistance of zinc substrates. Then the effect of the addition amount of the as received mATP and the acid etched ones (H-mATP) on the anticorrosion performance of the coatings was comparatively evaluated. Additionally, the self-healing mechanism of the BTA@H-mATP/PVB coating was thoroughly investigated. It was found that after acid etching, the specific surface area of H-mATP increased from 66 for the as received ones to 179 m²/g, significantly enhancing BTA loading capacity and resulting in release amounts of 0.93 and 0.90 mmol/L in alkaline and acidic environments, respectively. The |Z|_{0.01 Hz} of the 1%-BTA@H-mATP/PVB coating is 2.54 × 10⁶ Ω·cm², approximately 12 times higher than that of the pure PVB coating. Notably, even after 20 days of immersion in 3.5%NaCl solution, its electrochemical impedance remained as high as 2.05 × 10⁵ Ω·cm², indicating excellent corrosion resistance and long-term durability. The enhanced corrosion protective performance of the coating may be attributed to the synergistic effect between the physical barrier provided by H-mATP and the localized active protection offered by BTA. This work provides novel insights into the functional design and performance optimization of nanocontainers for intelligent anticorrosive coatings.