海洋环境中碳钢和不锈钢螺栓紧固件的腐蚀机制差异研究

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2023.151

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2023, Vol. 43

Issue (4): 737-745 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2023.151 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2023.151

中国腐蚀与防护学会杰出青年成就奖论文专栏

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海洋环境中碳钢和不锈钢螺栓紧固件的腐蚀机制差异研究

王长罡¹, DANIEL Enobong Felix¹, 李超¹, 董俊华¹(

), 杨华², 张东玖²(

)

^1.中国科学院金属研究所沈阳材料科学国家研究中心沈阳 110016
^2.西昌卫星发射中心航天发射场可靠性技术重点实验室海口 571126

Corrosion Mechanisms of Carbon Steel- and Stainless Steel-bolt Fasteners in Marine Environments

WANG Changgang¹, DANIEL Enobong Felix¹, LI Chao¹, DONG Junhua¹(

), YANG Hua², ZHANG Dongjiu²(

)

^1.Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
^2.Key Laboratory of Space Launching Site Reliability, Xichang Satellite Launch Center, Haikou 571126, China

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摘要:

通过对碳钢和不锈钢紧固件在海洋环境中的腐蚀特征、腐蚀产物和电偶极化等内容的比较性研究，提出了两种不同的腐蚀机制。对于碳钢紧固件，锈层增加了额外的IR降，削弱了阴极区对阳极缝隙区的极化作用，供氧的差异导致螺纹曝露部位的腐蚀更为严重，腐蚀形式以均匀腐蚀为主。对于不锈钢紧固件，缺氧的环境导致螺纹缝隙部位的钝化膜性能劣化，螺杆曝露区对螺纹缝隙区的电偶极化作用促使缝隙区腐蚀更为严重，腐蚀形式以点蚀为主。针对碳钢和不锈钢紧固件在海洋环境中的不同腐蚀机制，提出了差异化的腐蚀防护技术思路。

关键词 ：螺栓紧固件, 碳钢, 不锈钢, 电偶腐蚀, 缝隙腐蚀

Abstract：

Through a comparative study of the corrosion characteristics, corrosion products, and electrochemical polarization of carbon steel- and stainless steel-bolt fasteners in a Cl^- containing NaCl solution, which aims to simulate offshore atmospheric environment. For carbon steel fasteners, the occurrence of rust scale can induce an extra IR drop, weakened the polarization effect of the cathodic area to the anodic crevice area, and the difference in oxygen supply led to more severe corrosion in the exposed thread area, mainly uniform corrosion. For stainless steel fasteners, the lack of oxygen in the environment led to the degradation of the passivation film performance in the thread crevice area, and the polarization effect of the exposed screw area to the thread crevice area, thus resulted in more severe corrosion in the crevice area, mainly pitting corrosion. Differentiated corrosion protection strategies were proposed for carbon steel and stainless steel fasteners in marine environments based on their distinct corrosion mechanisms.

Key words： bolt fastener carbon steel stainless steel galvanic corrosion crevice corrosion

收稿日期: 2023-05-09 32134.14.1005.4537.2023.151

ZTFLH:

TG172

基金资助:中国科学院青年创新促进会(2019193);中国科学院青年创新促进会(KGFZD-135-19-02)

通讯作者: 董俊华，E-mail: jhdong@imr.ac.cn，研究方向为耐蚀材料设计与腐蚀监检测;张东玖，E-mail: zhangdongjiu923@sohu.con，研究方向为金属腐蚀管理

Corresponding author: DONG Junhua, E-mail: jhdong@imr.ac.cn;ZHANG Dongjiu, E-mail:zhangdongjiu923@sohu.con

作者简介: 王长罡，男，1985年生，博士，研究员，2012 年毕业于中国科学院金属研究所，获博士学位。现就职于中国科学院金属研究所，研究员，硕士生导师。王长罡博士长期致力于以现役的高通量腐蚀数据为基础，建立与实验室加速腐蚀的关联性。从电子轨道理论角度理解材料属性与腐蚀环境关键因素之间的化学键合作用和配位吸附能力的关系，从而揭示腐蚀机制，最终创建耐蚀材料设计新理论，建立腐蚀加速谱与寿命预测模型，制定腐蚀标准、规范，服务于国民经济和国防建设。研究成果在文昌卫星发射基地塔架腐蚀监测与耐候钢选材、三峡水电站转轮叶片点蚀行为与稀土夹杂物改性、高放射性核废物地质处置寿命预测与选材等领域得到了应用。先后主持国家重点研发计划子课题、中科院重点部署课题、基础加强计划项目课题、中国科学院青年创新促进会项目、国家自然科学基金等项目。发表SCI 论文30 余篇，授权专利6 项，起草团体标准1 项。入选中国科学院青年创新促进会会员、中国腐蚀与防护学会装备健康智能诊断专委会委员、中国腐蚀与防护学报青年编委、沈阳市拔尖人才。获得2022 年度中国腐蚀与防护学会科技进步一等奖 (自然科学类)。2023 年获得中国腐蚀与防护学会杰出青年成就奖。

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引用本文:

王长罡, DANIEL Enobong Felix, 李超, 董俊华, 杨华, 张东玖. 海洋环境中碳钢和不锈钢螺栓紧固件的腐蚀机制差异研究[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2023, 43(4): 737-745.
WANG Changgang, DANIEL Enobong Felix, LI Chao, DONG Junhua, YANG Hua, ZHANG Dongjiu. Corrosion Mechanisms of Carbon Steel- and Stainless Steel-bolt Fasteners in Marine Environments. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2023, 43(4): 737-745.

链接本文:

https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2023.151 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2023/V43/I4/737

图1 螺栓紧固件组件的示意图[19]

图2 C45碳钢螺栓紧固件在0.06 mol/L NaCl溶液中浸泡28 d前后的宏观形貌图[19]

图3 304不锈钢螺栓紧固件在腐蚀前后的表面形貌图 [20]

图4 C45碳钢紧固件曝露区域和接触区域表面锈层截面形貌以及Fe和O分布图[21]

图5 C45碳钢紧固件曝露区域和接触区域表面形成的腐蚀产物的XRD谱[21]

图6 304不锈钢紧固件在不同溅射时间下曝露区域表面和接触区域表面获得的XPS谱[20]

图7 304不锈钢紧固件表面钝化膜中不同元素含量随深度变化的XPS深度剖析图及对应的钝化膜模型[20]

图8 在曝露区域和接触区域电连接耦合的模式电偶电流密度随时间的变化[19]

图9 曝露区域和接触区域的电偶电流密度随时间的变化曲线和极化曲线[20]

图10 阴阳极区域面积比 (Sc/Sa) 对螺栓紧固件电偶电流密度的影响 [19]

图11 碳钢紧固件腐蚀进程与腐蚀机理示意图[21]

图12 304不锈钢紧固件的腐蚀进程与腐蚀机理示意图[20]

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