铸造缺陷对<strong>AZ91D</strong>镁合金<strong>Mn-P</strong>系化学转化膜耐蚀性能的影响

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2025.378

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2026, Vol. 46

Issue (5): 1475-1484 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.378 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.378

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铸造缺陷对AZ91D镁合金Mn-P系化学转化膜耐蚀性能的影响

张春艳¹, 张瑜心², 陈必秀³, 于宝兴⁴, 周鹏²(

)

^1.中国航发哈尔滨东安发动机有限公司哈尔滨 150066
^2.东北大学数字钢铁全国重点实验室沈阳 110819
^3.哈尔滨工程大学材料科学与化学工程学院哈尔滨 150001
^4.中国科学院金属研究所师昌绪先进材料创新中心沈阳 110016

Effect of Shrinkage Cavities of Cast AZ91D Mg-alloy on Corrosion Resistance of Its Chemical Conversion Coating Prepared with Permanganate-phosphate

ZHANG Chunyan¹, ZHANG Yuxin², CHEN Bixiu³, YU Baoxing⁴, ZHOU Peng²(

)

^1.AECC Harbin Dongan Engine Co. Ltd., Harbin 150066, China
^2.State Key Laboratory of Digital Steel, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
^3.School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
^4.Shi -Changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China

引用本文:

张春艳, 张瑜心, 陈必秀, 于宝兴, 周鹏. 铸造缺陷对AZ91D镁合金Mn-P系化学转化膜耐蚀性能的影响[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(5): 1475-1484.
Chunyan ZHANG, Yuxin ZHANG, Bixiu CHEN, Baoxing YU, Peng ZHOU. Effect of Shrinkage Cavities of Cast AZ91D Mg-alloy on Corrosion Resistance of Its Chemical Conversion Coating Prepared with Permanganate-phosphate[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2026, 46(5): 1475-1484.

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摘要:

用高锰酸-磷酸盐(Mn-P)溶液对AZ91D铸造镁合金进行化学转化处理，采用多种表面分析技术、动电位极化曲线和盐雾实验等表征手段，研究铸造缩松对AZ91D镁合金化学转化膜耐蚀性能的影响，以及铸造缩松处膜层不完整的影响因素。结果表明，铸造缩松呈尺寸不一、锯齿状分布在AZ91D镁合金的晶界上，其宽度和深度分别约10~300 μm和2~8 μm；经过化学转化处理后，铸造缩松处的膜层呈不致密、不完整结构，减少了β相的面积分数并破坏了其连续性。分析认为，在化学转化处理过程中，铸造缩松内部的空气和反应产生的H₂因受转化液压力作用而向内部扩散，使内部产生较大的气压，增加了化学转化液和镁合金基体的接触阻力，抑制膜层的形成。这部分裸露的镁合金发生腐蚀时，不连续的β相因未能阻止腐蚀向附近区域扩展，进一步降低化学转化后的镁合金耐蚀性能。

关键词 ： AZ91D镁合金, 铸造, 缩松, 转化膜, 耐蚀性能

Abstract：

The chemical conversion coating was prepared on the cast AZ91D Mg-alloy with shrinkage cavities via permanganate-phosphate conversion treatment.Then the corrosion resistance of the chemical conversion coatings prepared on Mg-alloys with and without shrinkage cavities but of the same composition was comparatively assessed by means of polarization curve measurement, and salt spray test, and surface analysis techniques etc. Results show that the shrinkage cavities within cast AZ91D Mg-alloy present irregular shape of varying size and as jagged-like distributed along grain boundaries of AZ91D Mg-alloy. Their width and depth range approximately 10-300 μm and 2-8 μm, respectively. After underwent chemical conversion treatment, the coating area that happen to be located on the area with shrinkage cavities may become less compact and discontinuous, while the area proportion of the β-phase was reduced and its continuity was disrupted. These phenomena may be ascribed to that there naturally existed certain gas within the shrinkage cavity, whilst the Mg near the inner edge of the shrinkage cavity may easy react with the entering chemical conversion liquids to produce gaseous hydrogen during the chemical conversion treatment process. These gases can hinder the inward migration of chemical conversion liquids thus impeding the formation of a continuous and complete conversion film there. In addition, the shrinkage cavities can disrupt the continuity of the β-phase, which is not conducive to preventing the lateral spreading of the corrosion of the substrate beneath the conversion film, further reducing the corrosion resistance of the Mg-alloy.

Key words： AZ91D Mg-alloy cast shrinkage conversion coatings corrosion resistance

收稿日期: 2025-12-09 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.378

ZTFLH:

TG174

基金资助:国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(251453)

通讯作者: 周鹏，E-mail：zhoupeng@mail.neu.edu.cn，研究方向为金属腐蚀与防护

Corresponding author: ZHOU Peng, E-mail: zhoupeng@mail.neu.edu.cn

作者简介: 张春艳，女，1986年生，博士，副高级工程师

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https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2025.378 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2026/V46/I5/1475

图1 AZ91D镁合金的显微组织、CLSM形貌及深度分布曲线

图2 镁合金正常区域及含有铸造缩松位置的表面形貌及图像统计

表1 不同合金区域的铸造缩松、α及β相的体积分数统计结果

图3 化学转化膜的表面形貌

图4 经化学转化处理后AZ91D镁合金的XRD谱

图5 铸造镁合金转化处理前后的极化曲线以及析氢量测试曲线

表2 铸造镁合金化学转化处理前后的Tafel外推电化学参数

图6 AZ91D铸造镁合金转化膜经过不同时间盐雾实验后的宏观形貌

图7 AZ91D铸造镁合金经导电-耐蚀转化处理后经盐雾腐蚀0和6 h后的背散射SEM形貌

图8 有铸造缩松的镁合金转化膜在盐雾实验前及6 h后的截面形貌

图9 AZ91D镁合金和无、有铸造缩松转化膜的盐雾实验宏观形貌

表3 AZ91D镁合金和有无铸造缩松转化膜的腐蚀等级统计结果

图10 镁合金铸造缺陷处成膜及腐蚀失效机制

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