低合金钢中夹杂物诱发局部腐蚀萌生机制的研究进展

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2023.147

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2023, Vol. 43

Issue (4): 746-754 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2023.147 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2023.147

中国腐蚀与防护学会杰出青年成就奖论文专栏

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低合金钢中夹杂物诱发局部腐蚀萌生机制的研究进展

刘超, 陈天奇, 李晓刚(

)

北京科技大学新材料技术研究院国家材料腐蚀与防护科学数据中心北京 100083

Research Progress on Initiation Mechanism of Local Corrosion Induced by Inclusions in Low Alloy Steel

LIU Chao, CHEN Tianqi, LI Xiaogang(

)

National Materials Corrosion and Protection Data Center, Institute of Advanced Materials & Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

全文: PDF(9516 KB) HTML

摘要:

夹杂物作为钢中不可避免的冶金缺陷，常会诱发局部腐蚀的萌生，进而对材料的耐蚀性能产生较大的影响。针对近年来各类夹杂物诱发局部腐蚀萌生的机理争议，本文总结了夹杂物诱发局部腐蚀萌生和发展的作用机制，包括电偶腐蚀机制、化学溶解机制和电偶腐蚀-化学溶解机制。夹杂物的化学成分、尺寸以及形状等是诱发局部腐蚀的关键影响因素。最后，对夹杂物诱发局部腐蚀机理研究和耐蚀钢调控的未来研究方向提出了展望。

关键词 ：夹杂物, 低合金钢, 局部腐蚀, 腐蚀机制, 耐蚀性调控

Abstract：

Inclusions are inevitable metallurgical defects in steel that can significantly impact the corrosion resistance of materials by inducing local corrosion initiation. The mechanisms related with the initiation and development of inclusion-induced localized corrosion have been the subject of controversy in recent years. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the various mechanisms of inclusion-induced localized corrosion, including electrochemical corrosion, chemical dissolution, and electrochemical-chemical dissolution mechanisms. In addition, controlling the formation and behavior of inclusions is crucial for improving the corrosion resistance of steel, while the chemical composition, size and shape of the inclusions are the key influencing factors for inducing localized corrosion. Finally, the future research directions for the study of inclusions-induced local corrosion mechanism and the regulation of corrosion-resistant steel are discussed.

Key words： inclusion low alloy steel localized corrosion corrosion mechnism corrosion resistance regulation

收稿日期: 2023-05-08 32134.14.1005.4537.2023.147

ZTFLH:

TG172

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(52104319)

通讯作者: 李晓刚，E-mail: lixiaogang99@263.net，研究方向为自然环境腐蚀机理，腐蚀大数据理论与技术和耐蚀新材料研发

Corresponding author: LI Xiaogang, E-mail: lixiaogang99@263.net

作者简介: 刘超，男，1988年生，博士，副研究员，2019 年毕业于北京科技大学，师从李晓刚教授。现就职于北京科技大学，副教授，比利时布鲁塞尔自由大学和美国麻省理工学院访问学者。主要研究方向为自然环境下材料腐蚀机理与规律研究和耐蚀新材料研发。立足国家重大战略及材料腐蚀防护实际需求，揭示自然环境下材料中多尺度缺陷及微观组织结构诱发腐蚀萌生的机理与规律，首次在微纳米尺度揭示了钢中各类夹杂物诱发局部腐蚀萌生的微区化学-电化学机制，探明了各类夹杂物化学成分、尺寸结构和界面缺陷等特性对局部腐蚀萌生的影响规律；系统揭示了Sb、Cu、Ca、RE和Te 等微合金元素对材料耐蚀性的影响机理。在此基础上研发了系列化耐蚀低合金钢，在我国川藏线大渡河大桥和冬奥场馆等重点工程中得到应用。先后主持国家自然科学基金青年项目和中国博士后基金2 项，参与国家自然科学基金重点基金和国家重点研发项目等国家/省部级项目4 项，主持/参与校企合作项目16 项。在Corros. Sci. 和 JMST等高水平期刊发表SCI 论文30 余篇，参编专著1 部，授权专利9 项，参编团体标准55 项，先后获北京市科学技术发明一等奖、湖北省科学技术二等奖和中国腐蚀与防护学会科学技术一等奖。2023 年获得中国腐蚀与防护学会杰出青年学术成就奖。

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引用本文:

刘超, 陈天奇, 李晓刚. 低合金钢中夹杂物诱发局部腐蚀萌生机制的研究进展[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2023, 43(4): 746-754.
LIU Chao, CHEN Tianqi, LI Xiaogang. Research Progress on Initiation Mechanism of Local Corrosion Induced by Inclusions in Low Alloy Steel. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2023, 43(4): 746-754.

链接本文:

https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2023.147 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2023/V43/I4/746

图1 3种冶金缺陷的LEIS的线性扫描结果[7]及Y-S-O夹杂物诱发点蚀萌生和发展的机理[12]

图2 Al2O3，ZrO2-Ti2O3-Al2O3和(RE)2O2S-(RE) x S y -(RE, Zr, Ti)O x 的SEM谱，CAAFM以及相应的高度/电流分布图；在pH=4.9的西沙模拟液中浸泡30 min后ZrO2-Ti2O3-Al2O3和(RE)2O2S-(RE) x S y -(RE,Zr,Ti)O x -(RE)AlO3的腐蚀形貌及Al2O3和ZrO2-Ti2O3-Al2O3的KAM图，高KAM代表钢基体的局部塑性变形发生在不易变形的夹杂物周围，且机械形变会导致表面电化学异质性的重新分布[16~19]

图3 在NS4溶液中浸泡24 h后Al-Ca-O-S夹杂物上形成的典型腐蚀坑[22,23]

图4 MnS表面电势分布，MnS不同晶面的表面功函数图及MnS诱发局部腐蚀的机理图[29]

图5 Al2O3表面和截面形貌，EBSD测试区域和相应的KAM图[18]

图6 TiN夹杂物的SEM图，EDS，TEM图像和SAD结果，TiN夹杂物和SiO2之间的界面形貌及纯Ti样品上形成的钝化膜的TiO2 2p3/2和TiO2 2p1/2峰的XPS光谱[25]

图7 Al2O3-MgO-CaO系统相图中活性/非活性夹杂物的成分分布[45]和能带结构图[12]

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