含铝奥氏体不锈钢液态铅铋环境相容性研究进展

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2025.247

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2026, Vol. 46

Issue (3): 671-679 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.247 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.247

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含铝奥氏体不锈钢液态铅铋环境相容性研究进展

张新瑞¹^,², 薛宝权², 谭季波²(

), 张兹瑜², 高军³, 吴欣强²

^1.东北大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110819
^2.中国科学院金属研究所中国科学院核用材料与安全评价重点实验室沈阳 110016
^3.中国核动力研究设计院先进核能技术全国重点实验室成都 610213

A Review on environmental degradation of Alumina-forming Austenitic Stainless Steel in Liquid Lead-bismuth Eutectic

ZHANG Xinrui¹^,², XUE Baoquan², TAN Jibo²(

), ZHANG Ziyu², GAO Jun³, WU Xinqiang²

^1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
^2.CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
^3.State Key Laboratory of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Nuclear Power Institute of China, Chengdu 610213, China

引用本文:

张新瑞, 薛宝权, 谭季波, 张兹瑜, 高军, 吴欣强. 含铝奥氏体不锈钢液态铅铋环境相容性研究进展[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(3): 671-679.
Xinrui ZHANG, Baoquan XUE, Jibo TAN, Ziyu ZHANG, Jun GAO, Xinqiang WU. A Review on environmental degradation of Alumina-forming Austenitic Stainless Steel in Liquid Lead-bismuth Eutectic[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2026, 46(3): 671-679.

全文: PDF(2304 KB) HTML

摘要:

铅铋共晶(LBE)因其良好的物理性能和化学稳定性，成为铅冷快堆冷却剂的优选材料，但结构材料与高温液态LBE接触会发生性能的退化，而含铝奥氏体不锈钢(AFA)具有优异的耐腐蚀性能和力学性能，在铅冷快堆中具有重要应用前景。本文介绍了AFA钢概况，总结了元素成分、氧浓度和预氧化对AFA钢在液态LBE中腐蚀行为的影响，综述了AFA钢在液态LBE中的力学行为研究，讨论了AFA钢在液态LBE中的腐蚀和脆化机理，提出了当前研究中存在的问题，展望了未来的研究方向。

关键词 ：含铝奥氏体不锈钢, 铅铋共晶, 液态金属腐蚀, 液态金属脆化

Abstract：

Lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) has emerged as the preferred coolant material for lead-cooled fast reactors owing to its good physical properties and chemical stability. However, many metallic structural materials are prone to degradation in liquid LBE at high temperatures. Among others, alumina-forming austenitic stainless steel (AFA) exhibits excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. Thus, it has been recognized as a promising candidate structural material for lead-cooled fast reactors. This paper presents an overview of AFA stainless steel. The effect of chemical composition, oxygen concentration and pre-oxidation treatment on the corrosion behavior and the mechanical behavior of AFA steel in liquid LBE are summarized. The mechanism underlying liquid metal corrosion and liquid metal induced embrittlement of AFA stainless steel are also discussed. The existing challenges in current research and the future research issues are outlined.

Key words： alumina-forming austenitic stainless steel lead-bismuth eutectic liquid metal embrittlement liquid metal corrosion

收稿日期: 2025-08-03 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.247

ZTFLH:

TG174

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(U23B2074);国家自然科学基金(52301113);辽宁省优秀青年基金(2024JH3/10200020);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA0410000);师昌绪先进材料创新中心开放基金(SCXKFJJ202208)

通讯作者: 谭季波，E-mail：jbtan10s@imr.ac.cn，研究方向为三代压水堆及四代铅冷快堆结构材料环境相容性

Corresponding author: TAN Jibo, E-mail: jbtan10s@imr.ac.cn

作者简介: 张新瑞，男，2000年生，硕士生

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图1 AFA钢在液态LBE中表面氧化膜与溶解氧浓度的关系[31~33]

图2 AFA钢在液态LBE中氧化膜厚度与Ni含量的关系[18,34,35]

图3 AFA钢在Air和液态LBE/Pb中的慢拉伸数据[40~42]

图4 AFA钢在高温液态LBE中的氧化层形成机制示意图[31]

图5 AFA钢在高温液态LBE中的溶解腐蚀与析出相互作用示意图[51]

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