Formation Process and Corrosion Resistance of Trivalent Chromium Passivation Film on Zn-plated Q235 Steel

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2016.138

Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection

2017, Vol. 37

Issue (6): 547-553 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2016.138

Current Issue | Archive | Adv Search

Formation Process and Corrosion Resistance of Trivalent Chromium Passivation Film on Zn-plated Q235 Steel

Han YAN¹, Qing ZHAO¹(

), Nan DU¹, Yanqing HU², Liqiang WANG², Shuaixing WANG¹

1 National Defense Key Discipline Laboratory of Light Alloy Processing Science and Technology, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, China
2 Chengdu Aircraft Industrial (Group) Co. Manufacture and Engineer Department, Chengdu 610092, China

Download:

HTML

PDF(2611KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract

The trivalent chromium passivation film on the surface of Zn-plated Q235 steel was fabricated by immersion method. The microstructure and corrosion performance of the passivation film were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), as well as polarization curve measurement, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and neutral salt spray (NSS) test, respectively. The results show that the Zn-coating is compact without obvious cracks but with excellent anticorrosion performance. The trivalent chromium passivation film on Zn-coating has smooth surface with a large number of cracks. The major constituents of the trivalent chromium passivation film were Zn, Cr and O, while a small amount of P and N was also detected, which probably in the form of compounds such as Cr(OH)₃, Zn(OH)₂, Cr₂O₃, and ZnO. The forming process of passivation film possibly consists of three steps such as zinc dissolution, passivation film forming and dissolution, and finally drying to become passivation film. It is noted through NSS test that the trivalent chromium passivation film can enhance the corrosion resistance of Zn-coating by c.a. 7 times．

Key words: Zn plating trivalent chromium passivation film corrosion resistance

Received: 31 August 2016

ZTFLH:

TG174.3

	Service

	E-mail this article
	Add to citation manager
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	（）
	Articles by authors
	Han YAN
	Qing ZHAO
	Nan DU
	Yanqing HU
	Liqiang WANG
	Shuaixing WANG

Cite this article:

Han YAN, Qing ZHAO, Nan DU, Yanqing HU, Liqiang WANG, Shuaixing WANG. Formation Process and Corrosion Resistance of Trivalent Chromium Passivation Film on Zn-plated Q235 Steel. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2017, 37(6): 547-553.

URL:

https://www.jcscp.org/EN/10.11902/1005.4537.2016.138 OR https://www.jcscp.org/EN/Y2017/V37/I6/547

Fig.1 SEM images of the surfaces of galvanizing coating before (a) and after (b) Cr (III) passivation

Fig.2 Surface morphology (a), cross section (b) and EDS results of positions A (c) and B (d) in Fig.2a of Cr(III) passivation film formed on galvanizing coating

Fig.3 XPS survey spectra of the surface of Cr(III) passivation film

Fig.4 XPS fine spectra of Zn2p (a), Cr3p (b) and O1s (c) of Cr(III) passivation film

Fig.5 Variation of OCP of Cr(III) passivation film with immersion time

Table 1 Peak fitting results of the high resolution spectra of Cr3p and O1s

Table 2 Fitted parameters of Tafel plots of blank and chromate galvanizing coating in 3.5%NaCl solution

Fig.6 Tafel plots of blank and chromate galvanizing coating in 3.5%NaCl solution

Fig.7 Nyquist plots of blank (a) and chromate galvanizing coating (b) in 3.5%NaCl solution

Fig.8 Equivalent circuits of EIS of unchromated (a) and chromate (b) galvanizing coating

Table 3 Fitted parameters of EIS plots of blank and chromated galvanizing coating

Table 4 Results of neutral salt spray test of blank and chromated galvanizing coating

[1]	Zhang X G.Efficiency of corrosion protection of steel by galvanizing and prospect for new coating development[J]. J. Chin. Soc. Corros. Prot., 2010, 30: 166(章小鸽. 保护钢铁的效率和新型锌镀层的发展前景[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2010, 30: 166)
[2]	Shen P H, Tu Z M.Plating Zinc and Zinc Alloy [M]. Beijing: China Machine Press, 2002: 35(沈品华, 屠振密. 电镀锌及锌合金 [M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2002: 35)
[3]	Wilcox G D.Replacing chromates for the passivation of zinc surfaces[J]. Trans. IMF, 2003, 81: B13
[4]	Li X Q, Chen D Q, Yu J Q.Technology and Application of Chemical Conversion Film [M]. Beijing: China Machine Press, 2005: 243(李鑫庆, 陈迪勤, 余静琴. 化学转化膜技术与应用 [M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2005: 243)
[5]	SarmaitisR, DikinisV, RezaiteV, et al. Conversion coatings for zinc substrates from acidic solution of Cr(III) compounds [A]. 2004 SUR/FIN Conference[C]. USA, Chicago, 2004: 575
[6]	Chen J H, Ren Y P, Lu J T, et al.Research progress of trivalent chrome passivation on zinc plating[J]. Mater. Prot., 2004, 37(11): 32(陈锦虹, 任艳萍, 卢锦堂等. 镀锌层三价铬钝化的研究进展[J]. 材料保护, 2004, 37(11): 32)
[7]	Wang H M, Chen M, Li J S.An approach to trivalent chromium passivation solution for zinc coating[J]. China Surf. Eng., 2008, 21(2): 40(王惠敏, 陈玫, 李基森. 镀锌层三价铬钝化剂的探讨[J]. 中国表面工程, 2008, 21(2): 40)
[8]	Preikschat P, Jansen R, Hulser P.Chromium (VI)-free conversion layer and method for producing it [P]. US Pat, 6946201, 2005
[9]	Bellezze T, Roventi G, Fratesi R.Electrochemical study on the corrosion resistance of Cr(III)-based conversion layers on zinc coatings[J]. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2002, 155: 221
[10]	Oshima K, Tanaka S, Inoue M, et al.Processing solution for forming hexavalent chromium free and corrosion resistant conversion film on zinc or zinc alloy plating layers, hexavalent chromium free and corrosion resistant conversion film, method for forming the same [P]. EP, EP1318214Al, 2003
[11]	Shi Z T.Trivalent chromic rainbow color passivating agent for gal vanizing and its production [P]. China Pat, 200410027586.7, 2005(施镇涛. 镀锌用三价铬彩虹色钝化剂及其制造方法 [P]. 中国专利, 200410027586.7, 2005)
[12]	Zhang X, van den Bos C, Sloof W G, et al. Comparision of the morphology and corrosion performance of Cr(VI)-and Cr(III)-based conversion coatings on zinc[J]. Surf. Coat. Technol., 2005, 199: 92
[13]	Zhang X, Sloof W G, Hovestad A, et al.Characterization of chromate conversion coatings on zinc using XPS and SKPFM[J]. Surf.Coat. Technol., 2005, 197: 168
[14]	Saravanan G, Mohan S.Corrosion behavior of Cr electrodeposited from Cr(VI) and Cr(III)- baths using direct (DCD) and pulse electrodeposition (PED) techniques[J]. Corros. Sci., 2009, 51(1): 197
[15]	Long Z L, Zhou Y C, Xiao L.Characterization of black chromate conversion coating on the electrodeposited zinc-iron alloy[J]. Appl. Surf. Sci., 2003, 218: 124
[16]	Gaarenstroom S W, Winograd N.Initial and final state effects in the ESCA spectra of cadmium and silver oxides[J]. J. Chem. Phys., 1977, 67: 3500
[17]	Shuttleworth D.Preparation of metal-polymer dispersions by plasma techniques: An ESCA investigation[J]. J. Phys. Chem., 1980, 84: 1629
[18]	Mcintyre N S, Pratt A R, Piao H, et al. Resolution enhancement of X-ray photoelectron spectra by maximum entropy deconvolution [J]. Surf. Interface. Sci., 1999, 144/145: 156
[19]	Hoflund G B, Asbury D A, Babb S J, et al.A surface study of amorphous chromium films electrodeposited from chromic acid solutions. Part I[J]. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A, 1986, 4: 26

[1]	HAN Yuetong, ZHANG Pengchao, SHI Jiefu, LI Ting, SUN Juncai. Surface Modification of TA1 Bipolar Plate for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2021, 41(1): 125-130.
[2]	RAN Dou, MENG Huimin, LIU Xing, LI Quande, GONG Xiufang, NI Rong, JIANG Ying, GONG Xianlong, DAI Jun, LONG Bin. Effect of pH on Corrosion Behavior of 14Cr12Ni3WMoV Stainless Steel in Chlorine-containing Solutions[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2021, 41(1): 51-59.
[3]	SHI Kunyu, WU Weijin, ZHANG Yi, WAN Yi, YU Chuanhao. Electrochemical Properties of Nb Coating on TC4 Substrate in Simulated Body Solution[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2021, 41(1): 71-79.
[4]	BAO Ren, ZHOU Genshu, LI Hongwei. Preparation of High-tin Bronze Corrosion-resistant Coating by Potentiostatic Pulse Electrodeposition[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2020, 40(6): 585-591.
[5]	LIU Haixia, HUANG Feng, YUAN Wei, HU Qian, LIU Jing. Corrosion Behavior of 690 MPa Grade High Strength Bainite Steel in a Simulated Rural Atmosphere[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2020, 40(5): 416-424.
[6]	LI Congwei, DU Shuangming, ZENG Zhilin, LIU Eryong, WANG Feihu, MA Fuliang. Effect of Current Density on Microstructure, Wear and Corrosion Resistance of Electrodeposited Ni-Co-B Coating[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2020, 40(5): 439-447.
[7]	CAO Jingyi, FANG Zhigang, CHEN Jinhui, CHEN Zhixiong, YIN Wenchang, YANG Yange, ZHANG Wei. Preparation and Properties of Micro-arc Oxide Film with Single Dense Layer on Surface of 5083 Aluminum Alloy[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2020, 40(3): 251-258.
[8]	WANG Le,YI Danqing,LIU Huiqun,JIANG Long,FENG Chun. Effect of Ru on Corrosion Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy and Its Mechanism[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2020, 40(1): 25-30.
[9]	SHI Chao,SHAO Yawei,XIONG Yi,LIU Guangming,YU Yuelong,YANG Zhiguang,XU Chuanqin. Influence of Silane Coupling Agent Modified Zinc Phosphate on Anticorrosion Property of Epoxy Coating[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2020, 40(1): 38-44.
[10]	WU Dongcai,HAN Peide. Effects of Moderate Temperature Aging Treatment on Corrosion Resistance of SAF2304 DuplexStainless Steel[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2020, 40(1): 51-56.
[11]	YANG Yinchu,FU Xiuqing,LIU Lin,MA Wenke,SHEN Moqi. Electrochemical Corrosion of Ni-P-BN(h)-Al₂O₃ Composite Coating Deposited by Spray Electrodeposition[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2020, 40(1): 57-62.
[12]	XIAO Jintao,CHEN Yan,XING Mingxiu,JU Pengfei,MENG Yingen,WANG Fang. Effect of Process Parameters on Corrosion Resistance of Anodizing Film on 2195 Al-Li Alloy[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2019, 39(5): 431-438.
[13]	SHI Kunyu,ZHANG Jinzhong,ZHANG Yi,WAN Yi. Preparation and Corrosion Resistance of Nb₂N Coating on TC4 Ti-alloy[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2019, 39(4): 313-318.
[14]	SUN Xiaoguang,HAN Xiaohui,ZHANG Xingshuang,ZHANG Zhiyi,LI Gangqing,DONG Chaofang. Corrosion Resistance and Environmentally-friendly Chemical Passivation of Welded Joints for Ultra-low Carbon Austenitic Stainless Steel[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2019, 39(4): 345-352.
[15]	Han FENG,Zhigang SONG,Xiaohan WU,Hui LI,Wenjie ZHENG,Yuliang ZHU. Relationship Between Selective Corrosion Behavior and Duplex Structure of 022Cr25Ni7Mo4N Duplex Stainless Steel[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2019, 39(2): 138-144.

No Suggested Reading articles found!

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed