<strong>NaCl</strong>溶液温度和含量对热处理后钢轨腐蚀行为的影响

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2025.361

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2026, Vol. 46

Issue (4): 1279-1288 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.361 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.361

研究报告

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

NaCl溶液温度和含量对热处理后钢轨腐蚀行为的影响

李自立¹^,², 王欣纪², 田春洋², 叶沛聪², 刘海乔¹^,², 何成刚²^,³(

), 刘吉华²^,³

^1.四川城市职业学院智能制造与交通学院成都 610110
^2.五邑大学轨道交通学院江门 529020
^3.江门市轨道交通智能运维与应急管理重点实验室江门 529020

Influence of NaCl Temperature and Content on Corrosion Behavior of Heat Treated Rail Steel

LI Zili¹^,², WANG Xinji², TIAN Chunyang², YE Peicong², LIU Haiqiao¹^,², HE Chenggang²^,³(

), LIU Jihua²^,³

^1.College of Intelligent Manufacturing and Transportation, Urban Vocational College of Sichuan, Chengdu 610110, China
^2.School of Rail Transportation, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, China
^3.Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Intelligent Operation, Maintenance and Emergency Management for Rail Transit, Jiangmen 529020, China

引用本文:

李自立, 王欣纪, 田春洋, 叶沛聪, 刘海乔, 何成刚, 刘吉华. NaCl溶液温度和含量对热处理后钢轨腐蚀行为的影响[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(4): 1279-1288.
Zili LI, Xinji WANG, Chunyang TIAN, Peicong YE, Haiqiao LIU, Chenggang HE, Jihua LIU. Influence of NaCl Temperature and Content on Corrosion Behavior of Heat Treated Rail Steel[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2026, 46(4): 1279-1288.

全文: PDF(13645 KB) HTML

摘要:

为探究NaCl溶液温度和含量对热处理后钢轨腐蚀行为的影响，本文通过NaCl溶液全浸腐蚀实验和失重测试、宏观形貌观察、SEM、XRD等手段，研究了具有细小珠光体片层的热处理U75V钢轨在模拟中性氯化物全浸环境下的腐蚀行为。结果表明，溶液温度的升高显著加速腐蚀进程，腐蚀速率与温度呈正相关，在45 ℃时试样自腐蚀电流密度(I_corr)最大、电荷转移电阻(R_ct)最小，但温度变化未改变腐蚀产物的物相组成。NaCl含量的影响则呈现非线性特征：当NaCl含量(质量分数)由2.0%增至3.5%时，Cl⁻持续破坏表面钝化膜，促进阳极溶解，导致I_corr上升、R_ct下降，腐蚀加剧；而含量进一步升高至5.0%时，高离子强度环境促进保护性腐蚀产物α-FeOOH的生成，并显著抑制溶氧，使得I_corr降低、R_ct提高，腐蚀速率反而下降。

关键词 ：热处理钢轨, 腐蚀行为, 腐蚀产物, 电化学

Abstract：

The influence of temperature and NaCl-content on the corrosion behavior of heat-treated U75V rail steel with fine pearlite lamellar microstructure in NaCl solutions was assessed via full-immersion corrosion tests with mass loss measurement, macroscopic morphology observation, scanning electron microscopy,and X-ray diffraction. The results indicate that the increase in solution temperature significantly accelerates the corrosion process, and the corrosion rate is positively correlated with temperature. At 45 ℃, the steel exhibits the highest free-corrosion current density (I_corr) and the lowest charge transfer resistance (R_ct), but the temperature variation does not alter the phase composition of the corrosion products. The effect of NaCl content shows a nonlinear characteristic: when the NaCl content (mass fraction) increases from 2.0% to 3.5%, the surface passivation film is gradually destroyed by Cl^- attack and the anodic dissolution is promoted, leading to increase in I_corr and decrease in R_ct, i.e. the corrosion of U75V steel is intensified. However, when the NaCl content increases to 5.0%, the solution with high ionic strength may promote the formation of protective corrosion product α-FeOOH and significantly inhibit the dissolved oxygen, resulting in decrease in I_corr and n increase in R_ct, thereby, the corrosion rate decreases instead.

Key words： heat treatment rail corrosion behavior corrosion product electrochemistry

收稿日期: 2025-11-25 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.361

ZTFLH:

TG174.3

基金资助:广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2024A1515011409)

通讯作者: 何成刚，E-mail：hechengan@126.com，研究方向为腐蚀与防护、工程摩擦学

Corresponding author: HE Chenggang, E-mail: hechengan@126.com

作者简介: 李自立，男，1988年生，硕士，讲师

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https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2025.361 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2026/V46/I4/1279

图1 热处理后U75V钢轨材料的微观组织形貌

图2 热处理U75V钢轨试样在不同NaCl溶液温度与含量下的平均腐蚀速率

图3 热处理U75V钢轨试样在不同NaCl溶液温度与含量下全浸144 h后腐蚀产物的宏观形貌

图4 热处理U75V钢轨试样在不同NaCl溶液温度与含量中全浸144 h后腐蚀产物的微观形貌

图5 热处理U75V钢轨试样在不同NaCl溶液温度与含量中全浸144 h后腐蚀产物XRD图

图6 热处理钢轨试样在不同NaCl溶液温度和腐蚀时间后的Nyquist和Bode图

图7 热处理钢轨试样在不同NaCl含量和腐蚀时间后的Nyquist和Bode图

图8 拟合EIS所采用的等效电路图

表1 热处理U75V钢轨试样在不同NaCl溶液温度与含量中的电化学阻抗拟合结果

图9 热处理U75V钢轨试样在不同NaCl溶液温度下的极化曲线和自腐蚀电流密度

图10 热处理U75V钢轨试样在不同NaCl含量下的极化曲线和自腐蚀电流密度

表2 不同NaCl溶液温度与含量下热处理U75V钢轨试样全浸腐蚀后的自腐蚀电流密度(Icorr) (A·cm-2)

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