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中国腐蚀与防护学报  2026, Vol. 46 Issue (4): 1177-1184     CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.318      DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.318
  研究报告 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 |
含微量Er铝合金导线力学性能与腐蚀行为研究
夏晓健1,2, 张晨宇1,2, 严康骅1,2, 张波1,2, 邓晨曦3, 谢宇鹏3, 闵星瑞3, 李梦妤3, 张瑞丰3()
1.国网福建省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 福州 350007
2.莆田滨海大气环境材料腐蚀与电力设备安全福建省野外科学观测研究站 莆田 351100
3.中南大学材料科学与工程学院 长沙 410083
Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behavior of a Trace-amount Er Containing Al-alloy Conducting Wire
XIA Xiaojian1,2, ZHANG Chenyu1,2, YAN Kanghua1,2, ZHANG Bo1,2, DENG Chenxi3, XIE Yupeng3, MIN Xingrui3, LI Mengyu3, ZHANG Ruifeng3()
1.State Grid Fujian Electric Power Research Institute, Fuzhou 350007, China
2.Putian Coastal Atmospheric Environment Material Corrosion and Electric Power Equipment Safety Observation and Research Station of Fujian Province, Putian 351100, China
3.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
引用本文:

夏晓健, 张晨宇, 严康骅, 张波, 邓晨曦, 谢宇鹏, 闵星瑞, 李梦妤, 张瑞丰. 含微量Er铝合金导线力学性能与腐蚀行为研究[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(4): 1177-1184.
Xiaojian XIA, Chenyu ZHANG, Kanghua YAN, Bo ZHANG, Chenxi DENG, Yupeng XIE, Xingrui MIN, Mengyu LI, Ruifeng ZHANG. Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behavior of a Trace-amount Er Containing Al-alloy Conducting Wire[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2026, 46(4): 1177-1184.

全文: PDF(6759 KB)   HTML
摘要: 

研究了直径为10 mm的耐热铝合金导线(Al-0.08Si-0.05Er-0.05Fe,质量分数)在不同温度大气中的拉伸性能和3.5%NaCl溶液中的耐腐蚀性能。研究结果表明:该耐热铝合金导线横截面为小尺寸的近等轴状晶粒组织形貌,纵截面为大纵横比晶粒组织形貌。晶粒取向差较大,再结晶分数较小。合金内第二相粒子数量较少,主要由大尺寸的Al-Fe相和Al-Fe-Si相和小尺寸的Al-Fe-Si-Er相组成。室温拉伸时,该耐热铝合金导线的屈服强度和抗拉强度分别为113和133 MPa。随着拉伸试验测试温度的升高,合金导线强度性能逐渐下降。但当温度低于150 ℃时,屈服强度损失率较低,低于计算的理论强度损失值。合金在不同温度3.5% (质量分数) NaCl溶液浸泡后的腐蚀形貌以点蚀为主,并且随温度升高,合金的腐蚀行为由点蚀转变为沿晶腐蚀,合金的耐腐蚀性能降低,主要是由于温度升高会导致铝基体电位负移。但是,Er的微合金化能够有效细化晶粒和Al-Fe相及Al-Fe-Si相尺寸,提高合金耐腐蚀性能。

关键词 耐热铝合金导线强度耐腐蚀性能    
Abstract

Herein the tensile properties in atmosphere and corrosion behavior in 3.5%NaCl solution of a trace Er-containing heat-resistant Al-alloy conducting wire (Al-0.08Si-0.05Er-0.05Fe, mass fraction) with a diameter of 10 mm at various temperatures were studied via Instron 3369 electronic universal testing machine, immersion test and electrochemical testing means etc. The results demonstrated that the transverse section of the wire exhibited a microstructure dominated by fine near-equiaxed grains, while the longitudinal section displayed elongated grains with high aspect ratios. In addition, significant intergranular disorientation and a low fraction of recrystallization were observed. Limited secondary phases were found neither in the cross-section nor in the longitudinal section, primarily composed of coarse Al-Fe particles and Al-Fe-Si particles, alongside finer Al-Fe-Si-Er particles. At ambient temperature, the wire demonstrated a yield strength of 113 MPa and an ultimate tensile strength of 133 MPa. Elevated tensile testing temperatures induced progressive degradation of mechanical properties. However, the yield strength loss rate remained notably lower than the theoretically predicted value at temperatures below 150 ℃, which indicates enhanced thermal stability under moderate heating conditions. Immersion tests at different temperatures revealed that pitting corrosion dominated the corrosion morphology. The corrosion behavior of the alloy changed from pitting corrosion to intergranular corrosion, and corrosion resistance declined with the increasing temperature, which may be attributed to the accelerated negative shift of the free corrosion potential of Al-matrix under thermal activation. Crucially, the incorporation of Er effectively refined both the grain structures and the dimensions of Al-Fe/Al-Fe-Si phases, thereby mitigating the localized corrosion susceptibility through microstructural homogenization.

Key wordsheat resistant    Al alloy wire    strength    corrosion resistance
收稿日期: 2025-10-13      32134.14.1005.4537.2025.318
ZTFLH:  TG174  
通讯作者: 张瑞丰,E-mail:rufengzhang@csu.edu.cn,研究方向为局部腐蚀机理、耐蚀涂层开发
Corresponding author: ZHANG Ruifeng, E-mail: rufengzhang@csu.edu.cn
作者简介: 夏晓健,男,1988年生,博士,高级工程师
图1  取样示意图
图2  耐热铝合金导线不同温度的应力-应变曲线及力学性能变化曲线
Temperature / ℃YS / MPaLoss of YS / %UTS / MPaLoss of UTS / %Elongation / %
25113-133-23.58
501104.351265.2623.04
1001049.5711414.2922.99
1509418.269826.3235.78
1908526.098734.5925.90
表1  不同测试温度下拉伸力学性能数据及强度损失值
图3  不同温度拉伸性能测试样品的断口形貌
图4  不同温度浸泡实验样品的腐蚀形貌
图5  不同温度测得的极化曲线
图6  耐热铝合金导线横截面及纵截面的晶粒组织形貌
图7  耐热铝合金导线横截面及纵截面的第二相粒子分布
图8  计算强度损失值及实际强度损失值对比图
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