超低碳奥氏体不锈钢焊接接头耐腐蚀性及环保型化学钝化工艺研究

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2019.054

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2019, Vol. 39

Issue (4): 345-352 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2019.054

研究报告

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

超低碳奥氏体不锈钢焊接接头耐腐蚀性及环保型化学钝化工艺研究

孙晓光¹(

),韩晓辉¹,张星爽²,张志毅¹,李刚卿¹,董超芳²

1. 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司技术工程部青岛 266111
2. 北京科技大学腐蚀与防护中心北京 100083

Corrosion Resistance and Environmentally-friendly Chemical Passivation of Welded Joints for Ultra-low Carbon Austenitic Stainless Steel

SUN Xiaoguang¹(

),HAN Xiaohui¹,ZHANG Xingshuang²,ZHANG Zhiyi¹,LI Gangqing¹,DONG Chaofang²

1. Technical Engineering Department, CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co. , Ltd. , Qingdao 266111, China
2. Corrosion and Protection Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China

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摘要:

采用不同配比柠檬酸钝化液对焊接接头进行化学钝化，借助电子背散射衍射 (EBSD) 和X射线衍射 (XRD) 对304L不锈钢手工电弧焊和氩弧焊两种焊接接头组织结构进行表征，借助电化学测试研究了焊接接头不同区域钝化后的电化学性能，通过X射线光电子能谱 (XPS) 分析了焊接接头化学钝化后表面钝化膜的成分。结果表明，焊缝区采用316L不锈钢焊丝进行填充，点蚀电位最高，母材区晶粒组织较均匀细小，耐蚀性相对较好；热影响区由于出现晶粒长大或混晶组织，点蚀电位最低。借助柠檬酸钝化液对焊接接头进行钝化，当钝化液浓度为10%，钝化时间为15 min时，点蚀电位最高，表面钝化效果最佳。

关键词 ：超低碳奥氏体不锈钢, 焊接接头, 化学钝化, 耐蚀性

Abstract：

Plates of ultra-low carbon austenitic stainless steel 304L were welded by manual arc welding and argon arc welding respectively with 316L stainless steel as filler. The welded joints were characterized by means of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Whilst the welded joints were chemically passivated in 10% and 20% hydrogen peroxide solutions respectively, then their corrosion behavior was examined via electrochemical means and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results showed that the pitting potential of the weld zone was the highest due to the incorporation of 316L stainless steel welding wire. The corrosion resistance of the matrix was relatively good because its inherent microstructure of relatively uniform and small grains. The heat affected zone has coarse grains and/or mixed grain structure, so that its pitting potential was the lowest, correspondingly its corrosion resistance was the worst. In a word, the welded joints of austenitic stainless steel 304L had the best corrosion resistance, when they were passivated in 10% hydrogen peroxide solution for 15 min.

Key words： ultralow carbon austenitic stainless steel welded joint chemical passivation corrosion resistance

收稿日期: 2019-05-01

ZTFLH:

TG178

基金资助:国家重点研发专项(2017YFB0702300);国家材料环境腐蚀平台(2005DKA10400);国家自然科学基金(51871028)

通讯作者: 孙晓光 E-mail: sunx_sf@126.com

Corresponding author: Xiaoguang SUN E-mail: sunx_sf@126.com

作者简介: 孙晓光，男，1984年生，博士，高级工程师

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引用本文:

孙晓光,韩晓辉,张星爽,张志毅,李刚卿,董超芳. 超低碳奥氏体不锈钢焊接接头耐腐蚀性及环保型化学钝化工艺研究[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2019, 39(4): 345-352.
Xiaoguang SUN, Xiaohui HAN, Xingshuang ZHANG, Zhiyi ZHANG, Gangqing LI, Chaofang DONG. Corrosion Resistance and Environmentally-friendly Chemical Passivation of Welded Joints for Ultra-low Carbon Austenitic Stainless Steel. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2019, 39(4): 345-352.

链接本文:

https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2019.054 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2019/V39/I4/345

表1 304L和316L不锈钢的化学成分

表2 304L不锈钢的焊接参数

图1 304L不锈钢焊接接头示意图

图2 304L不锈钢手工电弧焊和氩弧焊的EBSD结果

图3 304L不锈钢手工电弧焊和氩弧焊的XRD谱

图4 304L不锈钢手工电弧焊和氩弧焊焊接接头的极化曲线

图5 304L不锈钢经不同焊接工艺焊接后接头盐雾实验1 d后的腐蚀形貌

图6 304L-HD不锈钢接头在柠檬酸中钝化后的动态极化曲线

图7 304L-HD不锈钢焊接接头区经柠檬酸钝化后的点蚀电位

图8 304L-HWS不锈钢接头在柠檬酸中钝化后的动态极化曲线

图9 304L-HWS不锈钢焊接接头区经柠檬酸钝化后的点蚀电位

图10 经10%双氧水钝化后的304L不锈钢的XPS结果

图11 经20%双氧水钝化的304L不锈钢试样的XPS结果

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