Study on Electron Beam Melting and Properties of Low Modulus Corrosion-Resistant Metastable β Titanium Alloy

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2025.236

Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.236

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. Study on Electron Beam Melting and Properties of Low Modulus Corrosion-Resistant Metastable β Titanium Alloy. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 0, (): 0-0.

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Abstract The advancement of additive manufacturing has provided new opportunities for the personalized fabrication of biomedical titanium alloys. In this study, a novel β-type titanium alloy, Ti15Nb2.5Zr4Sn, was fabricated using electron beam melting (EBM), and its microstructure, mechanical properties, electrochemical behavior in simulated body fluid (SBF), and biocompatibility were systematically investigated in comparison with conventional Ti-6Al-4V (TC4). The results showed that EBM-Ti15Nb2.5Zr4Sn exhibits a β-phase-dominated microstructure with a pronounced crystallographic texture, leading to a reduced elastic modulus of approximately 40 GPa, which is closer to that of human cortical bone (10–30 GPa), thereby alleviating stress shielding. Electrochemical tests revealed a wide passivation range (0.22–1.12 V) and a low corrosion current density (308 nA) in SBF, indicating the formation of a stable and protective passive film. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis identified the passive film components as TiO2, Nb2O5, ZrO2 and SnO2. Cell culture experiments further demonstrated that MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts adhered well to the Ti15Nb2.5Zr4Sn surface with intact cytoskeleton structures, indicating excellent biocompatibility. In summary, the EBM-fabricated Ti15Nb2.5Zr4Sn alloy combines low elastic modulus, high corrosion resistance, and favorable biological activity, making it a promising candidate for next-generation orthopedic implant applications.

Key words: Additive manufacturing β-titanium alloy Electron beam melting Corrosion electrochemistry Elastic modulus Passive film

Received: 25 July 2025

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	YI Dun-Da
	LING Ao
	GONG De-Lun
	WEI Bo-Xin

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https://www.jcscp.org/EN/10.11902/1005.4537.2025.236 OR https://www.jcscp.org/EN/Y0/V/I/0

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