敏化处理对传统和增材制造<strong>316L</strong>不锈钢电化学和晶间腐蚀的影响

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2024.387

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2025, Vol. 45

Issue (5): 1331-1340 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2024.387 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2024.387

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敏化处理对传统和增材制造316L不锈钢电化学和晶间腐蚀的影响

何武豪¹, 刘阳², 杨思懿², 张韶栋³, 吴伟²^,³^,⁴(

), 张俊喜²

1 南昌工学院机械与车辆工程学院南昌 330108
2 上海电力大学环境与化学工程学院上海市电力材料防护与新材料重点实验室上海 201306
3 江西恒大高新技术股份有限公司南昌 330096
4 南昌大学物理与材料学院南昌 330031

Effect of Sensitization Treatment on Electrochemical Behavior and Intergranular Corrosion of Conventional and Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steels

HE Wuhao¹, LIU Yang², YANG Siyi², ZHANG Shaodong³, WU Wei²^,³^,⁴(

), ZHANG Junxi²

1 School of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Nanchang Institute of Science & Technology, Nanchang 330108, China
2 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials in Electric Power, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 201306, China
3 Jiangxi Hengda Hi-Tech Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330096, China
4 School of Physics and Materials, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China

引用本文:

何武豪, 刘阳, 杨思懿, 张韶栋, 吴伟, 张俊喜. 敏化处理对传统和增材制造316L不锈钢电化学和晶间腐蚀的影响[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2025, 45(5): 1331-1340.
Wuhao HE, Yang LIU, Siyi YANG, Shaodong ZHANG, Wei WU, Junxi ZHANG. Effect of Sensitization Treatment on Electrochemical Behavior and Intergranular Corrosion of Conventional and Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steels[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2025, 45(5): 1331-1340.

全文: PDF(17475 KB) HTML

摘要:

通过组织分析、电化学测试和各种表征手段对比研究了传统工艺和选区激光熔化(SLM)316L奥氏体不锈钢的耐点蚀能力和晶间腐蚀敏感性，阐明了敏化处理时间对316L不锈钢电化学行为的影响机制。研究表明，未经过处理时，传统和SLM 316L不锈钢耐点蚀能力相当，晶间腐蚀敏感性均较低。敏化处理导致两种316L不锈钢的点蚀电位有不同程度的降低，且经过长时间敏化后，SLM 316L不锈钢的耐点蚀性能显著低于传统316L不锈钢。同时，经过敏化后，两种316L不锈钢的晶间腐蚀敏感性有所升高，且随着敏化时间的延长，传统316L不锈钢的晶间腐蚀敏感性增长速度更快。微观形貌和成分分析表明，在晶间和晶粒内部都出现了沿着夹杂物/碳化物等优先溶解的特征，显然二者之间的电化学性质差异与两种不锈钢的微观组织结构有直接关联。

关键词 ：增材制造, 奥氏体不锈钢, 动电位极化, 电化学阻抗谱, 晶间腐蚀

Abstract：

The pitting corrosion resistance and intergranular corrosion (IGC) sensitivity of conventional and selective laser melted (SLM) 316L austenitic stainless steels were comparatively assessed via electrochemical measurements, microstructure analysis, and various characterization methods. The results indicate that both the as received conventional and SLM 316L stainless steel exhibit similar pitting corrosion resistance and low intergranular corrosion sensitivity. However after being subjected to sensitization treatment, the types of 316L stainless steel present varying degrees of reduction in the pitting potential, and with the increasing sensitization time, the SLM 316L stainless steel shows significantly lower pitting corrosion resistance than the conventional 316L stainless steel. Additionally, after sensitization treated, the IGC sensitivity of both types of 316L stainless steel increases, with the conventional 316L stainless steel showing a faster growth rate in IGC sensitivity as the sensitization time extends. Micromorphology and compositional analysis indicate that preferential dissolution occur along inclusions or carbides both intergranularly and within the grains. This shows that the difference in electrochemical properties between the two stainless steels is directly related to their different microstructures.

Key words： additive manufacturing austenitic stainless steel potentiodynamic polarization EIS intergranular corrosion

收稿日期: 2024-11-28 32134.14.1005.4537.2024.387

ZTFLH:

TG172

基金资助:江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ2202904)

通讯作者: 吴伟，E-mail：wuweicorr@shiep.edu.cn，研究方向为能源电力材料腐蚀与防护

Corresponding author: WU Wei, E-mail: wuweicorr@shiep.edu.cn

作者简介: 何武豪，男，1988年生，硕士，讲师

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图1 敏化0、0.5、1、4和10 h后的传统及SLM 316L不锈钢的IPF图

图2 敏化0、0.5、1、4和10 h后传统和SLM 316L不锈钢的TEM图

图3 传统和SLM 316L 不锈钢的动电位极化曲线

图4 传统和SLM 316L不锈钢的电化学参数

图5 传统和SLM 316L不锈钢的EIS谱

图6 传统和SLM 316L不锈钢的EIS拟合等效电路及拟合的Rf + Rct值

图7 传统和SLM 316L不锈钢通过DL-EPR测试获得的电位与电流密度曲线

图8 两种316L不锈钢敏化程度与敏化时间的关系图

图9 传统316L不锈钢经过DL-EPR测试后的表面形貌图

图10 敏化10 h后的传统316L不锈钢在DL-EPR测试后的EDS分析

图11 SLM 316L不锈钢经过DL-EPR测试后的表面形貌图

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