激光淬火对<strong>AISI 4130</strong>钢微观组织结构及腐蚀、磨损行为的影响机制

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2023.157

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2023, Vol. 43

Issue (4): 713-724 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2023.157 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2023.157

中国腐蚀与防护学会杰出青年成就奖论文专栏

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激光淬火对AISI 4130钢微观组织结构及腐蚀、磨损行为的影响机制

肖檬¹, 王勤英¹(

), 张兴寿¹, 西宇辰¹(

), 白树林², 董立谨¹, 张进¹, 杨俊杰³

^1.西南石油大学新能源与材料学院成都 610500
^2.北京大学材料科学与工程学院北京 100871
^3.成都中原总机石油机械有限公司成都 610400

Effect of Laser Quenching on Microstructure, Corrosion and Wear Behavior of AISI 4130 Steel

XIAO Meng¹, WANG Qinying¹(

), ZHANG Xingshou¹, XI Yuchen¹(

), BAI Shulin², DONG Lijin¹, ZHANG Jin¹, YANG Junjie³

^1.School of New Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
^2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
^3.Chengdu Zhongyuan Petroleum Machinery Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610400, China

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摘要:

为改善AISI 4130钢表面硬度和腐蚀磨损性能，用高功率激光器在AISI 4130钢表面制备淬火层，利用扫描电镜 (SEM) 和X射线衍射仪 (XRD) 研究不同功率淬火试样的微观结构，利用电化学工作站分析淬火前后试样的耐蚀性能，利用维氏显微硬度仪对淬火试样截面进行硬度测试，采用往复摩擦磨损试验机，测试不同淬火试样的耐磨损性能。结果表明，激光淬火后AISI 4130钢表面主要为马氏体组织和富Cr碳化物颗粒。基材、2.0 kW淬火试样及2.2 kW淬火试样的维钝电流密度依次为60.00、102.28 和108.58 µA/cm²，淬火试样的耐蚀性降低。激光处理后，淬火层表面硬度提高了85%以上，AISI 4130钢基体与2.0和2.2 kW激光淬火试样的平均摩擦系数分别为0.366、0.293和0.195，摩擦系数下降，淬火试样的耐磨性提高。

关键词 ：激光淬火, AISI 4130钢, 微观组织, 耐蚀性, 耐磨性

Abstract：

Laser quenching technology is widely used as a means for the strengthening in the field of metallic materials. Laser quenched materials have the advantages of high precision, small heat affected zone, uniform carbide dispersion and finer grains. In order to improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of AISI 4130 steel used in petroleum field, a high hardness and high wear resistance quenching layer was prepared on the surface of AISI 4130 steel by laser quenching technology. The effect of quenching power on the microstructure evolution, corrosion resistance, microhardness and wear resistance of AISI4130 steel were investigated. AISI4130 steel samples of 10 mm×10 mm×8 mm (L×W×H) were prepared by wire cut electric discharge machine. The quenching layer was prepared on the surface of AISI 4130 steel by high power laser. The microstructure and element distribution characteristics of the steel quenched with different power was studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) with EDS and X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The corrosion resistance of the steel before and after quenching was assessed by electrochemical workstation and immersion test. The hardness of quenched steels was measured by Vickers microhardness tester. The wear resistance of different quenched steels was tested by reciprocating friction and wear tester, while the wear scratch morphology was analyzed by three-dimensional optical microscope. After laser quenching, the surface microstructure of AISI 4130 steel was obviously refined and composed of mainly martensite and Cr-rich carbide particles. The thickness of the heat affected zone of the steels of laser quenched at 2.0 and 2.2 kW was 501.5 and 553.6 μm, respectively. The impedance arc radius of the bare AISI 4130 steel and two quenched steels may be ranked as the following: 2.2 kW quenched >2.0 kW quenched >substrate. The passive current density of the bare steel, 2.0 kW- and 2.2 kW-quenched steel was 60.00,102.28 and 108.58 μA/cm², respectively. The passivation current density of the two quenched steels was about 1.7 times that of the bare one. After quenching, the surface hardness of the steel increased by more than 85%. The average friction coefficient of the bare AISI 4130 steel and 2.0 kW- and 2.2 kW-laser quenched ones was 0.366, 0.293 and 0.195, respectively. Compared with the bare steel, the volume wear rate of 2.0 kW- and 2.2 kW-laser quenched ones was reduced by 25% and 36%, respectively. The wear resistance of quenched steels increased by 20% and 47%, respectively. The corrosion resistance of the quenched steels is reduced, but the corrosion resistance of the 2.0 kW quenched steel is better than that of the 2.2 kW ones. The precipitation of Cr-rich carbide particles in the steel will aggravate the destruction of the corrosion product film, resulting in a decrease in the corrosion resistance of the quenched steel. The higher the carbide content on the surface of the quenched steel, the more difficult it is to cut the convex surface of the abrasive into a tough phase and the wear rate of the sample surface decreases, thereby improving the overall wear resistance of the material.

Key words： laser quenching AISI 4130 steel microstructure corrosion resistance wear resistance

收稿日期: 2023-05-11 32134.14.1005.4537.2023.157

ZTFLH:

TG178

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(52174007);国家自然科学基金(51801167);四川省省院省校科技合作研发项目(23SYSX0127)

通讯作者: 王勤英，E-mail: wangqy0401@swpu.edu.cn，研究方向为激光增材再制造，油气田材料腐蚀与防护;西宇辰，E-mail: xycsony3@126.com，研究方向为油气田材料腐蚀与防护

Corresponding author: WANG Qin-ying, E-mail: wangqy0401@swpu.edu.cn;XI Yu-chen, E-mail: xycsony3@126.com

作者简介: 肖檬，女，1999年生，硕士生
王勤英，1987 年生，2015 年7 月毕业于北京大学，获理学博士学位，后于加拿大阿尔伯塔大学从事博士后研究工作。现就职于西南石油大学，教授，院长助理。王勤英博士长期从事油气装备激光修复研究。率先引入SHAP和ALE可解释方法阐明了环境因素间的交互效应及其对油气田材料点蚀的作用规律，揭示了复杂油气钻采环境对激光修复层不同熔覆区表面钝化膜稳定性的影响机制，形成了油气装备高耐蚀耐磨激光修复全流程工艺。先后主持国家自然科学基金面上项目、青年基金等科研项目10 项，成果在npj Mat. Degrad. 等期刊发表学术论文45 篇，授权专利3 件。成果应用于油田及油服企业，解决了油气装备修复难、耐蚀耐磨性差的技术难题，获中国石油和化工自动化行业科技进步二等奖等科研奖励共3 项。入选中国科协“青年人才托举工程”、澳大利亚教育部“奋进”学者、四川省学术和技术带头人后备人选，现为校青年科技创新团队带头人。兼任中国腐蚀与防护学会青年工作委员会委员，中国腐蚀与防护学会磨蚀与防护技术专委会、非金属耐蚀材料及先进制备技术专委会委员，四川省腐蚀与防护学会理事，《中国腐蚀与防护学报》等期刊的编委或青年编委。2023 年获得中国腐蚀与防护学会杰出青年成就奖。

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引用本文:

肖檬, 王勤英, 张兴寿, 西宇辰, 白树林, 董立谨, 张进, 杨俊杰. 激光淬火对AISI 4130钢微观组织结构及腐蚀、磨损行为的影响机制[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2023, 43(4): 713-724.
XIAO Meng, WANG Qinying, ZHANG Xingshou, XI Yuchen, BAI Shulin, DONG Lijin, ZHANG Jin, YANG Junjie. Effect of Laser Quenching on Microstructure, Corrosion and Wear Behavior of AISI 4130 Steel. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2023, 43(4): 713-724.

链接本文:

https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2023.157 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2023/V43/I4/713

图1 激光表面淬火示意图

图2 AISI 4130钢基材与淬火试样的表面微观结构

图3 AISI 4130钢2 kW激光淬火后截面的微观组织

图4 AISI 4130钢2.2 kW激光淬火后截面的微观组织

图5 AISI 4130钢淬火后截面元素分布特征

图6 AISI 4130钢基材与LQ试样的XRD谱

图7 AISI 4130钢基材与2.0 kW、2.2 kW功率LQ试样的EIS图

表2 AISI 4130钢在不同激光功率下阻抗拟合数据

图8 AISI 4130钢基材与2.0和2.2 kW功率LQ试样的动电位极化曲线

图9 AISI 4130钢在2.0和2.2 kW功率LQ后的截面显微硬度分布特征

图10 AISI 4130钢基材与2.0和2.2 kW功率LQ后试样的摩擦系数

图11 浸泡24 h后的表面微观形貌及截面元素分布

图12 AISI 4130钢基材和淬火试样的腐蚀机理示意图

图13 AISI 4130钢磨损划痕及元素分布

图14 AISI 4130钢磨损后3D形貌

图15 AISI 4130钢基材和淬火试样的磨损机理示意图

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