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中国腐蚀与防护学报  2026, Vol. 46 Issue (4): 1159-1168     CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.262      DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.262
  研究报告 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 |
一种低Re二代单晶高温合金的热腐蚀行为研究
杨鑫1, 车欣1(), 卢玉章2, 黄亚奇2, 王栋2, 申健2()
1.沈阳工业大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110870
2.中国科学院金属研究所 高温结构材料研究部 沈阳 110016
Hot Corrosion Behavior of a Low-Re Second-generation Single Crystal Superalloy
YANG Xin1, CHE Xin1(), LU Yuzhang2, HUANG Yaqi2, WANG Dong2, SHEN Jian2()
1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
2.High-Temperature Structural Materials Research Department, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
引用本文:

杨鑫, 车欣, 卢玉章, 黄亚奇, 王栋, 申健. 一种低Re二代单晶高温合金的热腐蚀行为研究[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(4): 1159-1168.
Xin YANG, Xin CHE, Yuzhang LU, Yaqi HUANG, Dong WANG, Jian SHEN. Hot Corrosion Behavior of a Low-Re Second-generation Single Crystal Superalloy[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2026, 46(4): 1159-1168.

全文: PDF(29782 KB)   HTML
摘要: 

镍基单晶高温合金因其优异性能被广泛应用于航空发动机,但在沿海和海洋环境下易受Na2SO4与NaCl沉积诱发的高温热腐蚀。研究表明,混合盐会加速保护膜破坏并加深内部损伤,严重影响合金服役寿命。目前针对低Re二代单晶合金在不同盐介质下的热腐蚀行为研究有限,其机理尚需深入探讨。本文采用不连续增重法研究了低Re二代单晶高温合金900 ℃ Na2SO4和Na2SO4/NaCl两种熔盐环境下的热腐蚀行为。结果表明,Na2SO4/NaCl混合盐对合金的腐蚀作用更强,表现为氧化膜剥落加剧、腐蚀层厚度增加及内部损伤加深。单一Na2SO4盐环境下可形成相对连续的Al2O3保护膜,而混合盐中Cl⁻与S⁻共同作用诱发氯化–氧化循环及硫化反应,破坏氧化膜完整性,导致合金快速劣化。

关键词 高温合金低ReNa2SO4/NaCl热腐蚀腐蚀行为    
Abstract

Nickel-based single-crystal superalloys are extensively applied in aero-engines due to their superior high-temperature performance. However, in coastal and marine environments, they are highly susceptible to hot corrosion induced by Na2SO4 and NaCl deposits. Previous studies have revealed that mixed salts accelerate the degradation of protective oxide scale and intensify the internal corrosion, thus significantly reducing the service life of alloy components. Nevertheless, systematic investigations on the hot corrosion behavior of low-Re second-generation single-crystal superalloys in different salt environments remain scarce, and the underlying mechanisms require further clarification. Therefore, the hot corrosion behavior of a low-Re second-generation single-crystal superalloy at 900 ℃ beneath deposits of pure Na2SO4 and mixed Na2SO4/NaCl salts in air was investigated using the discontinuous weight change measurement method. Results show that the Na2SO4/NaCl mixed salt exhibits more severe corrosive effect, manifested by intensified oxide scale spallation, increased corrosion products thickness, and aggravated internal corrosion. Beneath the pure Na2SO4 salt deposit, a relatively continuous Al2O3 protective oxide scale is formed on the alloy surface, whereas beneath the mixed salt, the synergistic action of Cl- and S- triggers a chlorination-oxidation cycle and sulfidation reactions, which compromise the oxide scale integrity and accelerate the deterioration of the alloy.

Key wordssuperalloy    low Re    Na2SO4/NaCl    hot corrosion    corrosion behavior
收稿日期: 2025-08-21      32134.14.1005.4537.2025.262
ZTFLH:  TG174  
通讯作者: 车 欣,E-mail:xiaoxin2004068@163.com,研究方向为金属材料申健,E-mail:shenjian@imr.ac.cn,研究方向为高温合金
Corresponding author: CHE Xin, E-mail: xiaoxin2004068@163.comSHEN JIAN, E-mail: shenjian@imr.ac.cn
作者简介: 杨 鑫,男,1999年生,硕士生
图1  低Re合金的铸态组织及热处理态组织
图2  两种盐环境下镍基单晶高温合金在900 ℃腐蚀100 h的腐蚀增重曲线
图3  两种盐环境下的镍基单晶高温合金在900 ℃热腐蚀不同时间后的宏观形貌
图4  两种盐环境下的镍基单晶高温合金表面在900 ℃热腐蚀20 h和100 h后的XRD图
图5  单一盐与混合盐环境镍基单晶高温合金在900 ℃热腐蚀20 h和100 h后的表面形貌图
LocationNiCrAlCoNbTi
A220.30.9480.20.5
B31.24.414.210.4--
C38.5--7.933.8-
D11.63.3-5.735.22.8
E72.5--11.6--
F13.819.51.643.9-1.3
G430.8-41.5--
H37.82.4-5.825.20.9
J41.66.21610.9-1.4
表1  图5选区内各点EDS结果 (mass fraction / %)
图6  单一盐与混合盐环境镍基单晶高温合金在900 ℃热腐蚀20 h后的截面形貌图
图7  单一盐与混合盐环境镍基单晶高温合金在900 ℃热腐蚀100 h后截面形貌图
图8  典型氧化物的标准生成自由能曲线
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