船舶<strong>EH40</strong>钢在低温和常温海水中的腐蚀机理研究

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2024.202

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2025, Vol. 45

Issue (3): 620-630 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2024.202 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2024.202

研究报告

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船舶EH40钢在低温和常温海水中的腐蚀机理研究

刘家兵, 黄诗雨, 郭娜(

), 郭章伟, 刘涛

上海海事大学海洋科学与工程学院上海深远海洋装备材料工程技术研究中心上海 201306

Corrosion Behavior of EH40 Marine Steel in Artificial Seawater at Low- and Ambient-Temperatures

LIU Jiabing, HUANG Shiyu, GUO Na(

), GUO Zhangwei, LIU Tao

Institute of Marine Materials Science and Engineering, College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China

引用本文:

刘家兵, 黄诗雨, 郭娜, 郭章伟, 刘涛. 船舶EH40钢在低温和常温海水中的腐蚀机理研究[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2025, 45(3): 620-630.
Jiabing LIU, Shiyu HUANG, Na GUO, Zhangwei GUO, Tao LIU. Corrosion Behavior of EH40 Marine Steel in Artificial Seawater at Low- and Ambient-Temperatures[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2025, 45(3): 620-630.

全文: PDF(24065 KB) HTML

摘要:

为研究船舶EH40钢在低温与常温海水中的腐蚀机理，将试样浸泡于0和25 ℃模拟海水环境中，阐明不同浸泡周期下的腐蚀速率和电化学行为规律，利用配备能谱仪的扫描电镜观察腐蚀产物表面/截面形貌和成分分布特征，采用X射线衍射和光电子能谱技术分析腐蚀产物物相组成。结果表明：浸泡试验(过程)第1~3 d，试样在0 ℃海水中的腐蚀速率更高而点蚀数量更少，这归因于低温海水中高的溶解氧浓度和试样表面腐蚀产物的均匀覆盖；随着浸泡周期延长，25 ℃海水中钢样的腐蚀速率高于0 ℃海水，这是由于EH40钢在常温海水中具有更高的电化学活性和耐蚀性更差的腐蚀产物层；钢样在两种温度海水环境中产生的含Fe腐蚀产物主要为FeOOH，Fe₂O₃和Fe₃O₄，但25 ℃海水中的钢样在浸泡后期会产生碳酸钙镁盐沉淀，与含Fe腐蚀产物共同构成腐蚀产物膜，降低了锈层的腐蚀保护性。

关键词 ： EH40钢, 低温海水, 常温海水, 腐蚀机理

Abstract：

The corrosion behavior of EH40 marine steel was assessed by means of immersion tests in an artificial seawater at 0 and 25 ℃ for various period respectively Then the variation of corrosion rate, morphology and composition of corrosion products were characterized via electrochemical measurement, scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy etc. The results indicated that during the first three days of immersion, the corrosion rate of the steel at 0 ℃ was much higher with the formation fewer pits, which may be attributed to the high dissolved oxygen concentration and the uniform coverage of corrosion products on the steel surface in the low-temperature seawater. As the immersion period extended, the corrosion rate of the steel at 25 ℃ was higher than that at 0 ℃, which may be due to the higher electrochemical activity and less protectiveness of the formed product layer on EH40 steel at 25 ℃. The main iron-containing corrosion products formed at the two temperatures were FeOOH, Fe₂O₃ and Fe₃O₄. However, in the later stages of immersion in the artificial seawater at 25 ℃, precipitates of calcium and magnesium carbonate could form, which mixed with the iron-containing corrosion products to create a corrosion product film, further deteriorating the protectiveness of the rust layer.

Key words： EH40 steel low-temperature seawater ambient-temperature seawater corrosionmechanism

收稿日期: 2024-07-07 32134.14.1005.4537.2024.202

ZTFLH:

TG172

基金资助:中国博士后科学基金(2023M742213);国家资助博士后研究人员计划C档(GZC20231538);上海市科学技术委员会自然科学基金(24ZR1427800)

通讯作者: 郭娜，E-mail：naguo@shmtu.edu.cn，研究方向为海洋工程材料

Corresponding author: GUO Na, E-mail: naguo@shmtu.edu.cn

作者简介: 刘家兵，女，2000年生，硕士生

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图1 模拟海水在0和25 ℃下pH和DO随时间变化

图2 EH 40钢样在0 ℃和25 ℃海水中浸泡不同时间宏观形貌及腐蚀速率和腐蚀量柱状图

图3 EH40钢样在0和25 ℃海水中浸泡不同时间后去除表面腐蚀产物后的光学照片

图4 EH40钢在模拟海水中浸泡不同周期后的阻抗谱图与等效电路模型

表1 等效电路中所用元件的拟合值

图5 EH40钢样在0和25 ℃海水中浸泡不同时间后表面腐蚀产物膜SEM图像和EDS元素分析

表2 EH40钢样在0和25 ℃海水中浸泡不同时间后表面腐蚀产物膜 EDS元素质量分数

图6 EH40钢样在0和25 ℃海水中浸泡14 d后腐蚀产物膜截面SEM图像和EDS元素分析

表3 EH40钢样在0和25 ℃海水中浸泡14 d后腐蚀产物膜截面EDS元素质量分数

图7 EH40钢样在海水中浸泡不同时间后表面腐蚀产物的XPS图谱

图8 EH40钢样在海水中浸泡不同时间后表面腐蚀产物的XRD谱

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