掺氢天然气输送管材氢脆与腐蚀复合防护技术研究进展

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2024.276

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2025, Vol. 45

Issue (2): 327-337 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2024.276 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2024.276

临氢关键材料服役行为研究专刊

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掺氢天然气输送管材氢脆与腐蚀复合防护技术研究进展

崔博伦¹, 赵杰¹^,²(

), 吕冉¹, 李敬法², 宇波², 闫东雷³

^1.北京石油化工学院安全工程学院北京 102627
^2.北京石油化工学院氢能研究中心北京 102627
^3.北京京辉绿氢新能源科技有限公司北京 102400

Research Progress in Composite Protection Technology Against Hydrogen-embrittlement and -corrosion for Hydrogen-blended Natural Gas Pipeline

CUI Bolun¹, ZHAO Jie¹^,²(

), LV Ran¹, LI Jingfa², YU Bo², YAN Donglei³

^1.School of Safety Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102627, China
^2.Hydrogen Energy Research Center, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102627, China
^3.Beijing Jinghui Green Hydrogen New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102400, China

引用本文:

崔博伦, 赵杰, 吕冉, 李敬法, 宇波, 闫东雷. 掺氢天然气输送管材氢脆与腐蚀复合防护技术研究进展[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2025, 45(2): 327-337.
Bolun CUI, Jie ZHAO, Ran LV, Jingfa LI, Bo YU, Donglei YAN. Research Progress in Composite Protection Technology Against Hydrogen-embrittlement and -corrosion for Hydrogen-blended Natural Gas Pipeline[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2025, 45(2): 327-337.

全文: PDF(15694 KB) HTML

摘要:

氢能作为一种高效且清洁的能源，将氢气掺入天然气长输管道中，不仅可以提高绿色氢能在能源领域的利用率，还能加速我国向新能源转型的步伐。氢气的掺入改变了常规天然气管道的失效规律，提高了天然气管道的氢脆与腐蚀的双重风险。本文通过文献研究，系统总结了针对管道氢脆与腐蚀的复合防护技术，主要涵盖含Ni类涂层技术、含Mo类涂层技术、氧化石墨烯类涂层技术以及金属和金属氧化物有机复合涂层，分析了各项技术的特点及其发展现状。相比于无机涂层，有机复合涂层的种类更加丰富，适用范围更广，且有机复合涂层阻氢和防腐蚀的双重防护性能更加优异。现阶段对涂层的氢脆敏感性测试实验多以电化学液相氢渗透实验为主，与掺氢天然气的高压气态氢工况存在一定差异，未来气液相氢渗透共存并耦合腐蚀的实验将成为研究热点。本文可为掺氢天然气管道的阻氢和防腐复合涂层防护技术研究提供参考。

关键词 ：掺氢天然气, 氢脆, 腐蚀, 复合防护技术, 涂层

Abstract：

Hydrogen energy, known as an efficient and clean energy source, has significant potential when it is blended with natural gas and transported by the existing pipeline for long distance. This integration not only boosts the utilization of green hydrogen in the energy sector, but also accelerates the country's transition to new energy sources. However, the participation of hydrogen alters the conventional failure patterns of natural gas pipelines, increasing the risks of hydrogen-embrittlement and -corrosion. This paper systematically reviews the latest advancements in composite protection technologies designed to mitigate hydrogen-embrittlement and -corrosion of pipelines. The composite protection technologies for hydrogen-embrittlement and -corrosion of pipelines were summarized, including those related with Ni-containing coatings, Mo-containing coatings, graphene oxide coatings, and metal or metal oxide-organic composite coatings etc., so as the characteristics and development status of every tech. Compared to inorganic coatings, organic composite coatings offer greater versatility, broader applicability, and enhanced dual protection against both hydrogen-permeation and -corrosion. Currently, the electrochemical liquid-phase hydrogen permeation is adopted as the main testing method for hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity of coatings, however which can not faithfully reproduce the high-pressure gaseous hydrogen environments of hydrogen-blended natural gas pipelines. In the future a new hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity test method for coatings may be expected, which should be conducted under conditions of hydrogen permeation induced by combine the coexistence of gas- and liquid-phase hydrogen charging while companied with corrosion. Finally, this review may provide valuable insights for the development of hydrogen permeation-resistant and anti-corrosion composite coating technologies for hydrogen-blended natural gas pipelines.

Key words： hydrogen-blended natural gas hydrogen embrittlement corrosion composite protection technology coating

收稿日期: 2024-08-30 32134.14.1005.4537.2024.276

ZTFLH:

TE832

基金资助:国家市场监督管理总局科技技术项目(2023MK123);国家自然科学基金(52372311)

通讯作者: 赵杰，E-mail：zhaojie@bipt.edu.cn，研究方向为过程装备安全评价技术

Corresponding author: ZHAO Jie, E-mail: zhaojie@bipt.edu.cn

作者简介: 崔博伦，男，2002年生，硕士生

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图1 未涂覆、电镀Ni和非晶态Ni-P涂层钢的H渗透曲线和动电位极化曲线[11]

图2 腐蚀后Ni-P-SiO2@Ni和Ni-P-SiO2涂层的微观形貌[14]

图3 Ni-P镀层和Ni-P-Ti3C2T x /MoS2复合镀层的腐蚀示意图[16]

图4 材料截面SEM图[21]

图5 H吸附Fe(111)和MoS2/Fe(111)薄膜的界面电荷转移对比图(黄色和蓝色分别代表电子积累和耗尽)[23]

图6 EP、5%-EP、15%-EP的氢渗透曲线图[29]

图7 涂层在3.5%NaCl溶液浸泡120 h后的Nyquist图[29]

图8 不同涂层的SEM形貌[36]

图9 氢渗透示意图[36]

图10 APTES-GO纳米片层改变腐蚀物质的渗透路径[5]

图11 不同填料含量涂层的横截面图[45]

图12 PET基材、EP涂层PET和复合涂层涂层涂层PET的H2气体透过率(GTR)，不同填料含量的EP和复合涂层的H2渗透系数值，气体渗透机示意图PET、EP涂层PET和复合涂层覆盖PET的H2气体分子渗透过程和还原机理示意图[45]

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