压水堆核电厂热态功能试验水化学与设备材料腐蚀关系的研究进展

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2023.180

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2024, Vol. 44

Issue (3): 529-539 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2023.180 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2023.180

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压水堆核电厂热态功能试验水化学与设备材料腐蚀关系的研究进展

彭立园¹^,², 吴欣强¹(

), 张兹瑜¹, 谭季波¹

1.中国科学院金属研究所中国科学院核用材料与安全评价重点实验室沈阳 110016
2.中国科学技术大学材料科学与工程学院合肥 230026

Review on Relationship Between Hot Functional Test Water Chemistry and Corrosion Behavior of Related Component Materials in Pressurized Water Reactor Nuclear Power Plants

PENG Liyuan¹^,², WU Xinqiang¹(

), ZHANG Ziyu¹, TAN Jibo¹

1. CAS Key Laboratory of Nuclear Materials and Safety Assessment, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China

引用本文:

彭立园, 吴欣强, 张兹瑜, 谭季波. 压水堆核电厂热态功能试验水化学与设备材料腐蚀关系的研究进展[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2024, 44(3): 529-539.
Liyuan PENG, Xinqiang WU, Ziyu ZHANG, Jibo TAN. Review on Relationship Between Hot Functional Test Water Chemistry and Corrosion Behavior of Related Component Materials in Pressurized Water Reactor Nuclear Power Plants[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2024, 44(3): 529-539.

全文: PDF(1872 KB) HTML

摘要:

热态功能试验(HFT)是新建核电厂装载燃料前的试运行阶段，目的是验证压水堆(PWR)核电厂在冷态、正常运行和停堆的整个温度和压力范围内相关设备和系统的功能响应，以确保其能按设计要求正常运行。HFT水化学可以在PWR一回路关键设备表面形成一层稳定、具有保护性的预氧化膜，有效降低设备材料在后续长期正常运行过程中的腐蚀速率、金属离子的释放速率及放射性核素在腐蚀产物膜中的掺杂，进而缓解核电厂的腐蚀，降低停堆辐射剂量率。本文综述了目前PWR核电厂应用的HFT水化学与优化HFT水化学参数的研究评价方法，分析了H₃BO₃、LiOH、pH_T、溶解氢及注Zn等HFT水化学因素对关键设备材料腐蚀行为的影响，指出了目前HFT水化学研究中的不足和进一步的研究方向。

关键词 ： PWR核电厂, 热态功能试验, 水化学, 辐射剂量率, 腐蚀速率

Abstract：

Hot functional test (HFT) involves a number of pre-operational exercises without fuel performed to confirm the operability of newly constructed nuclear power plants in the conditions expected during both normal and off-normal operations of a pressurized water reactor (PWR). HFT water chemistry provides an opportunity to produce a stable and protective oxide scale on the key equipment in the primary coolant of PWR which can greatly reduce the corrosion rate of the substrate, the release of the metal ions and the incorporation of activated corrosion products during the subsequently long-term normal operations, and furthermore, relief the dose rate and decrease the corrosion rates of the related component materials for the nuclear power plants. HFT water chemistry adopted in PWR nuclear power plants and the evaluation methods for the HFT water chemistry optimization are reviewed in the present work. The effect of boric acid, lithium hydroxide, pH_T, dissolved hydrogen and Zn injection on the corrosion behavior of key components materials are analyzed. Challenges and trends for HFT water chemistry optimization in the future are also addressed.

Key words： PWR nuclear power plants hot functional test water chemistry dose rate corrosion rate

收稿日期: 2023-05-29 32134.14.1005.4537.2023.180

ZTFLH:

TG174

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(52171085)

通讯作者: 吴欣强，E-mail：xqwu@imr.ac.cn，研究方向为核电结构材料服役损伤行为与评价技术

Corresponding author: WU Xinqiang, E-mail: xqwu@imr.ac.cn

作者简介: 彭立园，女，1990年生，博士生

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图1 分步HFT工艺各阶段水化学参数[8]

图2 Tomari 3号机组和对照机组中的HFT水化学参数(未显示Tomari 3号机组中的Zn浓度)[16]

表1 典型HFT和注Zn分步HFT水化学参数对比[19]

图3 304H不锈钢和690合金经AP1000核电机组的HFT水化学(注Zn的分步HFT水化学)预氧化处理后表面预成膜的XPS深度分布图[19]

图4 Ni/NiO转变线随DH浓度和温度的变化关系[36,37]

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