超高性能海水海砂混凝土的硫酸盐腐蚀破坏机理研究

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2023.087

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2023, Vol. 43

Issue (5): 1101-1110 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2023.087 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2023.087

海洋材料腐蚀与防护及钢筋混凝土耐久性与设施服役安全专栏

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

超高性能海水海砂混凝土的硫酸盐腐蚀破坏机理研究

李田雨¹, 王维康², 李扬涛¹, 包腾飞¹(

), 赵梦凡¹, 沈欣欣³, 倪磊³, 马庆磊⁴, 田惠文⁵(

)

^1.河海大学水利水电学院南京 210098
^2.武汉大学水利水电学院武汉 430070
^3.南通市建筑科学研究院有限公司南通 226000
^4.江苏金陵特种涂料有限公司扬州 225212
^5.中国科学院海洋研究所海洋环境腐蚀与生物污损重点实验室青岛 266071

Corrosion Failure Mechanism of Ultra-high-performance Concretes Prepared with Sea Water and Sea Sand in an Artificial Sea Water Containing Sulfate

LI Tianyu¹, WANG Weikang², LI Yangtao¹, BAO Tengfei¹(

), ZHAO Mengfan¹, SHEN Xinxin³, NI Lei³, MA Qinglei⁴, TIAN Huiwen⁵(

)

^1.College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
^2.School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430070, China
^3.Nantong Academy of Building Research Co., Ltd., Nantong 226000, China
^4.Jiangsu Jinling Special Coatings Co., Ltd., Yangzhou 225212, China
^5.Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-Fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China

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摘要:

使用海水和海砂制备超高性能混凝土，并以淡水河砂制备的超高性能混凝土进行对比。在开展硫酸盐侵蚀作用下腐蚀破坏规律研究的基础上，采用压汞法、扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪和X射线衍射仪技术揭示了两种混凝土在硫酸盐侵蚀作用下的损伤机制并总结了其损伤机理。随着硫酸盐侵蚀的发展，混凝土表层的水泥石与Mg²⁺和SO^2-₄反应生成钙矾石以及石膏等硫酸盐腐蚀产物，大量腐蚀产物的出现一方面消耗了Ca(OH)₂和C-S-H凝胶等水化产物，另一方面使混凝土表面的水泥石失去强度和胶结力，进而出现脱落的现象。混凝土表层的溶蚀，暴露出了位于表层区域的集料和钢纤维，钢纤维接触到环境中的H₂O发生了锈蚀。随着硫酸盐腐蚀的进行，暴露在环境中的混凝土表面进一步加快了AFt以及石膏等硫酸盐腐蚀产物的生成，造成失去强度的砂浆与混凝土表面的钢纤维一起脱落，暴露出内部并形成新的混凝土外表面。区别于传统的3种硫酸盐腐蚀破坏形式，超高性能混凝土的硫酸盐腐蚀破坏形式更加复杂，但这些破坏特征均只发生在混凝土表层毫米级的范围内，混凝土内部仍保持着优异的力学与耐久性特征，对混凝土结构的整体影响较小，两种混凝土展现出优异的抗硫酸盐侵蚀性能。

关键词 ：海砂, 超高性能混凝土, 硫酸盐腐蚀, 微观结构, 损伤机理

Abstract：

Sulfate is one of the main components of sea water. Concrete structures serving in marine environment may come into contact with sea water, thereby, a series of sulfate induced chemical reactions occurred to cause the destruction of concrete. According to the characteristics of corrosion products, the sulfate induced corrosion attacks may be divided into the following three types, i.e., ettringite sulfate attack, gypsum sulfate attack and carbonite sulfate attack. In this paper, the corrosion behavior of the ultra-high-performance concretes prepared with sea water and sea sand (SSUHPC), as well as those with fresh water and river sand (FRUHPC) were comparatively studied in an artificial sea water containing sulfates. Based on the study of the evolution of sulfate induced corrosion degradation process, the corrosion damage mechanism related with SSUHPC and FRUHPC was revealed by using MIP, SEM-EDS and XRD techniques, and the damage mechanism was summarized. With the progress of sulfate corrosion process, the cementite on the surface of concrete reacts with Mg²⁺ and SO^2-₄ to produce corrosion products such as AFt and gypsum sulfate etc. On the one hand, the formation of a large number of corrosion products may consume hydration products such as Ca(OH)₂ and C-S-H gel; on the other hand, the cementite on the surface of concrete loses strength and cementation, and then falls off. Due to the corrosion damage of the concrete surface layer, the aggregates and steel reinforce bars within the concrete are exposed, therewith, the steel bars will rust once they come into contact with the corrosive fluids within the environment. With the progress of sulfate corrosion, the formation of corrosion products Aft, gypsum sulfate etc.is speeded, and which cumulated on the exposed concrete surface. Hence, the mortar that loses strength falls off together with the steel bars from the concrete surface, so that to further expose the interior of the concrete, which in turn, act as a “new outer surface” of the concrete faced to the corrosive environment. Different from the traditional three types of sulfate corrosion failure forms, the damage forms of ultra-high-performance concrete are more complex, but these damage characteristics only occur within the millimeter range of the concrete surface, and the concrete still maintains excellent mechanical and durability characteristics internally, with little overall impact on the concrete structure. In sum, the SSUHPC and FRUHPC show excellent sulfate resistance.

Key words： sea sand UHPC sulphate corrosion microstructure damage mechanism

收稿日期: 2023-03-27 32134.14.1005.4537.2023.087

ZTFLH:

TD123

基金资助:江苏省卓越博士后计划，江苏省科技厅科技项目基础研究计划自然科学基金(SBK2023040182);江苏省土木建筑学会科研课题

通讯作者: 包腾飞，E-mail: baotf@hhu.edu.cn，研究方向为超高性能混凝土耐久性损伤机理；田惠文，E-mail: tianhuiwen@qdio.ac.cn，研究方向为海工环境友好型防腐关键技术

Corresponding author: BAO Tengfei, E-mail: baotf@hhu.edu.cn;TIAN Huiwen, E-mail: tianhuiwen@qdio.ac.cn

作者简介: 李田雨，男，1993年生，博士，讲师

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引用本文:

李田雨, 王维康, 李扬涛, 包腾飞, 赵梦凡, 沈欣欣, 倪磊, 马庆磊, 田惠文. 超高性能海水海砂混凝土的硫酸盐腐蚀破坏机理研究[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2023, 43(5): 1101-1110.
LI Tianyu, WANG Weikang, LI Yangtao, BAO Tengfei, ZHAO Mengfan, SHEN Xinxin, NI Lei, MA Qinglei, TIAN Huiwen. Corrosion Failure Mechanism of Ultra-high-performance Concretes Prepared with Sea Water and Sea Sand in an Artificial Sea Water Containing Sulfate. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2023, 43(5): 1101-1110.

链接本文:

https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2023.087 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2023/V43/I5/1101

表1 水泥、粉煤灰和硅灰的基本物理特性

表2 不同比例 (质量比) 的原料组成

图1 硫酸盐腐蚀期过程中SSUHPC的损伤规律

图2 硫酸盐腐蚀期过程中FRUHPC的损伤规律

图3 硫酸盐腐蚀过程中SSUHPC和FRUHPC之间的孔隙率变化

图4 硫酸盐腐蚀前SSUHPC和FRUHPC的微观结构特征

图5 硫酸盐腐蚀6个月后SSUHPC的表面

图6 硫酸盐腐蚀6个月后SSUHPC的内部

图7 硫酸盐腐蚀6个月后FRUHPC的表面

图8 硫酸盐腐蚀6个月后FRUHPC的内部

图9 SSUHPC和FRUHPC硫酸盐腐蚀前后的XRD谱

图10 FRUHPC和SSUHPC的硫酸盐腐蚀破坏机制示意图

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