A Review on Corrosion and Protection of Mg-alloy in Marine Environment

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2024.123

Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection

2025, Vol. 45

Issue (3): 533-547 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2024.123

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A Review on Corrosion and Protection of Mg-alloy in Marine Environment

WEI Ran¹^,²^,³, JIANG Quantong¹^,²^,³(

), SUN Chen⁴, WANG Weiwei⁴, DUAN Jizhou¹^,²^,³, HOU Baorong¹^,²^,³

^1.Key Laboratory of Advanced Marine Materials, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
^2.Sanya Institute of Ocean Eco-Environmental Engineering, Sanya 572000, China
^3.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
^4.China Quality Certification Centre Qingdao Branch, Qingdao 266061, China

Cite this article:

WEI Ran, JIANG Quantong, SUN Chen, WANG Weiwei, DUAN Jizhou, HOU Baorong. A Review on Corrosion and Protection of Mg-alloy in Marine Environment. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2025, 45(3): 533-547.

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Abstract

Mg-alloy have the advantages of low density and high specific strength, which are as green metal structural materials in the 21st century and show great potential in the application in marine environment. However, the poor corrosion resistance and unique marine environment limit their application. In this work, the corrosion behavior and corrosion mechanism of Mg-alloy in marine atmospheric environment, seawater immersion environment and coastal beach environment are reviewed. The effect of humidity, temperature and pollutants on the corrosion behavior of Mg-alloy in atmospheric environment and the effect of Cl^- on their corrosion behavior in seawater environment are analyzed. The corrosion mechanism of magnesium anode in seawater battery was introduced. The effect of microbial corrosion on metal corrosion behavior in beach environment is also briefly introduced. According to the application of Mg-alloy in marine environment, how to improve the corrosion resistance and service life of Mg-alloys is briefly introduced. Generally, there are two main methods to improve the corrosion resistance of Mg-alloys in marine atmospheric environment: one is to improve the corrosion resistance of Mg-alloy by alloying with other metal elements and changing the processing technology to alter the microstructure of Mg-alloys; the other is to form a chemical protective film on the surface of the Mg-alloys. Besides, Mg-alloys are mainly used as anode materials for seawater batteries in seawater environment, correspondingly, their electrochemical properties can be improved by adding other metal elements to Mg-alloys. Mg-alloy can be used as sacrificial anode material for pipelines in tidal flat environment, for that circumstance, mainly by adding metal elements to improve its cathodic protection efficiency. However, there are few studies on improving the protection efficiency of Mg-sacrificial anode in tidal flat environment, which needs further research in the future. This paper aims to provide a reference for the application and protection of Mg-alloys in the marine environment.

Key words: Mg-alloy marine environment coastal beaches environment seawater environment corrosion performance protection technique

Received: 13 April 2024 32134.14.1005.4537.2024.123

ZTFLH:

TG174

Fund: Hainan Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City Science and Technology Innovation Joint Project(2021CXLH0005);China Engineering Science and Technology Development Strategy Hai-nan Research Institute Consulting Research Project(22-HN-XZ-02)

Corresponding Authors: JIANG Quantong, E-mail: jiangquantong@qdio.ac.cn

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	WEI Ran
	JIANG Quantong
	SUN Chen
	WANG Weiwei
	DUAN Jizhou
	HOU Baorong

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https://www.jcscp.org/EN/10.11902/1005.4537.2024.123 OR https://www.jcscp.org/EN/Y2025/V45/I3/533

Fig.1 Main factors affecting the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys in different environments

Fig.2 Atmospheric corrosion mechanism of magnesium alloys

Fig.3 Electrochemical performances of AM60 alloy in thesolutions containing different concentrations of Cl^-: (a) corrosion current density curves, (b) polarization curves, (c) corresponding corrosion models^[33]

Fig.4 Schematic illustrations of galvanic corrosion process between aluminum anode and carbon steel in enriched artificial seawaters without (a) and with (b) SRB^[49]

Fig.5 Principle diagrams of surface treatment technologies: (a) micro-arc oxidation, (b) magnetron sputtering, (c) thermal spraying

Fig.6 Working principle diagram of seawater battery (a) and diagram of discharge device (b)^[82]

Fig.7 Performances of seawater activated Mg-CuCl batteries with AZ63, AZI and AZIT anodes in 3.5%NaCl solution at ambient temperature: (a) current density vs. cell voltage curves, (b) current density vs. power density curves, (c) schematic diagrams of the dissolution-reprecipitation mechanism of magnesium alloys activated by indium^[87]

Fig.8 Working principle diagram of sacrificial anode protection method

Table 1 Types and performance improvement methods of magnesium alloys used in different environments

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