Corrosion Behavior of Q355 Steel Under Erosion Load in a Simulated Marine Atmospheric Environment

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2025.252

Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection

2026, Vol. 46

Issue (3): 717-729 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.252

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Corrosion Behavior of Q355 Steel Under Erosion Load in a Simulated Marine Atmospheric Environment

ZHONG Zhenkun¹, GUAN Lei¹(

), FU Hanlong¹, WANG Jun², LIU Miaoran², JIE Ganxin²

^1.State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Jointly Built by the Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
^2.State Key Laboratory of Environmental Adaptability of Industrial Products, China National Electric Apparatus Research Institute Co. Ltd., Guangzhou 510663, China

Cite this article:

ZHONG Zhenkun, GUAN Lei, FU Hanlong, WANG Jun, LIU Miaoran, JIE Ganxin. Corrosion Behavior of Q355 Steel Under Erosion Load in a Simulated Marine Atmospheric Environment. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2026, 46(3): 717-729.

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Abstract

Q355 steel, a high-strength low-alloy steel is extensively used in offshore structures and naval vessels. Its service environment is extremely aggressive, characterized by elevated temperature, high humidity, elevated salinity, and intense ultraviolet radiation, which renders Q355 steel highly susceptible to corrosion. Particularly, when coupled with the impingement of seawater and chloride-laden sand, the imposed erosion loads dramatically accelerate the degradation of critical Q355 steel components, potentially leading to catastrophic failure. Clarifying the corrosion mechanism of Q355 steel in realistic service conditions is therefore crucial for guiding corrosion-mitigation strategies and refining metallurgical processes. Nevertheless, the acceleration laws governing erosion-induced corrosion in multi-factor environments remain poorly elucidated. In this study, rust-layer morphology and composition are examined, while potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy are employed to quantify the corrosion kinetics of the Q355 steel. Acceleration factors are further calculated to assess the erosion contribution. Results demonstrate that erosion markedly accelerates the corrosion of Q355 steel primarily by mechanically damaging the substrate surface, generating defects that deteriorate the rust layer and diminish its self-healing capability. Under the synergistic influence of erosion and multi-factors of the environment, these two factors may alter the rust-layer structure and composition, contributing 49% and 51%, respectively, to the overall corrosion rate. Erosion dynamically modulates the anodic and cathodic reactions, with 28% of the corrosion current density directly governed by the erosion action. Integrating morphological, compositional, and electrochemical data yields an acceleration factor of 1.28 for erosion-induced corrosion of the Q355 steel.

Key words: Q355 steel marine atmosphere erosion corrosion cyclic test acceleration factor

Received: 07 August 2025 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.252

ZTFLH:

TG172

Fund: Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(20251515010038);International Cooperation Project of Guangzhou Development Zone(2023GH11);Talent Special Fund Project of Yangjiang City(RCZX2024004);Key Research and Development Program Project of Guangdong Province(2022B0101100001)

Corresponding Authors: GUAN Lei, E-mail: lguan@gdut.edu.cn

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	ZHONG Zhenkun
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	FU Hanlong
	WANG Jun
	LIU Miaoran
	JIE Ganxin

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https://www.jcscp.org/EN/10.11902/1005.4537.2025.252 OR https://www.jcscp.org/EN/Y2026/V46/I3/717

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the simplified erosion test device

Table 1 Test schedule for a single cycle

Table 2 Details of cyclic test parameters

Fig.2 Macroscopic corrosion morphologies of Q355 steel under stagnant conditions of N1 (a), N2 (b), N3 (c) and N4 (d)

Fig.3 Macroscopic corrosion morphologies of Q355 steel under flowing conditions of F1 (a), F2 (b), F3 (c) and F4 (d)

Fig.4 Cross-sectional morphologies of the rust layer on Q355 steel under stagnant conditions of N1 (a), N2 (b), N3 (c) and N4 (d)

Fig.5 Cross-sectional morphologies of the rust layer on Q355 steel under flowing conditions of F1 (a), F2 (b), F3 (c) and F4 (d)

Fig.6 XRD patterns of Q355 steel under stagnant condition (a) and flowing condition (b)

Table 3 Compositional content of the rust layer on Q355 steel　　(mass fraction / %)

Fig.7 Potential polarization curves of Q355 steel under stagnant condition (a) and flowing condition (b)

Table 4 Electrochemical parameters of dynamic polarization of Q355 steel under stagnant and flowing conditions

Fig.8 Nyquist (a) and Bode (b) plots of electrochemical impedance spectra of Q355 steel under stagnant conditions

Fig.9 Nyquist (a) and Bode (b) plots of electrochemical impedance spectra of Q355 steel under flowing conditions

Fig.10 Equivalent circuit diagram under stagnant condition and flowing condition: (a) N/F1, (b) N/F2-4

Table 5 Equivalent circuit parameter values

Fig.11 Erosion-environment coupled corrosion mechanism for different corrosion periods: (a) F1, (b) F2, (c) F3 and (d) F4

Table 6 Defect parameters of cross-sectional morphology

Table 7 Analysis results of the component structure multiple linear regression equations

Table 8 Results of accelerated proportions

Table 9 Analysis results of multiple linear regression equations of the eaperimental category

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