氢对<strong>X65</strong>钢及其焊缝力学性能及腐蚀行为影响

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2025.306

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2026, Vol. 46

Issue (4): 1107-1116 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.306 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.306

研究报告

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氢对X65钢及其焊缝力学性能及腐蚀行为影响

黄涛, 朱宇, 邓宇, 王岐山, 田一晨, 陈旭(

)

辽宁石油化工大学石油与天然气工程学院抚顺 113001

Effect of Hydrogen on Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behavior in 3.5%NaCl Solution of X65 Steel and Its Weld Zone

HUANG Tao, ZHU Yu, DENG Yu, WANG Qishan, TIAN Yichen, CHEN Xu(

)

College of Petroleum Engineering, Liaoning Petrochemical University, Fushun 113001, China

引用本文:

黄涛, 朱宇, 邓宇, 王岐山, 田一晨, 陈旭. 氢对X65钢及其焊缝力学性能及腐蚀行为影响[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(4): 1107-1116.
Tao HUANG, Yu ZHU, Yu DENG, Qishan WANG, Yichen TIAN, Xu CHEN. Effect of Hydrogen on Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behavior in 3.5%NaCl Solution of X65 Steel and Its Weld Zone[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2026, 46(4): 1107-1116.

全文: PDF(18185 KB) HTML

摘要:

采用电化学充氢方法对X65钢母材及焊缝进行预充氢处理。通过排油集气法结合扫描电镜(SEM)观察，研究了母材和焊缝在氢捕获量上的差异及其对表面微观形貌的影响。采用慢应变速率拉伸和电化学测试技术研究了充氢对母材和焊缝力学性能及耐蚀性的影响机制。结果表明：随充氢电流密度增加，母材和焊缝氢捕获量和氢鼓泡数量均呈递增趋势；当充氢电流密度为10 A/cm²时，焊缝的氢脆敏感性大于母材，而当充氢电流密度达到25 A/cm²及以上时，母材的氢脆敏感性反超焊缝。氢对位错存在钉扎作用，焊缝氢捕获量较高，这一方面错位阻碍位错迁移，导致其抗塑性变形能力增加；另一方面也增加了晶体缺陷密度，导致其耐蚀性小于母材。

关键词 ： X65钢, 焊缝, 电化学充氢, 力学性能, 腐蚀行为

Abstract：

The base metal and the weld zone of X65 steel were pre-charged with hydrogen via electrochemical hydrogen charging method. Then the hydrogen-charged steel was immediately placed into a glass tube filled with liquid paraffin, the captured hydrogen amount was measured via collecting the escaping hydrogen from the steel. The influence of hydrogen charging on the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the base metal and welds was investigated by slow strain rate tensile testing and electrochemical analysis techniques. The results indicated that both the captured hydrogen amount and the number of hydrogen blisters formed in the base metal and the weld zone increased with the increasing hydrogen charging current density. After hydrogen charging by a current density of 10 A/cm², the welds zone exhibited a higher hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity than the base metal. However, when the current density reached 25 A/cm², the hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity of the base metal was greater than that of the weld zone. Hydrogen exerted a pinning effect on dislocations, and the weld retained a relatively high concentration of hydrogen. The relatively high captured hydrogen amount in the weld zone hindered dislocation movement, thereby enhancing the resistance of the weld zone to plastic deformation. Meanwhile, this effect also increased the density of defects there, consequently reducing the corrosion resistance of the weld zone in comparison to the base metal.

Key words： X65 steel weld joint electrochemical hydrogen charging mechanical properties corrosion behavior

收稿日期: 2025-09-27 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.306

ZTFLH:

TG174

基金资助:辽宁省教育厅基本业务费项目(LJ212410148059);辽宁省大学生创新创业项目(S202410148054)

通讯作者: 陈旭，E-mail：chenxu@lnpu.edu.cn，研究方向为金属材料腐蚀与防护

Corresponding author: CHEN Xu, E-mail: chenxu@lnpu.edu.cn

作者简介: 黄涛，男，2004年生，本科生

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https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2025.306 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2026/V46/I4/1107

表1 X65管线钢化学成分 (mass fraction / %)

图1 X65管线钢母材及其焊缝金相组织

图2 SSRT试样示意图

图3 不同充氢电流密度下X65钢母材和焊缝氢逸出量

图4 不同充氢电流密度下X65钢母材及其焊缝充氢后SEM图

图5 不同充氢电流密度下X65钢母材及其焊缝应力-应变曲线

图6 不同充氢电流密度下X65 钢母材及焊缝断面收缩率和延伸率

图7 不同充氢电流密度下X65钢母材及焊缝的氢脆敏感性指数

图8 X65钢母材在不同充氢电流密度下主断口形貌

图9 X65钢母材在不同充氢电流密度下侧面断口形貌

图10 X65钢焊缝在不同充氢电流密度下主断口形貌

图11 X65钢焊缝在不同充氢电流密度下侧面断口形貌

图12 不同充氢电流密度下X65钢母材及其焊缝的极化曲线

图13 不同充氢电流密度下X65钢母材及其焊缝腐蚀电流密度

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