电化学充氢对Cr15铁素体不锈钢和304奥氏体不锈钢氢脆敏感性的影响

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2020.099

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2021, Vol. 41

Issue (2): 202-208 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2020.099

研究报告

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电化学充氢对Cr15铁素体不锈钢和304奥氏体不锈钢氢脆敏感性的影响

张慧云¹^,², 郑留伟¹^,³, 孟宪明², 梁伟¹^,³(

)

^1.太原理工大学材料科学与工程学院太原 030024
^2.山西工程职业学院机械制造工程系太原 030009
^3.太原理工大学分析测试中心太原 030024

Effect of Electrochemical Hydrogen Charging on Hydrogen Embrittlement Sensitivity of Cr15 Ferritic and 304 Austenitic Stainless Steels

ZHANG Huiyun¹^,², ZHENG Liuwei¹^,³, MENG Xianming², LIANG Wei¹^,³(

)

^1.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
^2.Department of Mecharical Marfacturing Engineering, Shanxi Engineering Vocational College, Taiyuan 030009, China
^3.Instrumental Analysis Center of Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China

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摘要:

研究了充氢时间、充氢电流密度、晶体结构对不锈钢氢脆敏感性的影响。结果表明：对于铁素体不锈钢，随着充氢时间的延长、电流密度的增大，塑性显著降低，氢脆敏感性大幅度增加；通过SEM观察实验钢断口形貌，断裂类型由韧性断裂转变为脆性断裂。而相同条件下，奥氏体不锈钢氢脆敏感性较低，抗氢脆性能较好。充氢后实验钢表面存在大量H，且氢含量随试样深度逐渐降低，晶界可能作为氢陷阱影响实验钢的氢脆敏感性。

关键词 ：电化学充氢, 铁素体不锈钢, 奥氏体不锈钢, 氢脆敏感性

Abstract：

The effect of the charging time and current density of the electrochemical hydrogen charging process, as well as the crystallographic structure of the steel on the hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity of stainless steels were assessed via slow strain rate tensile test. The results showed that for ferritic stainless steel, with the increase of hydrogen charging time and current density, the plasticity decreases significantly, and the sensitivity of hydrogen embrittlement increases greatly. The SEM observation results of the fracture morphology show that the fracture type changed from ductile fracture to brittle fracture. As a contrast, under the same conditions, the sensitivity of hydrogen embrittlement of austenitic stainless steel was lower, and the resistance of hydrogen embrittlement was higher. It was found that there was a large amount of hydrogen on the surface of the tested steel after hydrogen charging, and the hydrogen content gradually decreased with the depth of the sample. As hydrogen traps, grain boundaries may affect the hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity of steels.

Key words： electrochemical hydrogen charging ferritic stainless steel austenitic stainless steel hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity

收稿日期: 2020-06-10

ZTFLH:

TG142.71

基金资助:山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2019L0994);山西工程职业学院重点课题(KYF-201903)

通讯作者: 梁伟 E-mail: liangwei@tyut.edu.cn

Corresponding author: LIANG Wei E-mail: liangwei@tyut.edu.cn

作者简介: 张慧云，女，1987年生，博士生

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引用本文:

张慧云, 郑留伟, 孟宪明, 梁伟. 电化学充氢对Cr15铁素体不锈钢和304奥氏体不锈钢氢脆敏感性的影响[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2021, 41(2): 202-208.
Huiyun ZHANG, Liuwei ZHENG, Xianming MENG, Wei LIANG. Effect of Electrochemical Hydrogen Charging on Hydrogen Embrittlement Sensitivity of Cr15 Ferritic and 304 Austenitic Stainless Steels. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2021, 41(2): 202-208.

链接本文:

https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2020.099 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2021/V41/I2/202

表1 实验用钢的化学成分

图1 室温拉伸试样尺寸

图2 电化学充氢示意图

图3 Cr15不锈钢和304奥氏体不锈钢的IPF图

图4 Cr15不锈钢和304不锈钢的XRD谱

表2 充氢前后Cr15不锈钢钢拉伸实验结果

图5 不同充氢条件下Cr15不锈钢力学性能的变化

图6 不同充氢参数下Cr15不锈钢试样拉伸断口形貌

图7 充氢后Cr15不锈钢表面氢分布

表3 充氢前后304不锈钢拉伸实验结果

图8 充氢后Cr15铁素体不锈钢断口形貌

图9 充氢后304奥氏体不锈钢断口形貌

图10 电化学充氢后304不锈钢中H的分布

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