在模拟电加热器过热条件下<strong>316LN</strong>奥氏体钢缝隙腐蚀行为的研究

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2025.351

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2026, Vol. 46

Issue (5): 1579-1587 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.351 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.351

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在模拟电加热器过热条件下316LN奥氏体钢缝隙腐蚀行为的研究

何章平¹(

), 袁誉坤¹, 杜颖哲¹, 林鹏¹, 徐健²

^1.中广核研究院有限公司深圳 518000
^2.中山大学材料学院深圳 518107

Crevice Corrosion Behavior of 316LN Stainless Steel in Simulated Electric Heater Overheating Conditions

HE Zhangping¹(

), YUAN Yukun¹, DU Yingzhe¹, LIN Peng¹, XU Jian²

^1.China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Shenzhen 518000, China
^2.School of Materials, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China

引用本文:

何章平, 袁誉坤, 杜颖哲, 林鹏, 徐健. 在模拟电加热器过热条件下316LN奥氏体钢缝隙腐蚀行为的研究[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(5): 1579-1587.
Zhangping HE, Yukun YUAN, Yingzhe DU, Peng LIN, Jian XU. Crevice Corrosion Behavior of 316LN Stainless Steel in Simulated Electric Heater Overheating Conditions[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2026, 46(5): 1579-1587.

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摘要:

研究了压水堆稳压器的316LN不锈钢电加热器在过热条件下的缝隙腐蚀行为。通过设计高温高压缝隙腐蚀装置，使缝隙和非缝隙的316LN不锈钢试样分别暴露50、100、250和500 h。研究结果表明，缝隙和非缝隙试样的腐蚀产物均分为两层，内层腐蚀产物由Cr₂O₃和FeCr₂O₄两种纳米晶相组成，外层为多面体颗粒状的Fe₃O₄腐蚀产物。统计腐蚀产物厚度，缝隙试样的腐蚀产物厚度大于非缝隙试样，并且缝隙处出现Fe离子富集，表明试样在缝隙处加剧了腐蚀。此外，缝隙和非缝隙试样在过热条件下腐蚀产物厚度受实验时间影响，持续过热会作用于腐蚀产物膜的生成与溶解过程，缝隙试样的氧化膜厚度在开始50 h内增加迅速，100~500 h实验周期内增加缓慢，而非缝隙试样腐蚀层厚度呈现略微下降。

关键词 ： 316LN不锈钢, 电加热器, 缝隙腐蚀, 过热状态

Abstract：

The crevice corrosion behavior of 316LN stainless steel heating tubes used in pressurized water reactor (PWR) pressurizers was assessed in simulated overheating conditions of electric heater. Therefore, a high-temperature and high-pressure crevice corrosion apparatus was designed, in which crevice and non-crevice 316LN stainless steel specimens were exposed for 50, 100, 250 and 500 h, respectively. The results indicate that corrosion products formed on both crevice and non-crevice specimens exhibit a duplex-layered structure. The inner layer consists of nanocrystalline Cr₂O₃ and FeCr₂O₄ phases, while the outer layer is composed of polyhedral Fe₃O₄ particles. Statistical analysis of corrosion product thickness shows that the corrosion product scales on crevice specimens are significantly thicker than those on non-crevice specimens, accompanied by pronounced enrichment of Fe ions within the crevice regions, indicating aggravated corrosion in crevice conditions. Furthermore, the thickness of corrosion product scales on these two types of specimens is influenced by exposure time in overheating conditions. Prolonged overheating affects both the formation and dissolution processes of the corrosion product films. For crevice specimens, the oxide scale thickness increases rapidly within the initial 50 h and then grows slowly during the 100-500 h exposure period, whereas the thickness of corrosion products scale on non-crevice specimens exhibits a slight decreasing trend with time.

Key words： 316LN stainless steel electric heater crevice corrosion overheating condition

收稿日期: 2025-11-13 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.351

ZTFLH:

TG172

通讯作者: 何章平，E-mail：zhangping.he@foxmail.com，研究方向为核电金属材料腐蚀

Corresponding author: HE Zhangping, E-mail：zhangping.he@foxmail.com

作者简介: 何章平，男，1995年生，硕士，工程师

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https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2025.351 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2026/V46/I5/1579

图1 带循环回路的高压釜系统示意图

图2 缝隙腐蚀套环设计示意图

图3 非缝隙和缝隙试样不同腐蚀时间的表面形貌

图4 非缝隙和缝隙试样500 h腐蚀后表面形貌和元素分布图

表1 图4中非缝隙和缝隙试样的Cr、Fe、Ni点扫EDS谱图结果

图5 非缝隙和缝隙试样不同腐蚀时间的Raman光谱图

图6 非缝隙试样腐蚀500 h后表面XPS谱图

图7 缝隙试样腐蚀500 h表面XPS谱图

图8 非缝隙和缝隙试样500 h腐蚀后的截面形貌图

图9 非缝隙和缝隙试样的内层氧化层厚度随时间的变化

图10 非缝隙试样500 h腐蚀后的截面TEM像和元素分布图

图11 非缝隙试样500 h腐蚀后的横截面透射电子显微镜-高角环形暗场(TEM-HAADF)像

图12 缝隙试样500 h腐蚀后的截面TEM像和EDS分布图

图13 缝隙试样500 h腐蚀后的TEM-HAADF图

表2 不同时间缝隙和非缝隙位置(釜本体)的离子浓度结果 (mg/kg)

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