高温高湿环境下玻璃纤维增强乙烯基酯复合材料的失效行为研究

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2025.014

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2025, Vol. 45

Issue (6): 1679-1688 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.014 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.014

研究报告

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高温高湿环境下玻璃纤维增强乙烯基酯复合材料的失效行为研究

孙欣蕾¹^,², 曹京宜³, 殷文昌³, 方志刚³, 王峰¹(

), 王兴奇², 杨延格²(

)

1 沈阳工业大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110870
2 中国科学院金属研究所师昌绪先进材料创新中心沈阳 110016
3 中国人民解放军92228部队北京 100072

Failure Behavior of Vinyl Ester Composites in High Temperature and High Humidity Environments

SUN Xinlei¹^,², CAO Jingyi³, YIN Wenchang³, FANG Zhigang³, WANG Feng¹(

), WANG Xingqi², YANG Yange²(

)

1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
2 Shi -changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
3 Unit 92228, People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100072, China

引用本文:

孙欣蕾, 曹京宜, 殷文昌, 方志刚, 王峰, 王兴奇, 杨延格. 高温高湿环境下玻璃纤维增强乙烯基酯复合材料的失效行为研究[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2025, 45(6): 1679-1688.
Xinlei SUN, Jingyi CAO, Wenchang YIN, Zhigang FANG, Feng WANG, Xingqi WANG, Yange YANG. Failure Behavior of Vinyl Ester Composites in High Temperature and High Humidity Environments[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2025, 45(6): 1679-1688.

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摘要:

通过拉伸、压缩、弯曲、冲击等力学性能检测，结合形貌表征、红外光谱分析、吸湿率测试等方法研究了玻璃纤维增强乙烯基酯复合材料(GFRP)在60 ℃-80%RH、60 ℃-95%RH、80 ℃-95%RH 3种高温高湿环境下的失效行为。结果表明，高温高湿环境下，湿度主要影响了GFRP材料的饱和吸湿率，温度是水扩散系数增加的主因，从而导致80 ℃-95%RH下GFRP材料的损伤最严重。60 ℃-80%RH和60 ℃-95%RH两种高温高湿环境下，GFRP的老化程度并未出现明显差异，在拉伸、弯曲、压缩、冲击性能测试中，压缩强度的下降最为显著，仅老化49 d后，两种环境下GFRP压缩强度分别下降了18.18%和22.22%，失效的主要原因是材料吸水导致树脂基体溶胀和塑化。80 ℃-95%RH环境下，冲击强度下降最为显著，仅老化49 d后便下降了51.43%，失效的主要原因是树脂/纤维界面的破坏。

关键词 ：高温高湿, 复合材料, 老化, 力学性能, 失效机理

Abstract：

The failure behavior of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) in high temperature and high humidity environments, i.e. 60 ^oC-80%RH, 60°C-95%RH, and 80 ^oC-95%RH was investigated by tensile, compressive, flexural, and impact mechanical property tests, combined with morphological characterization, infrared spectral analysis, and moisture absorption rate test. The results show that in high temperature and high humidity environments, humidity mainly affects the saturated water absorption of GFRP, and temperature mainly contributes to the increasing water diffusion coefficient, which leads to the most serious damage to GFRP at 80 ^oC-95% RH. The aging degree of GFRP shows no obvious difference in the other two environments of 60 ^oC-80%RH and 60 ^oC-95%RH. Among the results of tensile, bending, compression, and impact performance test, those of the compression test reveals that the most significant decline in compressive strength of GFRP immerged at 60 ^oC-80%RH and 60 ^oC-95%RH, decreasing by 18.18% and 22.22% respectively after 49 d of aging. This may be attributed to the dissolution and plasticization of the resin matrix after water absorption by GFRP; Those of the impact strength test shows that the most significant decrease in impact strength of GFRP occurred at 80 ^oC-95% RH, decreasing by 51.43% after 49 d of aging, which is mainly due to the destruction of the resin/fiber interface.

Key words： high temperature and high humidity composite aging mechanical property failure mechanism

收稿日期: 2025-01-09 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.014

ZTFLH:

TG172.3

通讯作者: 杨延格，E-mail：ygyang@imr.ac.cn，研究方向为金属材料的海洋腐蚀与防护王峰，E-mail：wf9709@126.com，研究方向为轻质合金及轻量化技术研究与应用

Corresponding author: YANG Yange, E-mail: ygyang@imr.ac.cnWANG Feng, E-mail: wf9709@126.com

作者简介: 孙欣蕾，女，1999年生，硕士生

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表1 实验条件与老化时间

图1 60 ℃-80%RH环境下GFRP样品老化不同时间后的显微形貌

图2 60 ℃-95%RH环境下GFRP样品老化不同时间后的显微形貌

图3 80 ℃-95%RH环境下GFRP样品老化不同时间后的显微形貌

图4 GFRP样品的拉伸性能随老化时间的变化

图5 GFRP样品的压缩性能随老化时间的变化

图6 GFRP样品的弯曲性能随老化时间的变化

图7 GFRP样品的冲击性能随老化时间的变化

图8 GFRP样品老化49 d后力学强度下降率

图9 乙烯基酯树脂的结构式

图10 GFRP样品老化49 d后红外光谱图

图11 GFRP样品吸湿率随老化时间的变化

表2 Fick扩散的非线性拟合参数

图12 60 ℃-80%RH及60 ℃-95%RH环境下GFRP老化机理

图13 80 ℃-95%RH环境下GFRP老化机理

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