<strong>304</strong>和<strong>430</strong>不锈钢铸坯氧化皮结构及结合力研究

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2023.397

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2024, Vol. 44

Issue (6): 1649-1655 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2023.397 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2023.397

研究报告

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304和430不锈钢铸坯氧化皮结构及结合力研究

孙琼琼¹, 贾玺泉¹, 徐震霖¹(

), 何宜柱¹, 范光伟², 张威², 李欢¹

1.安徽工业大学材料科学与工程学院马鞍山 243032
2.太原钢铁(集团)有限公司先进不锈钢材料国家重点实验室太原 030003

Structure and Adhesion of Oxide Scales on Casting Billet of 304 and 430 Stainless Steels

SUN Qiongqiong¹, JIA Xiquan¹, XU Zhenlin¹(

), HE Yizhu¹, FAN Guangwei², ZHANG Wei², LI Huan¹

1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Stainless Steel Materials, Taiyuan Iron and Steel (Group) Co., Ltd., Taiyuan 030003, China

引用本文:

孙琼琼, 贾玺泉, 徐震霖, 何宜柱, 范光伟, 张威, 李欢. 304和430不锈钢铸坯氧化皮结构及结合力研究[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2024, 44(6): 1649-1655.
Qiongqiong SUN, Xiquan JIA, Zhenlin XU, Yizhu HE, Guangwei FAN, Wei ZHANG, Huan LI. Structure and Adhesion of Oxide Scales on Casting Billet of 304 and 430 Stainless Steels[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2024, 44(6): 1649-1655.

全文: PDF(13164 KB) HTML

摘要:

利用场发射扫描电镜、能谱仪和X射线衍射仪，分析了304奥氏体和430铁素体不锈钢铸坯在1240℃空气中保温4 h后的氧化皮结构和成分组成，并利用3D微米划痕仪表征了氧化皮与基体的结合力，探讨材料在实际工况下的氧化机理。结果表明：两种不锈钢的氧化动力学遵循抛物线规律，且430不锈钢的氧化速率显著高于304不锈钢。两种不锈钢的氧化皮均为典型的3层结构：外氧化层、内氧化层和内部氧化层；但两种不锈钢的内氧化层和内部氧化层的形态存在差异。304不锈钢内氧化层较为致密，而430不锈钢内氧化层存在较多孔洞和裂缝，有利于氧的扩散，从而加速氧化进程。304不锈钢的内部氧化层主要呈分散的块状分布，而430不锈钢内部氧化层呈连续根状分布，增强了氧化皮与基体的结合力。

关键词 ：不锈钢, 铸坯, 氧化皮, 结构, 结合力

Abstract：

The structure and composition of oxide scales formed on casting billets of 304 austenitic and 430 ferritic stainless steel after being held in air at 1240^oC for 4 h were characterized by means of field emission scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometer. The adhesive strength between the oxide scale and the matrix was assessed via 3D micrometer scratch. The oxidation mechanism of the steels in actual working condition was discussed. The results show that the oxidation kinetics of the two stainless steels follow a parabolic low, and the oxidation rate of 430 stainless steel is significantly higher than that of 304 stainless steels. The oxidation products of the two stainless steels have a typical three-layered structure: i.e. the oxide scale composed of an outer layer and an inner layer, as well as an internal oxidation layer beneath the outer oxide scale. But the morphologies of the inner layer of oxide scale and internal oxidation layer for the two stainless steels are different. The inner layer of oxide scale of 304 stainless steel is relatively dense, while there exist obvious pores and cracks in the inner layer of oxide scale of 430 stainless steel, which is conducive to the inward diffusion of oxygen, so that accelerates the oxidation process. The internal oxidation layer of 304 stainless steel is mainly distributed as scattered blocks; while that of 430 stainless steel is distributed as continuous root-like shape, which enhances the adhesion between the oxide scale and the matrix.

Key words： stainless steel billet oxide scale structure adhesion

收稿日期: 2023-12-28 32134.14.1005.4537.2023.397

ZTFLH:

TG142.1

基金资助:山西省科技重大专项(20181101016);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划(202010360020)

通讯作者: 徐震霖，E-mail：xzl2015@ahut.edu.cn，研究方向为先进钢铁材料及金属增材制造等

Corresponding author: XU Zhenlin, E-mail: xzl2015@ahut.edu.cn

作者简介: 孙琼琼，男，1994年生，硕士生

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https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2023.397 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2024/V44/I6/1649

表1 304和430不锈钢铸坯的化学成分 (mass fraction / %)

图1 实验装置示意图

图2 304和430不锈钢在1240℃空气中氧化4 h后的氧化动力学曲线

图3 304和430不锈钢在1240℃空气中氧化4 h形成的氧化皮的XRD谱

图4 304和430不锈钢在1240℃空气中氧化4 h后的表面形貌

表2 304和430不锈钢在1240℃下形成的氧化皮不同位置处组成元素EDS分析结果 (atomic fraction / %)

图5 304和430不锈钢在1240℃空气中氧化4 h后的横截面形貌和横截面的EDS线扫描

图6 经1240℃空气中4 h氧化的304和430不锈钢划痕实验中摩擦力和划痕深度随加载力的变化曲线

图7 经1240℃空气中4 h氧化的304和430不锈钢划痕试验后表面形貌

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