酸洗对316L不锈钢表面形貌、耐蚀性能及表面光学常数的影响

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2021.052

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2021, Vol. 41

Issue (4): 461-468 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2021.052

研究报告

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酸洗对316L不锈钢表面形貌、耐蚀性能及表面光学常数的影响

伊光辉, 郑大江, 宋光铃(

)

厦门大学材料学院厦门 361005

Influence of Acid Pickling on Morphology, Optical Parameters and Corrosion Resistance of 316L Stainless Steel

YI Guanghui, ZHENG Dajiang, SONG Guangling(

)

College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China

全文: PDF(11900 KB) HTML

摘要:

分别研究了酸洗时间对316L不锈钢表面形貌、表面光学常数及其在3.5%NaCl溶液中耐蚀性能的影响。结果表明，适当酸洗可提升316L不锈钢耐腐蚀性能，但是过度酸洗则容易出现点蚀，耐腐蚀性能的提高是因为酸洗后316L不锈钢表面形成了富含Cr₂O₃的钝化膜，点蚀的出现是因为其表面出现的微孔促进了点蚀的形核。酸洗液残留于表面会使316L不锈钢局部表面生成更厚的钝化膜，具有不同的光学常数，从而导致宏观表面白斑的出现。

关键词 ： 316L不锈钢, 酸洗, 白斑, 电化学, 椭偏

Abstract：

Acid pickling is an essential procedure in manufacturing stainless steel products. However, inappropriate operation may result in some defects on the product surfaces. To understand the pickling effect, the morphology and corrosion behavior of 316L stainless steel were assessed by means of laser confocal microscopy (LSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), potentialdynamic polarization (PP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Mott-Schottky (MS) and ellipsometry (ES). The results indicated that the corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel in 3.5%NaCl solution was improved after pickling, but pitting corrosion was found on the surface of 316L stainless steel if the steel was over-pickled. The enhancement of the corrosion resistance could be due to the formation of Cr₂O₃-riched passivation film on the surface after pickling. The pitting corrosion initiated from the pores in the passive film, which was formed after extended immersion in pickling acid. A pickling solution droplet remaining on the surface led to a thicker passive film formed locally, which had different optical reflection, and was displayed as a macroscopic white spot on the surface.

Key words： 316L stainless steel acid pickling white spot electrochemistry ellipsometry

收稿日期: 2021-03-16

ZTFLH:

TG174

通讯作者: 宋光铃 E-mail: guangling.song@hotmail.com

Corresponding author: SONG Guangling E-mail: guangling.song@hotmail.com

作者简介: 伊光辉，男，1996年生，硕士生

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引用本文:

伊光辉, 郑大江, 宋光铃. 酸洗对316L不锈钢表面形貌、耐蚀性能及表面光学常数的影响[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2021, 41(4): 461-468.
Guanghui YI, Dajiang ZHENG, Guangling SONG. Influence of Acid Pickling on Morphology, Optical Parameters and Corrosion Resistance of 316L Stainless Steel. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2021, 41(4): 461-468.

链接本文:

https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2021.052 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2021/V41/I4/461

图1 316L不锈钢表面不同酸洗时间局部区域

图2 不同酸洗时间316L不锈钢的动电位极化曲线

表2 样品在3.5%NaCl溶液中EIS结果的拟合参数

图3 不同酸洗时间316L不锈钢的Nyquist图

表1 不同酸洗时间316L不锈钢样品的极化曲线腐蚀参数

图4 不同酸洗时间316L不锈钢样品的Bode图

图5 不同酸洗时间316L不锈钢的表面形貌

图6 不同酸洗时间316L不锈钢的表面粗糙度

图7 不同酸洗时间316L不锈钢表面钝化膜的SEM微观形貌

图8 不同酸洗时间316L不锈钢表面钝化膜的AFM微观形貌

图9 不同酸洗时间下316L不锈钢表面XPS谱

表3 不同酸洗时间316L不锈钢样品的表面氧化物成分

图10 不同酸洗时间下316L不锈钢表面钝化膜厚度

Pickling time / min	n / (error%)	k / (error%)	ε₁ / (error%)	ε₂ / (error%)	\|ε\| ( $ε 12 + ε 22$ )
0	1.54 (0.65%)	3.10 (0.47%)	-7.23 (0.96%)	9.58 (1.05%)	12.00
10	1.80 (0.76%)	3.43 (0.15%)	-8.56 (0.24%)	12.34 (0.91%)	15.02
20	1.96 (0.48%)	3.69 (0.23%)	-9.81 (0.61%)	14.46 (0.60%)	17.47
30	1.98 (0.63%)	3.67 (0.11%)	-9.50 (0.29%)	14.55 (0.73%)	17.37
40	1.93 (0.69%)	3.70 (0.14%)	-9.97 (0.54%)	14.26 (0.75%)	17.40
50	1.94 (0.60%)	3.70 (0.15%)	-9.95 (0.66%)	14.34 (0.59%)	17.45

表4 不同酸洗时间316L不锈钢样品的光学常数和介电常数 (波长589 nm的结果)

图11 不同酸洗时间316L不锈钢样品的Mott-Schottky图

表5 不同酸洗时间316L不锈钢样品的平带电位、施主密度和受主密度

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