304L不锈钢在硝酸-硝酸钠环境中的腐蚀研究

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2017.196

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2018, Vol. 38

Issue (6): 543-550 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2017.196

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

304L不锈钢在硝酸-硝酸钠环境中的腐蚀研究

刘希武,赵小燕,崔新安(

),许兰飞,李晓炜,程荣奇

1. 中石化炼化工程 (集团) 股份有限公司洛阳技术研发中心洛阳 471003

Corrosion Behavior of 304L Stainless Steel in Nitric Acid-Sodium Nitrate Solutions

Xiwu LIU,Xiaoyan ZHAO,Xin'an CUI(

),Lanfei XU,Xiaowei LI,Rongqi CHENG

1. Luoyang R&D Center of Technology/Sinopec Engineering Group CO., LTD., Luoyang 471003, China

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摘要:

采用腐蚀挂片和动电位极化曲线测量两种实验方法并结合微观腐蚀形貌观察，验证了NaNO₃的存在对304L不锈钢在HNO₃^_NaNO₃水溶液环境下腐蚀行为的影响，并在此基础上探讨了NaNO₃浓度和溶液温度对腐蚀的影响。结果表明，304L不锈钢在NaNO₃水溶液环境下腐蚀极轻微，未检测到失重；但是在HNO₃-NaNO₃水溶液环境下，NaNO₃的存在诱发或加剧了304L不锈钢的晶间腐蚀。304L不锈钢在水溶液和蒸汽中的腐蚀均随NaNO₃浓度的增大或温度的升高而加剧，材料在蒸汽中优先发生晶间腐蚀，甚至出现晶粒脱落；温度升高可增强NaNO₃对腐蚀的促进作用。

关键词 ：奥氏体不锈钢, 硝酸, 硝酸盐, 晶间腐蚀

Abstract：

The effect of sodium nitrate on the corrosion behavior of 304L in nitric acid-sodium nitrate solutions at 120 and 135^oC respectively was studied by means of immersion test, potentiodynamic polarization curve measurement and corrosion morphology characterization. The result showed that the corrosion of 304L in sodium nitrate solution was very slight. However, the presence of sodium nitrate induced or exacerbated the intergranular corrosion of 304L in nitric acid-sodium nitrate solution. The corrosion of 304L in the liquid- and steam-phase of nitric acid-sodium nitrate solution became much more severe with the increasing sodium nitrate concentration or temperature. The steel in the steam tends to experience intergranular corrosion, thereby, partial grains on the steel surface were falled off. The increase of temperature can enhance the effect of sodium nitrate on the corrosion of 304L stainless steel.

Key words： austenitic stainless steel nitric acid nitrate intergranular corrosion

收稿日期: 2017-11-20

ZTFLH:

TG172.6

基金资助:中石化科研项目(315108)

通讯作者: 崔新安 E-mail: cuixa.lpec@sinopec.com

Corresponding author: Xin'an CUI E-mail: cuixa.lpec@sinopec.com

作者简介: 刘希武，男，1974年生，高级工程师

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引用本文:

刘希武,赵小燕,崔新安,许兰飞,李晓炜,程荣奇. 304L不锈钢在硝酸-硝酸钠环境中的腐蚀研究[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2018, 38(6): 543-550.
Xiwu LIU, Xiaoyan ZHAO, Xin'an CUI, Lanfei XU, Xiaowei LI, Rongqi CHENG. Corrosion Behavior of 304L Stainless Steel in Nitric Acid-Sodium Nitrate Solutions. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2018, 38(6): 543-550.

链接本文:

https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2017.196 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2018/V38/I6/543

表1 304L不锈钢在NaNO3、HNO3及HNO3-NaNO3的水溶液和蒸汽中的腐蚀速率

图1 304L不锈钢在135 ℃，23%NaNO3的水溶液和蒸汽中腐蚀后的SEM像

图2 304L不锈钢在HNO3，HNO3-NaNO3的水溶液和蒸汽中腐蚀后的SEM像

图3 304L不锈钢在135 ℃，4% HNO3-23%NaNO3的水溶液和蒸汽中腐蚀后的截面形貌

图4 304L不锈钢在HNO3和HNO3-NaNO3水溶液中的极化曲线

表2 304L不锈钢在135 ℃下不同NaNO3浓度的HNO3-NaNO3水溶液和蒸汽中的腐蚀速率

图5 304L不锈钢在2%HNO3-(10%，15%) NaNO3水溶液和蒸汽中腐蚀后的SEM像

图6 304L不锈钢在4%HNO3-(10%，15%) NaNO3水溶液和蒸汽中腐蚀后的SEM像

表3 304L不锈钢在不同温度的HNO3-NaNO3水溶液和蒸汽中的腐蚀速率

图7 304L不锈钢在不同温度的2%HNO3-23%NaNO3水溶液和蒸汽中腐蚀后的SEM像

图8 304L不锈钢在不同温度的4%HNO3-23%NaNO3水溶液和蒸汽中腐蚀后的SEM像

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