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中国腐蚀与防护学报  2024, Vol. 44 Issue (5): 1125-1133     CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2023.341      DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2023.341
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临氢环境下管线钢氢损伤机理研究进展
李鑫1, 韦博鑫2, 鲁仰辉1, 孙晨1, 于文涛1, 徐猛1, 刘伟1()
1 国家电投集团科学技术研究院有限公司 北京 102200
2 中国科学院金属研究所 沈阳 110016
Research Progress on Hydrogen Damage Mechanism of Pipeline Steel in Contact with Hydrogen Environment
LI Xin1, WEI Boxin2, LU Yanghui1, SUN Chen1, YU Wentao1, XU Meng1, LIU Wei1()
1 State Power Investment Group Science and Technology Institute Co., Ltd., Beijing 102200, China
2 Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
引用本文:

李鑫, 韦博鑫, 鲁仰辉, 孙晨, 于文涛, 徐猛, 刘伟. 临氢环境下管线钢氢损伤机理研究进展[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2024, 44(5): 1125-1133.
Xin LI, Boxin WEI, Yanghui LU, Chen SUN, Wentao YU, Meng XU, Wei LIU. Research Progress on Hydrogen Damage Mechanism of Pipeline Steel in Contact with Hydrogen Environment[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2024, 44(5): 1125-1133.

全文: PDF(3981 KB)   HTML
摘要: 

当前全球低碳绿色发展已刻不容缓，氢能作为零碳能源呼声高涨。氢储运环节是产业链中极其重要的一环，而管道输氢最为经济高效，但管线钢处于直接氢气环境中，面临的氢损伤问题再度成为学界热门。文章重点综述了氢分子在钢表面转化为氢原子的吸附渗入过程和氢脆微观机理的最新研究进展；总结了管线钢强度、微观组织、氢陷阱等材料性质和氢气分压、温度、载荷等外部环境因素与氢损伤之间的关系，进一步归纳了预防和抑制管线钢氢脆行为的方法，最后对管线钢氢损伤研究过程中当前面临的难题提出了具体建议。
关键词 ： 氢气管道,  氢脆机理,  氢吸附解离,  氢损伤,  影响因素    
Abstract：

At present, the global low-carbon and green development is urgent, and the voice of hydrogen energy as a zero-carbon energy is rising. Hydrogen storage and transportation is an extremely important part of the hydrogen industrial chain, whilst, among others the pipeline transportation is the most economical and efficient way. However, the pipeline steel is in direct contact with hydrogen, and thus the issue of hydrogen induced damage has become a hot topic again. This review focused on the advancements of how are hydrogen molecules adsorbed and converted into hydrogen atoms on the steel surface and then permeated inwards, as well as the microscopic mechanism of hydrogen embrittlement. The relationships between the hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility with the properties of pipeline steel, such as strength, microstructure, hydrogen traps, and the external environmental factors, such as hydrogen partial pressure, temperature, and load, are summarized. The methods for preventing and inhibiting the hydrogen embrittlement of pipeline steel are further summarized. Finally, specific suggestions are proposed for the current difficulties in the study of hydrogen damage related with pipeline steel.
Key words： hydrogen pipeline    hydrogen embrittlement mechanism    hydrogen adsorption &    dissociation    hydrogen damage    influencing factor
收稿日期: 2023-11-01      32134.14.1005.4537.2023.341
ZTFLH:  TG172  
基金资助:国家重点研发计划(2022YFB4003400)
通讯作者: 刘伟，E-mail：liuwei@spic.com.cn，研究方向为氢能制储输用一体化应用
Corresponding author: LIU Wei, E-mail: liuwei@spic.com.cn
作者简介: 李 鑫，男，1983年生，博士，资深研究员
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链接本文:

https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2023.341      或      https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2024/V44/I5/1125

图1  氢损伤现象
图2  阴极氢在金属基体中渗入扩散示意图[7]
图3  环境中的氢渗入扩散示意图[14]
图4  气态氢原子演化与氢致失效示意图[15]
图5  管线钢中含有的各种捕氢位点[17,18]
图6  典型的氢陷阱与可逆和不可逆陷阱分类[21]
TypeTrapping siteActivation energy / kJ·mol-1
Reversible trapInterstititial sites in iron4-8
Dislocation26.4-26.8
Lath boudary17.8-18.6
Austenite/martensite22
Grain boundary17.8-18.6
NbC(coherent)39-48
Irreversible trapFerrite/cementite interface66.3-68.4
Fe3C84
MnS72
Al2O379
TiC110
表1  部分可逆陷阱和不可逆陷阱的结合能[22]
图7  X52管线钢焊缝不同区域的微观组织差异对比图[70]
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