Corrosion Inhibition Effect and Adsorption Mechanism of Rosemary Extract for Cold-rolled Steel in a Dichloroacetic Acid Medium

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2025.206

Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection

2026, Vol. 46

Issue (3): 807-820 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.206

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Corrosion Inhibition Effect and Adsorption Mechanism of Rosemary Extract for Cold-rolled Steel in a Dichloroacetic Acid Medium

BAI Zijun¹, ZHU Ping¹^,², GAO Yun¹, LI Xianghong¹, SHAO Dandan¹, XU Juan¹(

)

^1.College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
^2.Yunnan Provincial Special Equipment Safety Testing and Research Institute, Kunming 650228, China

Cite this article:

BAI Zijun, ZHU Ping, GAO Yun, LI Xianghong, SHAO Dandan, XU Juan. Corrosion Inhibition Effect and Adsorption Mechanism of Rosemary Extract for Cold-rolled Steel in a Dichloroacetic Acid Medium. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2026, 46(3): 807-820.

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Abstract

The inhibition mechanism of rosemary extract (RWE) on cold-rolled steel in 0.10 mol·L^-1 dichloroacetic acid (DCA) solution was studied via gravimetry, potentiodynamic polarization, and surface analysis etc. The results showed that with a dosage of 50 mg·L^-1 RWE an inhibition efficiency of 94.86% at 20 ℃ may be reached. The inhibition performance exhibited a significant positive dependence on the concentration and a negative dependence on temperature. The adsorption of RWE on the steel surface followed a mixed mechanism dominated by physical adsorption. At lower temperatures (20-40 ℃), the process adhered to the Langmuir isotherm model, while at higher temperature (50 ℃), it better conformed to the Temkin isotherm model. The corrosion rate in the inhibited system satisfied both the Arrhenius equation and transition state theory. The apparent activation energy (E_a), pre-exponential factor (A), activation enthalpy (ΔH), and activation entropy (ΔS) all showed increasing trends. Based on potentiodynamic polarization curves, RWE was identified as a mixed-type inhibitor, effectively retarding both anodic metal dissolution and the cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction. XPS analysis confirmed the formation of an organic adsorption layer on the metal surface by RWE molecules, which effectively suppressed corrosion. LC-MS analysis revealed that active components such as rosmarinic acid and sulfonated jasmonates are present in RWE. These constituents contain active functional groups including benzene rings, O/N-heterocycles, and -OH, which facilitate interaction with the steel surface via physical and/or chemical adsorption. RWE demonstrates excellent corrosion inhibition and adsorption properties in DCA solution, serving as a promising environmentally friendly alternative to traditional inhibitors with significant economic and environmental value.

Key words: rosemary extract dichloroacetic acid corrosion inhibition performance adsorption mechanism cold-rolled steel

Received: 30 June 2025 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.206

ZTFLH:

TG174

Fund: National Natural Science Foundation of China(32360362);Yunnan Provincial Expert Workstation Project(202305AF150009);Yunnan Provincial Agricultural Basic Research Joint Special Key Project(202301BD070001-158);Doctoral Research Startup Fund of Southwest Forestry University(110224051)

Corresponding Authors: XU Juan, E-mail: 58045846@qq.com

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	BAI Zijun
	ZHU Ping
	GAO Yun
	LI Xianghong
	SHAO Dandan
	XU Juan

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https://www.jcscp.org/EN/10.11902/1005.4537.2025.206 OR https://www.jcscp.org/EN/Y2026/V46/I3/807

Fig.1 Extraction flow diagram of RWE

Fig.2 Relationship between corrosion rate (v), corrosion inhibition efficiency (η_w), and RWE concentration (c) of cold-rolled steel plates in 0.10 mol·L^-1 DCA medium at 20-50 ℃: (a) η_w-c, (b) v-c

Fig.3 Adsorption isotherms of steel plates in 0.10 mol/L DCA solutions containing different concentrations of RWE: (a) Langmuir, (b) Temkin, (c) Freundlich, (d) Flory-Huggins

Table 1 Linear regression parameters and adsorption equilibrium constant

Fig.4 Corrosion kinetics fitted straight line and corrosion kinetics parameters versus RWE concentration: (a) lnv-1/T fitting line, (b) ln(v/T)-1/T fitting line, (c) ΔS_a and RWE concentrations, (d) ΔH_a, E_a, lnA and RWE concentrations

Fig.5 Polarization curves of cold-rolled steel in a 0.10 mol·L^-1 DCA solution at 20 ℃ under different RWE concentrations, as well as the relationships between f_a, f_c and R_p with RWE concentration, and a comparison of corrosion inhibition rates under two different methods: (a) potentiodynamic polarization, (b) f-c, (c) R_P-c, (d) the comparison of retardation rates under two different methods

Table 2 Potentiodynamic polarization curve fitting data

Fig.6 FTIR spectra (a), UV-vis absorption curves (b) and conductivity (c) of test solutions under different conditions

Fig.7 Total ion chromatogram and main chemical composition of RWE: (a) total ion chromatograms and chemical structures of five compounds, (b) detection of other active substances in RWE by LC-MS

Fig.8 Microstructure of cold-rolled steel surface (a1, b1, c1), contact angle (a2, b2, c2) and AFM images (a3, b3, c3)

Table 3 Surface roughness parameters parameters of cold-rolled steel

Fig.9 XPS spectra of cold-rolled steel after immersion in 1.0 DCA mol/L solution containing 50 mg/L RWE for 6 h at 20 ℃: (a) survey, (b) C 1s, (c) O 1s, (d) Fe 2p, (e) Cl 2p, (f) N 1s

Fig.10 Fukui function distributions of LUMO, HOMO, $f{{\left( {\vec{r}} \right)}^{-}}$, and $f{{\left( {\vec{r}} \right)}^{+}}$ for the main constituents

Table 4 Quantum chemical correlation parameters of the main components

Fig.11 Side view of the equilibrium adsorption configurations of five components on the Fe(110) surface

Table 5 Adsorption energy and binding energy values of five active substances

Fig.12 Corrosion inhibition mechanism of RWE for cold-rolled steel

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