|
|
|
| INFLUENCE OF RESIDUAL STRESS AND STRAIN GENERATED BY COLD DRAWING ON HYDROGEN DIFFUSION PROFILES OF STEEL WIRES |
| WANG Yanfei, GONG Jianming, TANG Jianqun,JIANG Wang, JIANG Yingjie |
| College of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing 210009 |
|
|
|
|
Abstract High strength steel wires are susceptible to hydrogen induced fracture. It is generally considered that fracture will occur when a critical hydrogen concentration at the location of the stress peak was reached by accumulation, and that the time to fracture was related to the stress assisted hydrogen diffusion process. Residual stresses generated by cold drawing play an important role in hydrogen accumulation. However, plastic strain also has significant effect on the hydrogen diffusion process. In this paper, a numerical model was developed for calculating the accumulated hydrogen concentration in cold drawn steel wires, taking into account the driving effect of both the residual stress and strain generated by cold drawing on hydrogen transport. First, a finite element model, using the code ABAQUS, was developed to reproduce the drawing process, and to determine the residual stress and strain profiles. The results showed that the drawing process generated a residual stress state in the wire with significant tensile stresses at the surface in the axial and hoop directions. Finite difference method was used to solve the stress-strain assisted and stress-only assisted hydrogen diffusion equations. The hydrogen concentration accumulated in stress-strain assisted case is lower than that in stress-only assisted case in shorter time, that was slowed down by plastic strain due to diffusion. However, after long exposure time, the hydrogen concentration was much higher than that in stress-only affected case. The results in this paper prove the relevant role of residual plastic strain in hydrogen diffusion in cold drawn wires, as well as the residual stress.
|
|
Received: 22 March 2010
|
|
|
|
Corresponding Authors:
GONG Jianming
E-mail: gongjm@hjut.edu.cn
|
| [1] Schupack M, Suarez M G. Some recent corrosion embrittlement failures of prestressing system in the United States [J]. J.Prestress. Concr. Inst., 1982, 27(2): 38-55[2] Toribio J, Lancha A M. Effect of cold drawing on susceptibility to hydrogen embrittlement of prestressing steel [J]. Mater. Struct.,1993, 26: 30-37[3] American Concrete Institute, ACI 222. 2R-01, Corrosion of Prestressing Steels [M]. Detroit MI, 2001.[4] Klodt D T. Studies of electrochemical corrosion and brittle fracture susceptibility of prestressing steel in relation to prestressed concrete bridges [A]. Proceedings of 25th Conference of National Association of Corrosion Engineers [C].Houston, Texas, 1969: 78-87[5] Toribio J. Role of hydrostatic stress in hydrogen diffusion in pearlitic steel [J]. J. Mater. Sci.,1993, 28(9): 2289-2298[6] Lin B. Study of effect of stresses on the fracture behavior and corrosion of prestressing steel wires [D].Shanghai: Shanghai Jiaotong Univ., 2007: 80-86 (林兵. 应力对预应力钢丝断裂性能和腐蚀的影响研究 [D]. 上海: 上海交通大学. 2007: 80-86)[7] Elices M, Ruiz J, Atienza J M. Influence of residual stresses on hydrogen embrittlement of cold drawn wires [J]. Mater. Struct., 2004, 37: 305-310[8] Toribio J, Elices M. Influence of residual stresses on hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of prestressing steels [J]. Int. J. Solids. Struct., 1991, 28(6): 791-803[9] Kharin V, Toribio J. Effect of residual stress profile on hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of prestressing steel [J]. Anales De Mecanica De La Fractura, 2005, 22: 464-469[10] Elices M. Influence of residual stresses in the performance of cold-drawn pearlitic wires [J]. J.Mater Sci., 2004, 39(12): 3889-3899[11] Brass A M, Chene J. Influence of deformation on the hydrogen behavior in iron and nickel base alloys: a review of experimental data [J]. Mater. Sci. Eng.1998, A242: 210-221[12] Nagumo M, Takai K, Okuda N. Nature of hydrogen trapping sites in steels induced by plastic deformation [J].J. Alloy Compd, 1999, 293-295: 310-316[13] Zhang X H, Chen P Y, Tan C Y. Effect of stress and plastic strain on hydrogen diffusion in welded joint of implant test [J]. Trans. China Weld. Inst., 2002, 23(2): 9-12 (张显辉, 陈佩寅, 谭长瑛. 应力/应变场对插销试验焊接接头氢扩散的影响 [J]. 焊接学报, 2002, 23(2): 9-12)[14] Toribio J, Kharin V. A hydrogen diffusion model for applications in fusion nuclear technology [J]. Fusion Eng.Des., 2000, 51-52: 213-218[15] Hirth J P. Effects of hydrogen on the properties of iron and steel [J]. Metall. Trans., 1980, 11A: 861-890[16] Van Acker K, Root J, Van Houtte P, et al. Neutron diffraction measurement of the residual stress in the cementite and ferrite phases of cold-drawn steel wires [J]. Acta Mater., 1996, 44(10): 4039-4049[17] Atienza J M, Martinez-Perez M L, Ruiz-Hervias J.Residual stresses in cold drawn ferritic rods [J]. Scr.Mater., 2005, 52: 305-309[18] Atienza J M, Ruiz-Hervias J. Residual stresses in cold drawn pearlitic rods [J]. Scr. Mater., 2005,52: 1223-1228[19] Toribio J, Toledano M. A fracture criterion for prestressing steel cracked wires [A]. Advances in Steel Structures(ICASS'99) [C]. Pergamon, 1999: 947-954[20] Kharin V, Blanco J A, et al. Influence of cold drawing on residual stresses and hydrogen embrittlement of prestressing steels [A]. 10$^{th$ Portuguese Conference on Fracture [C]. 2006: 1-9[21] Morton K W, Mayers D F. Numerical Solution of Partial Differential Equations [M]. UK: Cambridge University Press, 2005, 15-30[22] Zou T. Hydrogen brittleness phenomena brought by steel wire pickling and its settling measure [J]. Steel Wire Prod., 2007, 33(4): 14-15 (邹韬. 钢丝酸洗产生的氢脆现象及其解决措施 [J]. 金属制品, 2007, 33(4): 14-15) |
| No Suggested Reading articles found! |
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
