固体氧化物燃料电池金属连接体研究进展

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2024.259

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2025, Vol. 45

Issue (1): 46-60 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2024.259 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2024.259

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固体氧化物燃料电池金属连接体研究进展

董子烨¹, 吴毅恒¹, 卢翀²(

), 沈朝¹(

), 曾小勤¹

1 上海交通大学材料科学与工程学院上海 200240
2 上海交通大学分析测试中心上海 200240

Research Progress in Metallic Interconnectors for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs)

DONG Ziye¹, WU Yiheng¹, LU Chong²(

), SHEN Zhao¹(

), ZENG Xiaoqin¹

1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
2 Instrument Analysis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

引用本文:

董子烨, 吴毅恒, 卢翀, 沈朝, 曾小勤. 固体氧化物燃料电池金属连接体研究进展[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2025, 45(1): 46-60.
Ziye DONG, Yiheng WU, Chong LU, Zhao SHEN, Xiaoqin ZENG. Research Progress in Metallic Interconnectors for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs)[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2025, 45(1): 46-60.

全文: PDF(18520 KB) HTML

摘要:

固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)是一种全固态燃料电池，连接体作为其中的关键组成部分，显著影响电池的性能。早期的连接体采用陶瓷材料制作，其高昂的成本和较高的电阻阻碍了电池的发展。随着电池工作温度的降低(550~800 ℃)，金属材料取代陶瓷材料成为可能。铁素体不锈钢(FSS)凭借其低成本、良好的机械加工性能、高温下较好的耐腐蚀能力等优点，成为连接体候选材料，但其性能仍需进一步优化。本文综述了550~800 ℃ SOFC连接体材料研究现状，重点介绍了FSS以及表面改性FSS的研究情况，比较了预氧化和各类涂层改性FSS的优缺点，并对连接体材料的研究方向进行了展望。

关键词 ：固体氧化物燃料电池, 金属连接体, 抗氧化性能, 表面涂层

Abstract：

Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a type of all-solid-state fuel cell, in which the interconnector, as a key component, significantly affects the performance of the cell. Earlier interconnects were made of ceramic materials, whose high cost and high resistance hindered the development of SOFCs. As the operating temperature of SOFCs has decreased to a range from 550 ^oC to 800 ^oC, the possibility of replacing ceramic materials with metallic alternatives has emerged. Ferritic stainless steel (FSS) has been identified as a promising candidate for interconnectors due to its low cost, good machinability and good corrosion resistance at elevated temperatures, etc. But its properties still need to be further optimized. This paper introduces the research status of SOFC interconnectors at 550-800 ^oC with emphasis on the research status of FSS and surface-modified FSS. The advantages and disadvantages of pre-oxidation and various coating-modified FSS are compared, and the potential research direction of interconnecting materials is prospected.

Key words： solid oxide fuel cell metallic interconnector oxidation resistance surface coating

收稿日期: 2024-08-17 32134.14.1005.4537.2024.259

ZTFLH:

TG174

基金资助:中核集团领创基金项目(23GFCJJ12-941; 22GFC-JJ12-477);中核集团青年英才项目(24GFC-JJ12-131)

通讯作者: 沈朝，E-mail：shenzhao081@sjtu.edu.cn，研究方向为金属高温腐蚀；
卢翀，E-mail：luchong@sjtu.edu.cn，研究方向为透射电子显微学

Corresponding author: SHEN Zhao, E-mail: shenzhao081@sjtu.edu.cn;
LU Chong, E-mail: luchong@sjtu.edu.cn

作者简介: 董子烨，男，2004年生，本科生

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https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2024.259 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2025/V45/I1/46

图1 SUS 430[33]，AISI 441[36]和Crofer 22 APU[20]在800 ℃空气中氧化1000 h后的横截面SEM和EDS图像

图2 Crofer 22 APU在800 ℃空气中以及在双气氛中空气侧氧化300 h后的SEM-EDS图像[41]

图3 AISI 441钢以及涂覆CeO2涂层样品的SEM显微形貌[63]

图4 涂层合金横截面SEM/EDS像，涂层SEM像和涂层烧结前后高分辨率SEM图像[72]

图5 TiC/TNSC涂层样品在800 ℃空气中氧化500 h后的横截面SEM和相应的EDS元素分布图[94]

表1 各种尖晶石的电导率及热膨胀系数[76]

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