外来入侵物种鬼针草提取物对ST12钢在H2SO4 介质中的缓蚀作用及机理

doi:10.11902/1005.4537.2025.337

中国腐蚀与防护学报

2026, Vol. 46

Issue (5): 1485-1496 CSTR: 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.337 DOI: 10.11902/1005.4537.2025.337

研究报告

本期目录 | 过刊浏览

外来入侵物种鬼针草提取物对ST12钢在H₂SO₄ 介质中的缓蚀作用及机理

唐敏, 杜鹏飞, 徐娟, 雷然, 李幸鑫, 李向红(

)

西南林业大学材料与化学工程学院昆明 650224

Corrosion Inhibition Effect and Mechanism of Invasive Species Bidens pilosa L. Extract on ST12 Steel in H₂SO₄ Medium

TANG Min, DU Pengfei, XU Juan, LEI Ran, LI Xingxin, LI Xianghong(

)

College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China

引用本文:

唐敏, 杜鹏飞, 徐娟, 雷然, 李幸鑫, 李向红. 外来入侵物种鬼针草提取物对ST12钢在H₂SO₄ 介质中的缓蚀作用及机理[J]. 中国腐蚀与防护学报, 2026, 46(5): 1485-1496.
Min TANG, Pengfei DU, Juan XU, Ran LEI, Xingxin LI, Xianghong LI. Corrosion Inhibition Effect and Mechanism of Invasive Species Bidens pilosa L. Extract on ST12 Steel in H₂SO₄ Medium[J]. Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and protection, 2026, 46(5): 1485-1496.

全文: PDF(12263 KB) HTML

摘要:

以水为溶剂，采用超声提取法从鬼针草(Bidens pilosa L.)中成功制备了环保高效的提取物缓蚀剂(Bidens pilosa L. extract, BPE)，拓展了其在金属防腐方面的应用。通过光谱分析、失重法、电化学测试、表面分析和量子化学计算对BPE在0.5 mol/L H₂SO₄中对ST12钢的缓蚀性能和机理进行了深入讨论。结果表明，BPE含有O—H/N—H、C＝O等特征官能团，在30 ℃和300 mg/L条件下的缓蚀率可达85%。BPE分子可通过物理与化学吸附自发地在金属表面形成保护膜，其吸附行为符合Langmuir等温模型。量子化学计算进一步揭示，关键活性成分(黄酮类与酚酸类等)的电子结构与其吸附能力之间存在明确的构效关系，从理论上阐明了BPE的缓蚀机制。

关键词 ：鬼针草, 缓蚀剂, 机理, 硫酸, 吸附

Abstract：

An eco-friendly and highly effective extract-based corrosion inhibitor (Bidens pilosa L. extract, BPE) was successfully prepared from Bidens pilosa L. by ultrasonic extraction with water as solvent, thereby expanding its application in metal corrosion prevention. The corrosion inhibition performance and mechanism of BPE on ST12 steel in 0.5 mol/L H₂SO₄ were thoroughly investigated using the spectrum analysis, mass loss measurements, electrochemical tests, surface analysis, and quantum chemical calculations. The results show that BPE contains characteristic functional groups such as O—H/N—H and C＝O, and its corrosion inhibition efficiency can reach 85% at 30 ℃ and a concentration of 300 mg/L. BPE molecules can spontaneously form a protective film on the steel surface through physical and chemical adsorption, and the adsorption behavior conforms to the Langmuir isothermal model. Quantum chemical calculations further demonstrate a distinct structure-activity relationship between the electronic structures of key active components (flavonoids and phenolic acids) and their adsorption capacities, thus providing theoretical support for the corrosion inhibition mechanism of BPE.

Key words： Bidens pilosa L. corrosion inhibitor mechanism sulfuric acid adsorption

收稿日期: 2025-10-28 32134.14.1005.4537.2025.337

ZTFLH:

TG174.42

基金资助:国家自然科学基金(52161016);云南省教育厅研究生项目(2024Y591);云南省院士工作站项目(202305AF150009)

通讯作者: 李向红，E-mail：xianghong-li@163.com，研究方向为缓蚀剂

Corresponding author: LI Xianghong, E-mail: xianghong-li@163.com

作者简介: 唐敏，女，1997年生，博士生

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https://www.jcscp.org/CN/10.11902/1005.4537.2025.337 或 https://www.jcscp.org/CN/Y2026/V46/I5/1485

图1 鬼针草提取物的制备路线图

图2 FTIR测试和不同条件下的UV-vis曲线

图3 钢在含有不同浓度的BPE的H2SO4中的腐蚀速率、缓蚀率和热力学-动力学参数

表1 植物提取物缓蚀剂对钢在H2SO4中的研究进展[29~35]

表2 c/θ-c的拟合参数、∆Gθ 、∆Hθ 和Sθ

图4 钢电极在添加不同浓度BPE的H2SO4中的电化学测试

表3 不同条件下的Tafel曲线合参数

表4 电化学阻抗图谱拟合参数

图5 钢在不含和含BPE的H2SO4中浸泡6 h后的接触角、金相显微和SEM形貌

图6 钢在添加BPE前后的H2SO4中浸泡6 h后的AFM测试

表5 不同条件下对应的AFM粗糙度参数

图7 鬼针草中有效成分的最优构型、HOMO、LUMO、Fukui函数分布及ESP分布图

图8 量子化学计算的重要参数

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